HomePrimary 5MathematicsAddition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers up to thousands and Millions using Real life examples Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Week 3

Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers up to thousands and Millions using Real life examples Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Week 3

Subject: 

MATHEMATICS

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Term:

FIRST TERM

Week:

WEEK 3

Class:

PRIMARY 5 / BASIC 5

Topic:

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS UP TO THOUSANDS AND MILLIONS 

  • WHOLE NUMBERS 
  • DECIMAL FRACTIONS 
  • REAL LIFE PROBLEMS ON ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS 
  • QUANTITATIVE REASONING 

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Previous lesson: 

The pupils have previous knowledge of

 Learners are familiar with  multiples of numbers and factors of numbers 

that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson

 

Behavioural objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to

  • Solve simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers
  • Add any 4 – 10 digits numbers and write out the answers in words and figures
  • Subtract any 4 – 10 digits numbers and write out the answers in words and figures
  • Add any decimal fraction and write the answers in words.
  • Subtract any decimal fraction and write the answers in words.
  • Solve real life problem on addition, subtraction and decimal fractions
  • Solve quantitative Reasoning related to addition and subtraction of numbers

 

 

Instructional Materials

  • Wall charts
  • Pictures
  • Related Online Video
  • Flash Cards
  • Cardboard
  • Understanding Mathematics Book Six.
  • Abacus
  • Addition and subtraction charts

 

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Methods of Teaching:

  • Class Discussion
  • Group Discussion
  • Asking Questions
  • Explanation
  • Role Modelling
  • Role Delegation

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Reference Materials:

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Numeracy
  • Critical Thinking
  • Problem Solving
  • Communication
  • Real-Life Application

Content:

 

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF WHOLE NUMBERS 

Addition and subtraction of whole numbers is an important mathematical concept that helps us to solve real-world problems.

In order to add or subtract these numbers, we need to understand the concept of place value. The position of a number in the decimal system determines how we will carry out addition or subtraction. For example, if we are working with 4-digit numbers, the units digit is in the ones place, the tens digit is in the tens place, and so on.

When we are adding or subtracting these numbers, it’s important to keep track of our carrying and borrowing operations. We can do this by using a number line or an addition or subtraction chart.

Some useful tips to keep in mind when working with whole numbers include breaking down larger numbers into smaller ones, using mental math strategies whenever possible, and checking your work regularly to ensure accuracy.

Some other key words that are commonly used to indicate addition of numbers include add, combine, increase, sum up, amount to, find the total, add up and add together. Whether you are adding two or more numbers together, or computing a total using different data sources, these key words can help make your calculations more efficient and accurate.
While some key words like decrease, deduct, less, minus or find the difference are the key words that are used to indicate subtraction of numbers.

Examples of simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers. 

Starting from the simple that is already known to unknown.
1. The sum of two numbers is simply the addition of those two numbers. For example, the sum of 3 and 4 is 7.

2. Subtraction is the process of removing one number from another to arrive at a final total. For example, subtracting 6 from 10 results in a total of 4.

3. When doing calculations involving addition and subtraction, it is important to keep track of your place value in order to avoid making mistakes. For example, adding 5 and 6 might look like this: 5 + 6 = 11, but if you accidentally add the two numbers in the wrong order (6 + 5), you will get a different result of 11 as well.

4. Another common mistake when doing addition and subtraction calculations is to forget to carry over or borrow numbers as needed. For example, adding 9 + 8 might look like this: 9 + 8 = 17, but if you do not carry the 1 from the tens column over to the ones column, you will get an incorrect result of 8.

5. Finally, it is important to remember that the order in which you perform addition and subtraction calculations can have a big impact on the final result. For example, if you are adding 4 + 7, it is easy to lose track of which number belongs in which place value and make a mistake like this: 4 + 7 = 11, when the correct answer is actually 11. By being careful and following the steps of addition and subtraction carefully, you can avoid making these common mistakes.

More examples of simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers with bigger numbers like million and billion. 

1. Add 5507469 and 4641007.

Solution:

We arrange the given numbers in column and add as follows:

Step 1: Add ones place i.e. 9 + 7 = 16 which is equal to 1 ten + 6 ones

Step 2: Carry 1 ten to the tens column as shown.

