Civic Rule in Nigeria First Republic 1960 To 1966

First Term Lesson Notes History Primary 6

Subject: 

History

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Term:

FIRST TERM

Week:

WEEK 2

Class:

Primary 6/Basic 6

Topic:

Civic Rule in Nigeria First Republic 1960 To 1966

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Previous lesson: 

The pupils have previous knowledge of

General Revision of all primary 5 history scheme of work

that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson

 

Behavioural objectives:

By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

  • explain the meaning of civil rule
  • list the major political parties in Nigeria and their leaders during the first republic
  • list the features of cabinet system of government in Nigeria
  • Examine the achievements of Alhaji Tafawa Balewa
  • Relate the reasons for the collapse of the first republic in Nigeria that lasted from 1960 to 1966

 

Instructional Materials:

  • Wall charts
  • Pictures
  • Related Online Video
  • Flash Cards

 

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Methods of Teaching:

  • Class Discussion
  • Group Discussion
  • Asking Questions
  • Explanation
  • Role Modelling
  • Role Delegation

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Reference Materials:

  • Scheme of Work
  • Online Information
  • Textbooks
  • Workbooks
  • 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum

 

Content:

 

What is the meaning of Civil Rule?

Civil rule refers to a system of government in which the state is governed by elected officials who are accountable to the people through a system of representative democracy. In a civil rule system, the military does not have a direct role in the governance of the country and decisions are made through a process of negotiation and compromise between different branches of government and political parties. Civil rule is often contrasted with military rule, in which the military holds a prominent role in the governance of the country and decisions are made by military leaders rather than elected officials. Civil rule is also sometimes referred to as democratic rule or civilian rule.

 

 

Civic Rule in Nigeria First Republic 1960 To 1966

The first Republic of Nigeria, also known as the First Nigerian Republic, was a period in Nigerian history that lasted from 1960 to 1966. During this time, Nigeria was a federal parliamentary democracy with a presidential system of government. The country was divided into three regions: the Northern Region, the Western Region, and the Eastern Region. Each region had its own government, with the federal government being responsible for certain areas of national policy such as defense and foreign affairs.

The first Republic of Nigeria was marked by a number of significant political, social, and economic developments. One of the most significant developments was the adoption of a new constitution in 1963, which established the country’s parliamentary democracy and provided for the separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.

Another major development during this time was the emergence of political parties, with the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) and the Action Group (AG) being the two dominant parties. The NCNC was led by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, who served as the country’s first President, while the AG was led by Chief Obafemi Awolowo, who served as the country’s first Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance.

Overall, the first Republic of Nigeria was a period of relative stability and prosperity, with the country making significant progress in areas such as education, health care, and infrastructure development. However, the country also faced a number of challenges, including ethnic and regional tensions, corruption, and economic instability. These challenges ultimately contributed to the collapse of the first Republic in 1966, when a military coup led by Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi overthrew the government and ushered in a period of military rule.

 

 

 

Evaluation

  1. During the first Republic of Nigeria, which of the following was NOT one of the three regions of the country?

A) Northern Region B) Western Region C) Eastern Region D) Southern Region

Answer: D) Southern Region

  1. Who served as the first President of Nigeria during the first Republic?

A) Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B) Chief Obafemi Awolowo C) Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi D) Tafawa Balewa

Answer: A) Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe

  1. Which of the following was NOT a political party during the first Republic of Nigeria?

A) National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) B) Action Group (AG) C) Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN) D) Federalist Party

Answer: D) Federalist Party

  1. In what year was a new constitution adopted in Nigeria during the first Republic?

A) 1960 B) 1961 C) 1962 D) 1963

Answer: D) 1963

  1. Which branch of government was responsible for the separation of powers during the first Republic of Nigeria?

A) Executive B) Legislative C) Judicial D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

  1. Which of the following was NOT a significant development during the first Republic of Nigeria?

A) The adoption of a new constitution B) The emergence of political parties C) The establishment of a federal parliamentary democracy D) The collapse of the government

Answer: D) The collapse of the government

  1. Which of the following was NOT a challenge faced by Nigeria during the first Republic?

A) Ethnic and regional tensions B) Corruption C) Economic stability D) Lack of natural resources

Answer: D) Lack of natural resources

  1. During the first Republic of Nigeria, which of the following areas saw significant progress?

A) Education B) Health care C) Infrastructure development D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

  1. Who served as the first Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance during the first Republic of Nigeria?

A) Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B) Chief Obafemi Awolowo C) Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi D) Tafawa Balewa

Answer: B) Chief Obafemi Awolowo

  1. How did the first Republic of Nigeria come to an end?

A) It was dissolved by the military B) It was dissolved by the legislature C) It was dissolved by the judiciary D) It was dissolved by a popular uprising

Answer: A) It was dissolved by the military

 

The major political parties in Nigeria and their leaders during the first republic

During the first republic of Nigeria, the major political parties and their leaders were as follows:

  1. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) led by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe
  2. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) led by Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
  3. Action Group (AG) led by Chief Obafemi Awolowo
  4. United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC) led by Joseph Tarka

These parties and their leaders played a significant role in the political landscape of Nigeria during the first republic, which lasted from 1960 to 1966

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Evaluation

 

  1. Which of the following was NOT one of the major political parties in Nigeria during the first republic? A. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) B. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) C. Action Group (AG) D. All of the above were major political parties during the first republic
  2. Who was the leader of the National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) during the first republic? A. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa C. Chief Obafemi Awolowo D. Joseph Tarka
  3. Who was the leader of the Northern People’s Congress (NPC) during the first republic? A. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa C. Chief Obafemi Awolowo D. Joseph Tarka
  4. Who was the leader of the Action Group (AG) during the first republic? A. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa C. Chief Obafemi Awolowo D. Joseph Tarka
  5. Who was the leader of the United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC) during the first republic? A. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe B. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa C. Chief Obafemi Awolowo D. Joseph Tarka
  6. Which of the following political parties was led by a Yoruba person during the first republic? A. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) B. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) C. Action Group (AG) D. United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC)
  7. Which of the following political parties was led by a Hausa-Fulani person during the first republic? A. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) B. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) C. Action Group (AG) D. United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC)
  8. Which of the following political parties was led by an Igbo person during the first republic? A. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) B. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) C. Action Group (AG) D. United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC)
  9. Which of the following political parties was led by a Middle Belt person during the first republic? A. National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) B. Northern People’s Congress (NPC) C. Action Group (AG) D. United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC)
  10. The first republic of Nigeria lasted from: A. 1960 to 1966 B. 1966 to 1979 C. 1979 to 1999 D. 1999 to present

 

 

Features of the cabinet system of government in Nigeria during the First Republic

The cabinet system of government in Nigeria during the First Republic (1960-1966) was characterized by the following features:

Separation of powers: The constitution provided for the separation of powers between the executive, legislature, and judiciary. The executive, comprising the President and the Cabinet, was responsible for the administration of the country. The legislature, comprising the National Assembly, made the laws, while the judiciary, comprising the courts, interpreted the laws.

Cabinet system of government: The executive was headed by the President, who was advised by a Cabinet of Ministers. The Cabinet was responsible for formulating and implementing government policies and overseeing the day-to-day administration of the country.

Parliamentary system: Nigeria operated a parliamentary system of government, with the National Assembly comprising the Senate and the House of Representatives. The President was the head of government, while the Prime Minister was the leader of the majority party in the National Assembly and acted as the chief executive of the government.

Responsible government: The government was required to be accountable to the National Assembly for its policies and actions. The President and the Cabinet were answerable to the National Assembly for their conduct in office and could be removed from office by a vote of no confidence.

Federal system: Nigeria was a federal state, with the federal government responsible for the administration of the country as a whole and the states responsible for the administration of their respective regions. The federal government and the states shared power and resources.

Independence of the judiciary: The judiciary was independent and was responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring that they were applied fairly and impartially. The judiciary was also responsible for safeguarding the rights of individuals and ensuring that they were protected under the law.

 

Evaluation

1. What is the main characteristic of the cabinet system of government in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) Separation of powers
B) Parliamentary system
C) Responsible government
D) Federal system
E) Independence of the judiciary

2. Who was the head of government in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The Prime Minister
D) The National Assembly
E) The judiciary

3. Who was responsible for formulating and implementing government policies in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

4. Who was responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring that they were applied fairly and impartially in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

5. Who was responsible for safeguarding the rights of individuals and ensuring that they were protected under the law in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

6. Who was responsible for the administration of the country as a whole in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The federal government
B) The states
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

7. Who was responsible for the administration of their respective regions in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The federal government
B) The states
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

8. Who was responsible for making the laws in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

9. Who was the leader of the majority party in the National Assembly and acted as the chief executive of the government in Nigeria during the First Republic?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The Prime Minister
D) The National Assembly
E) The judiciary

10. The government in Nigeria during the First Republic was required to be accountable to which body for its policies and actions?
A) The President
B) The Cabinet
C) The National Assembly
D) The judiciary
E) The Prime Minister

Marking Guide 

  1. A) Separation of powers
  2. A) The President
  3. B) The Cabinet
  4. D) The judiciary
  5. D) The judiciary
  6. A) The federal government
  7. B) The states
  8. C) The National Assembly
  9. C) The Prime Minister
  10. C) The National Assembly

