Use of “That”, “Who”, “Which” and “When” To Produce Defining Relative Clauses Structure English Language Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6

PRY 5 ENGLISH THIRD TERM E-NOTE

Subject :English Grammar

Class :Primary 5

Term :Third Term

Week: 6

Class: Basic 5

Subject: English

Topic:

Use of “That”, “Who”, “Which” and “When” To Produce Defining Relative Clauses Structure English Language Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Previous Lesson :

•    Speech Work Passage on National Values Using Correct Stress and Intonation English Language Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6

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Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the purpose and usage of “that,” “who,” “which,” and “when” in defining relative clauses.
2. Identify and differentiate between the appropriate relative pronouns for people, things, and time.
3. Construct accurate sentences using relative pronouns to provide additional information about nouns.
4. Apply the knowledge of defining relative clauses in both spoken and written communication.

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Embedded Core Skills:

1. Language Skills: Listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
2. Comprehension Skills: Understanding the meaning and purpose of relative pronouns.
3. Grammar Skills: Identifying and using relative pronouns correctly.
4. Critical Thinking Skills: Applying knowledge of relative pronouns to form coherent sentences.

Learning Materials:

1. Whiteboard, markers, and eraser.
2. Textbooks and workbooks.
3. Handouts with sentence exercises.
4. Chart or poster displaying the different relative pronouns.
5. Examples of sentences using relative pronouns.
6. Timer or stopwatch.

Content

Topic: Use of “That,” “Who,” “Which,” and “When” to Produce Sentences (Defining Relative Clauses)

Lesson Notes: Week 6

1. Defining Relative Clauses:
   • Relative clauses give more information about a noun.
   • They start with words like “that,” “who,” “which,” or “when.”
2. “That“:
   • We use “that” to introduce relative clauses for things and animals.
   • Example: The car that is parked outside belongs to my uncle.
3. “Who“:
   • We use “who” to introduce relative clauses for people.
   • Example: The girl who won the competition is my sister.
4. “Which“:
   • We use “which” to introduce relative clauses for things.
   • Example: The book which is on the table is mine.
5. “When“:
   • We use “when” to introduce relative clauses for time.
   • Example: Yesterday was the day when I received my birthday gift.
6. Practice:
   • Complete the sentences using “that,” “who,” “which,” or “when”:
     • a) The dog ____ barks loudly is very annoying.
     • b) The boy ____ won the race is my best friend.
     • c) The computer ____ is broken needs to be repaired. d) Monday is the day ____ we have PE class.
7. Answers:
   • a) The dog that barks loudly is very annoying.
   • b) The boy who won the race is my best friend.
   • c) The computer which is broken needs to be repaired.
   • d) Monday is the day when we have PE class.
8. Remember:
   • “That,” “who,” “which,” and “when” help us provide more information about the nouns in our sentences.
   • Make sure to choose the right word based on whether we are talking about things, people, or time.

Note: Please refer to your textbooks and study materials for further examples, exercises, and explanations. Practice using these words in your everyday conversations to improve your English skills. Keep up the good work

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What are Relative Pronouns?

Relative pronouns are words that are used to introduce relative clauses in a sentence. They are called “relative” because they relate or refer back to a noun or pronoun mentioned earlier in the sentence. Relative pronouns help provide additional information about the noun or pronoun they refer to. The most common relative pronouns are “that,” “who,” “which,” “whom,” and “whose.” They serve as connectors between the main clause and the relative clause in a sentence. These pronouns help to make the sentence clearer and provide more details about the noun or pronoun being described.

Examples in sentences 

1. The book that I borrowed from the library is really interesting.
2. The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.
3. The car which is parked outside belongs to my neighbor.
4. The man whom I met at the party is a famous actor.
5. The dog whose tail is wagging is very friendly.
6. The cake that you baked for me was delicious.
7. The movie which we watched last night was a comedy.
8. The teacher who teaches math is very knowledgeable.
9. The house that we visited has a beautiful garden.
10. The day when we went to the beach was sunny.

These sentences demonstrate the use of relative pronouns “that,” “who,” “which,” and “when” to provide more information about the nouns or pronouns they refer to.

Evaluation

1. The girl __________ won the singing competition is my best friend. a) who b) whom c) which
2. This is the house __________ I grew up in. a) that b) who c) whom
3. The movie __________ we watched last night was really entertaining. a) who b) when c) which
4. The book, __________ is on the shelf, belongs to my sister. a) that b) when c) whose
5. The car __________ I saw in the parking lot was red. a) who b) that c) whom
6. The day __________ we went to the zoo was a lot of fun. a) which b) that c) when
7. The boy __________ broke the window is going to be punished. a) which b) that c) who
8. The dog, __________ tail is wagging, is very friendly. a) who b) whose c) which
9. The teacher __________ teaches English is Mrs. Johnson. a) whom b) who c) which
10. Yesterday was the day __________ we had a picnic in the park. a) that b) when c) whose

Note: Choose the letter corresponding to the correct relative pronoun that should be used in each sentence

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Defining Relative Clause and it’s Features

A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause that provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in the main clause of a sentence. It is introduced by a relative pronoun (such as “that,” “who,” “which,” “whom,” or “whose”) or a relative adverb (such as “when,” “where,” or “why”).