Step 3: Add tens place i.e. 6 tens + 0 tens + 1 ten which is equal to 7 tens.

Step 4: Add hundreds place i.e. 4 hundreds + 0 hundred which is equal to 4 hundreds.

Step 5: Add thousands place i.e. 7 thousands + 1 thousand which is equal to 8 thousands.

Step 6: Add ten thousands place i.e. 0 ten thousand + 4 ten thousands which is equal to 4 ten thousands.

Step 7: Add hundred thousands place i.e. 5 hundred thousands + 6 hundred thousands which is equal to 1 million + 1 hundred thousand

Step 8: Carry 1 million to the millions column as shown.

Step 9: Add millions place i.e. 5 millions + 4 millions + 1 million which is equal to 10 millions.

Therefore, the sum of given numbers= 10148476.

2. Add 4167499; 38014 and 3604587.

Solution:

We arrange the given numbers in column and add as follows:

Step 1: Add ones place i.e. 9 + 4 + 7 =20

which is equal to 2 tens 0 ones

Step 2: Carry 2 tens to the ten column as shown.

Step 3: Add tens place i.e. 9 tens + 1 ten + 8 tens plus the carry 2 which is equal to 20 tens as shown. You will write 0 and carry 2 to the hundred column

Step 3: Add hundreds place i.e. 4 hundreds + 0 hundred + 5 hundred plus carry 2 which is equal to 11 under the hundreds column. We will write 1 carry 1.

Step 4: Add thousands place i.e. 7 thousands + 8 thousand + 4 thousands which is equal to 20 thousand plus carry 1 unit.We will write 0 carry 2

Step 5: Add ten thousands place i.e. 6 ten thousand + 3 ten thousand + 0 ten thousand which is equal to 1 tens and carries 1 unit

Step 6: Add hundred thousands place i.e. 1 hundred thousand + 0 hundred thousand which is equal to 6 hundreds plus carry 1 unit equal to 8 hundred of thousand

Step 7 : Finally, add millions place i.e. 4 million + 0 million + 3 million which is equal to 7 million

Therefore, the sum of given numbers= 7810100.

Subtraction is a basic mathematical operation that involves the removal of numbers from other numbers. It is one of the four fundamental operations in mathematics, along with addition, multiplication, and division.

There are two main methods for performing subtraction: borrowing and regrouping. In borrowing, we take a number from the right-hand side of the problem and use it to subtract a number from the left-hand side of the problem. This allows us to perform more complex subtraction operations, such as subtracting large numbers or decimals.

Presentation: The topic is presented step by step
Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topics.
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic. Pupils in pairs are encouraged to calculate the sums of 5 or 8 digit numbers. The class teacher or subject teacher also tells the pupils stories on addition and subtraction of numbers
Step 3: the teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and he corrects then when the needs arise.
EVALUATION
  1. Calculate the sum of 12322, 48485 and 838585
  2. Increase 345938 by 484949
  3. Calculate the sum of 483949 and 959383
  4. Find the sum total of 3 dozen and 5 gross
  5. A bignote exercise book cost ₦2000. Calculate the total cost of 18 such bignote exercise books
  6. Deduct 45643 from 987645
  7. Less 234543 from 9834576
  8. Tosan went to market with ₦20000. She bought ₦12000 worth of meat, ₦2000 worth of pepper and spent ₦1800 on transport as fare. How much had she have left?
  9. Calculate the perimeter of a rectangle that is 12m by 10m
  10. Subtract 9.1 from 89.01

Practice Problem 1: You have 2,345 marbles, and your friend gives you 1,234 more. How many marbles do you have now? Try to add these numbers together.

Practice Problem 2: You have 5,678 stickers, and you decide to give 2,345 of them to your little brother. How many stickers do you have left? Use subtraction to find out.

Challenge Problem: Your school is organizing a charity event. They collected 7,890 books and received a donation of 4,567 more books. How many books do they have for the event in total? Try adding these big numbers together.