 

Achievement of Alhaji Tafawa Balewa during the first Republic in Nigeria 

Alhaji Tafawa Balewa was the Prime Minister of Nigeria during the First Republic (1960-1966). He played a significant role in the country’s political development and made several achievements during his time in office. Some of his notable achievements include:

  1. Promotion of national unity and stability: Alhaji Tafawa Balewa worked towards promoting national unity and stability in Nigeria by fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country. He also worked to bridge the gap between the North and South, which had been a source of tension in the past.
  2. Economic development: Alhaji Tafawa Balewa implemented policies aimed at improving the country’s infrastructure and promoting economic development. He oversaw the construction of roads, bridges, and ports, which helped to improve transportation and communication in the country. He also introduced a number of economic policies, including the establishment of a central bank and the development of a national currency.
  3. Political stability: Alhaji Tafawa Balewa helped to maintain political stability in Nigeria by working towards peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes. He also worked to strengthen the country’s democratic institutions and ensure that elections were free and fair.
  4. Educational development: Alhaji Tafawa Balewa prioritized education in his administration and implemented policies aimed at improving the quality of education in Nigeria. He oversaw the construction of schools and the expansion of educational opportunities, which helped to increase literacy rates in the country.
  5. International relations: Alhaji Tafawa Balewa played a key role in Nigeria’s foreign policy and worked to establish good relations with other countries. He played a significant role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and worked to promote cooperation and collaboration among African countries.

 

Evaluation

  1. What was one of Alhaji Tafawa Balewa’s main achievements during the First Republic in Nigeria?

A) Promotion of national unity and stability B) Economic development C) Political stability D) Educational development E) International relations

  1. How did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa work towards promoting national unity and stability in Nigeria during the First Republic?

A) By fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country B) By bridging the gap between the North and South C) By implementing policies aimed at improving the country’s infrastructure D) By maintaining political stability in the country E) By improving the quality of education in Nigeria

  1. What did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa do to improve transportation and communication in Nigeria during the First Republic?

A) He oversaw the construction of roads, bridges, and ports B) He established a central bank C) He developed a national currency D) He prioritized education in his administration E) He played a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)

  1. How did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa work to maintain political stability in Nigeria during the First Republic?

A) By fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country B) By bridging the gap between the North and South C) By working towards peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes D) By strengthening the country’s democratic institutions E) By ensuring that elections were free and fair

  1. How did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa prioritize education in his administration during the First Republic in Nigeria?

A) By fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country B) By bridging the gap between the North and South C) By overseeing the construction of schools and the expansion of educational opportunities D) By maintaining political stability in the country E) By improving the quality of education in Nigeria

  1. What was one of Alhaji Tafawa Balewa’s achievements in international relations during the First Republic in Nigeria?

A) He played a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) B) He fostered good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country C) He bridged the gap between the North and South D) He maintained political stability in the country E) He improved the quality of education in Nigeria

  1. How did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa work to promote cooperation and collaboration among African countries during the First Republic in Nigeria?

A) By fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country B) By bridging the gap between the North and South C) By playing a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) D) By maintaining political stability in the country E) By improving the quality of education in Nigeria

  1. What did Alhaji Tafawa Balewa do to improve the country’s infrastructure in Nigeria during the First Republic?

A) He oversaw the construction of roads, bridges, and ports B) He established a central bank C) He developed a national currency D) He prioritized education in his administration E) He played a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)

 

Marking Guide 

  1. A) Promotion of national unity and stability
  2. A) By fostering good relations with the various ethnic and regional groups in the country B) By bridging the gap between the North and South
  3. A) He oversaw the construction of roads, bridges, and ports
  4. C) By working towards peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes D) By strengthening the country’s democratic institutions E) By ensuring that elections were free and fair
  5. C) By overseeing the construction of schools and the expansion of educational opportunities
  6. A) He played a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
  7. C) By playing a key role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
  8. A) He oversaw the construction of roads, bridges, and ports

 

What are the reasons for the collapse of the Nigeria First Republic of 1960 to 1966.

  1. Political instability: The First Republic was marked by intense political rivalry and infighting among different political parties and factions. This contributed to a lack of effective governance and led to widespread corruption and mismanagement.
  2. Economic problems: The First Republic was also marked by economic difficulties, including a decline in the price of oil, Nigeria’s main export, and widespread poverty and unemployment.
  3. Military intervention: The First Republic was also plagued by military intervention in politics. In January 1966, a group of military officers staged a coup and overthrew the government of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.
  4. Ethnic and regional tensions: Nigeria is a diverse country with more than 250 ethnic groups, and tensions between different groups played a role in the collapse of the First Republic. Some groups felt marginalized and excluded from political power, which contributed to political instability.
  5. External factors: The First Republic was also affected by external factors, including the Cold War and the influence of foreign powers. The United States and the Soviet Union both sought to influence events in Nigeria, and this added to the country’s political instability.