Features of a relative clause include:

1. Introducer: A relative clause begins with a relative pronoun or a relative adverb, which acts as the link between the main clause and the relative clause.
2. Function: The relative clause functions as an adjective and modifies or describes a noun or pronoun in the main clause, providing additional information about it.
3. Placement: The relative clause is usually placed immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies. However, it can also be placed at the end of a sentence for stylistic purposes.
4. Antecedent: The noun or pronoun that the relative clause refers to is called the antecedent. The relative clause provides information about or identifies the antecedent more specifically.
5. Relativizer: The relative pronoun or relative adverb not only introduces the relative clause but also serves as a placeholder representing the antecedent within the relative clause.
6. Subject-Verb Relationship: The subject and verb within the relative clause must agree in number and person with the antecedent in the main clause.
7. Non-essential or Essential: Relative clauses can be either non-essential (non-restrictive) or essential (restrictive). Non-essential relative clauses provide additional information that is not crucial to the meaning of the sentence, while essential relative clauses provide necessary information that restricts or defines the antecedent.

Relative clauses are important in adding detail and specificity to our sentences, allowing us to provide more information about people, things, places, times, and reasons

Functions of Relative clauses in sentences

Here is a list of functions of a relative clause in sentences:

1. Introduced by a relative pronoun or relative adverb.
2. Functions as an adjective.
3. Modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.
4. Usually placed immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies.
5. Provides additional information about the antecedent.
6. Relativizer acts as a placeholder for the antecedent.
7. Subject and verb within the relative clause agree with the antecedent.
8. Can be non-essential (non-restrictive) or essential (restrictive).
9. Adds detail and specificity to sentences.
10. Provides information about people, things, places, times, and reasons.

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Evaluation

1. What is the function of a relative clause? a) To modify a verb b) To modify an adjective c) To modify a noun or pronoun
2. Relative clauses provide additional information about the: a) Main verb b) Subject c) Antecedent noun or pronoun
3. Where is a relative clause usually placed in a sentence? a) At the beginning b) At the end c) Immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies
4. What is the purpose of a relative pronoun in a relative clause? a) To act as the main verb b) To introduce the relative clause c) To modify the subject
5. Relative clauses can be classified as: a) Adverbs b) Adjectives c) Adverbs and adjectives
6. Which of the following is an example of a relative pronoun? a) When b) Is c) The
7. In a non-essential relative clause, the information provided is: a) Crucial to the meaning of the sentence b) Optional and not essential to the meaning of the sentence c) A complete sentence on its own
8. True or False: The subject and verb within a relative clause should agree with the antecedent. a) True b) False
9. Relative clauses add _______ and _______ to sentences. a) Length; complexity b) Detail; specificity c) Simplicity; clarity
10. What does a relative clause provide information about? a) Verbs b) Adjectives c) Nouns or pronouns

Note: Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer for each question

Lesson Plan: Week 6

Topic: Use of “That,” “Who,” “Which,” and “When” to Produce Sentences (Defining Relative Clauses) Structure

Preparation:

1. Review the concept of nouns and pronouns.
2. Familiarize yourself with the usage and functions of “that,” “who,” “which,” and “when” as relative pronouns.
3. Prepare sentences and exercises for practice.
4. Set up the classroom with the necessary materials.

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Teacher’s Activities:

1. Warm-up (5 minutes):
   • Review the concept of nouns and pronouns by asking students to provide examples.
   • Introduce the topic of defining relative clauses and explain their purpose.
2. Introduction (10 minutes):
   • Display the chart or poster with the different relative pronouns.
   • Explain the usage and functions of “that,” “who,” “which,” and “when” with examples.
   • Engage students in a brief discussion about when and how they have encountered relative pronouns in everyday life.
3. Explanation and Examples (15 minutes):
   • Provide clear explanations and examples for each relative pronoun.
   • Highlight the difference between “that” (for things), “who” (for people), “which” (for things), and “when” (for time).
   • Ensure students understand the correct usage and placement of relative pronouns within sentences.
4. Guided Practice (15 minutes):
   • Distribute handouts with sentence exercises.
   • Instruct students to complete the sentences using the appropriate relative pronouns.
   • Monitor their progress, providing assistance where needed.
   • Encourage students to share and discuss their answers with their peers.
5. Independent Practice (10 minutes):
   • Assign a writing task where students create their own sentences using relative pronouns.
   • Allow students to work individually.
   • Collect their written work for assessment purposes.

Learners’ Activities:

1. Participate in the warm-up discussion on nouns and pronouns.
2. Engage in class discussions on defining relative clauses and their usage.
3. Listen attentively to the teacher’s explanations and examples.
4. Complete sentence exercises on handouts.
5. Work independently to write sentences using relative pronouns.
6. Share and discuss their answers with classmates.

Assessment:

1. Formative Assessment:
   • Monitor students’ participation and engagement during class discussions.
   • Observe their completion of sentence exercises and provide feedback.
   • Assess their ability to construct sentences using relative pronouns accurately.
2. Summative Assessment:
   • Collect and evaluate students’ written work, assessing their understanding and application of relative pronouns.
   • Use evaluation questions (see below) to assess students’ comprehension of the topic

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the purpose of using relative pronouns in sentences?
2. Give an example of a sentence using “that” as a relative pronoun.
3. When do we use “who” as a relative pronoun?
4. Provide an example of a sentence using “which” to introduce a relative clause.
5. How do relative pronouns provide additional information about a noun?
6. When do we use “when” as a relative pronoun?
7. Differentiate between non-essential (non-restrictive) and essential (restrictive) relative clauses.
8. How do you determine the correct relative pronoun to use in a sentence?
9. Construct a sentence using a relative pronoun to describe a person.
10. Rewrite the following sentence, adding a defining relative clause: “I bought a car.”

Conclusion:

1. Recap the lesson by summarizing the usage and functions of “that,” “who,” “which,” and “when” as relative pronouns.
2. Highlight the importance of defining relative clauses in providing additional information and making sentences more precise.
3. Encourage students to practice using relative pronouns in their daily conversations and written work to strengthen their understanding and fluency in English.

Note: This lesson plan is a general guide and can be adapted based on the specific needs and requirements of your classroom and curriculum

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