 

Take your time, and when you’re ready, let me know your answers

 

 

More Practice Questions

Addition Problems:

  1. You have 678 baseball cards, and your friend gives you 432 more. How many baseball cards do you have now?
  2. There are 1,234 students in the morning session and 567 students in the afternoon session. How many students are there in total?
  3. You have 2,345 candies, and your sister has 1,987 candies. How many candies do you both have together?
  4. A store sold 3,456 books in the morning and 2,345 books in the afternoon. How many books did they sell during the day?
  5. You earned 5,678 points in the first game and 3,210 points in the second game. What’s your total score?

Subtraction Problems:

  1. You have 4,567 marbles, and you decide to give 2,345 of them to your friend. How many marbles do you have left?
  2. There are 7,890 apples in a basket, and you ate 1,234 of them. How many apples are still in the basket?
  3. Your school library has 8,765 books, but 3,456 of them are borrowed. How many books are available in the library?
  4. You have 9,876 stickers, and your brother takes 2,109 of them. How many stickers do you have left?
  5. A bakery had 6,789 cupcakes, and they sold 5,432 cupcakes. How many cupcakes are still in the bakery

 

 

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Evaluation

1. You had 4,567 candies, and you ate 2,345 of them. How many candies do you have _______?
a) 2,222
b) 6,912
c) 2,322
d) 6,211

2. Your friend has 3,210 marbles, and he received 1,234 more from you. How many marbles does your friend have _______?
a) 4,444
b) 5,444
c) 2,345
d) 4,444

3. If there are 8,765 people in the morning session and 5,678 people in the afternoon session, how many people attended the event _______?
a) 2,345
b) 14,443
c) 14,443
d) 13,443

4. You have 9,876 books in your collection. You borrowed 1,234 books from the library. How many books do you own _______?
a) 8,888
b) 8,888
c) 10,110
d) 10,110

5. A store sold 7,890 shirts in the morning and 3,456 shirts in the afternoon. How many shirts did the store sell in total _______?
a) 4,222
b) 11,346
c) 11,346
d) 11,346

6. You collected 5,678 coins from your piggy bank. Your mom gave you 2,345 more. How many coins do you have now _______?
a) 3,333
b) 8,023
c) 8,023
d) 8,023

7. There are 6,543 apples in a basket. You took 3,210 apples. How many apples are left in the basket _______?
a) 3,333
b) 3,333
c) 3,333
d) 3,333

8. If a school has 10,000 students in the morning and 2,345 students in the afternoon, how many students are there in total _______?
a) 12,345
b) 12,345
c) 14,345
d) 14,345

9. You had 9,135,701 toys, and you gave away 4,567,890 of them. How many toys do you have now _______?
a) 5,567,811
b) 4,567,890
c) 4,567,811
d) 5,567,890

10. Your school library has 8,987,654 books, but 6,543,210 of them are checked out. How many books are available in the library _______?
a) 8,765,444
b) 8,765,444
c) 2,344,444
d) 2,344,444

11. You earned 7,890 points in the first game and lost 3,210 points in the second game. What’s your total score _______?
a) 4,222
b) 4,222
c) 11,100
d) 11,100

12. If there are 9,876,543 stars in one galaxy and 5,432,109 stars in another, how many stars are there in total _______?
a) 4,444,434
b) 4,444,434
c) 15,308,652
d) 15,308,652

13. Your savings account had 12,345,678 naira, and you withdrew 9,876,543 naira. How much money is left in your account _______?
a) 2,469,135
b) 2,469,135
c) 2,469,135
d) 2,469,135

14. A company produced 6,789,012 toys in one factory and 4,567,890 toys in another. How many toys did they produce in total _______?
a) 11,111,902
b) 11,111,902
c) 2,221,122
d) 2,221,122

15. You had 7,890,321 chocolates, and you shared 3,210,987 of them with friends. How many chocolates do you have left _______?
a) 4,679,334
b) 4,679,334
c) 4,679,334
d) 4,679,334

Assessment (5 minutes):

  • Collect and review the worksheets to assess students’ understanding.
  • Provide feedback and clarification on any incorrect answers.

Conclusion (5 minutes):

  • Summarize the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the practical applications of addition and subtraction.
  • Encourage students to look for opportunities to use these skills in their daily lives.
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