Overall, the collapse of the Nigeria First Republic was due to a combination of internal and external factors that contributed to political instability, economic difficulties, and military intervention.

Presentation

 

The topic is presented step by step

 

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

 

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic. Pupils are encouraged to explain personal security. Pupils in pairs are to suggest people that they can reach out to when in harm, fear or danger.

 

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise. The class teacher makes the pupils to know the reasons for person security

 

Evaluation

  1. What was one of the main reasons for the collapse of the Nigeria First Republic?

a) Political instability b) Economic problems c) Military intervention d) All of the above

  1. What contributed to political instability during the First Republic?

a) Intense political rivalry and infighting among political parties b) Economic difficulties c) Military intervention d) Ethnic and regional tensions

  1. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the economic problems of the First Republic?

a) A decline in the price of oil b) Widespread poverty and unemployment c) Strong economic growth d) All of the above were factors

  1. Who overthrew the government of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa in January 1966?

a) A group of military officers b) Opposing political parties c) Ethnic and regional groups d) Foreign powers

  1. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the collapse of the First Republic?

a) External factors, including the Cold War b) Ethnic and regional tensions c) Political stability d) Military intervention

  1. How many ethnic groups are there in Nigeria?

a) 50 b) 100 c) 250 d) 500

Collapse of Nigeria First Republic

The collapse of the Nigeria First Republic, which lasted from 1960 to 1966, was due to a combination of internal and external factors. Some of the main reasons for the collapse of the First Republic include:

  1. Political instability: The First Republic was marked by intense political rivalry and infighting among different political parties and factions. This contributed to a lack of effective governance and led to widespread corruption and mismanagement.
  2. Economic problems: The First Republic was also marked by economic difficulties, including a decline in the price of oil, Nigeria’s main export, and widespread poverty and unemployment.
  3. Military intervention: The First Republic was also plagued by military intervention in politics. In January 1966, a group of military officers staged a coup and overthrew the government of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.
  4. Ethnic and regional tensions: Nigeria is a diverse country with more than 250 ethnic groups, and tensions between different groups played a role in the collapse of the First Republic. Some groups felt marginalized and excluded from political power, which contributed to political instability.
  5. External factors: The First Republic was also affected by external factors, including the Cold War and the influence of foreign powers. The United States and the Soviet Union both sought to influence events in Nigeria, and this added to the country’s political instability.

Overall, the collapse of the Nigeria First Republic was due to a combination of internal and external factors that contributed to political instability, economic difficulties, and military intervention.

Evaluation
  1. What was one of the main reasons for the collapse of the Nigeria First Republic?

a) Political instability b) Economic problems c) Military intervention d) All of the above

  1. What contributed to political instability during the First Republic?

a) Intense political rivalry and infighting among political parties b) Economic difficulties c) Military intervention d) Ethnic and regional tensions

  1. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the economic problems of the First Republic?

a) A decline in the price of oil b) Widespread poverty and unemployment c) Strong economic growth d) All of the above were factors

  1. Who overthrew the government of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa in January 1966?

a) A group of military officers b) Opposing political parties c) Ethnic and regional groups d) Foreign powers

  1. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the collapse of the First Republic?

a) External factors, including the Cold War b) Ethnic and regional tensions c) Political stability d) Military intervention

  1. How many ethnic groups are there in Nigeria?

a) 50 b) 100 c) 250 d) 500

  1. What was one of the main exports of Nigeria during the First Republic?

a) Oil b) Agricultural products c) Minerals d) All of the above

  1. Which of the following foreign powers sought to influence events in Nigeria during the First Republic?

a) The United States b) The Soviet Union c) China d) All of the above

  1. What was the main cause of the collapse of the First Republic?

a) Political instability b) Economic problems c) Military intervention d) It is impossible to identify a single main cause

  1. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the collapse of the First Republic?

a) Widespread poverty and unemployment b) Intense political rivalry and infighting among political parties c) Military intervention d) Strong economic growth

Answer Guide 

  1. d) All of the above
  2. a) Intense political rivalry and infighting among political parties
  3. c) Strong economic growth
  4. a) A group of military officers
  5. c) Political stability
  6. c) 250
  7. a) Oil
  8. d) All of the above
  9. d) It is impossible to identify a single main cause
  10. d) Strong economic growth

Conclusion

The class teacher wraps up or concludes the lesson by giving out short notes to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.

 

 

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