THE SEWING MACHINE
Subject:
Home Economics
Term:
First Term
Week:
Week 12
Class:
JSS 3 / BASIC 9
Previous lesson: Pupils have previous knowledge of
Manufacturing Process of Linen
that was taught in their previous lesson
Topic:
THE SEWING MACHINE
Behavioural objectives: At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to
- define sewing machine
- explain the types of sewing machine
- Write out various ways of maintaining types of sewing machine
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
- Workbooks
Content:
THE SEWING MACHINE
TOPIC: THE SEWING MACHINE CONTENT
1:Types of Sewing Machine and Different Parts of Sewing Machines and Their Functions.
2. Guidelines for choosing a Sewing MachineS
SUB-TOPIC 1:
TYPES OF SEWING MACHINE AND DIFFERENT PARTS OF SEWING MACHINES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS.
The sewing machine is major sewing equipment. It is very important in successful sewing. It is also an expensive and complicated piece of equipment. It is therefore very important that one chooses it carefully and wisely. It is also important that it is handled carefully. And in order to do these, you must understand its various parts, and be able to maintain and operate it properly
Types of Sewing Machines
There are various types and makes of sewing machines. However, all sewing machines are basically similar. They may differ in types and number of kinds of stitches they make. They can also differ in the way they can be operated.
The following are common types.
Hand sewing machine: this is simple. It is operated just with hand. It requires to be placed on a table.
Treadle sewing machine: this is operated with the feet. The worker has both hands free for guiding the work.
It normally has a special stand.
Electric sewing machine: this is operated with the aid of electric motor. Some hands and treadle machines can easily be converted to electric sewing machine by using the electric motor.
Some machines make just straight stitches. Others make both straight and zigzag stitches.
GUIDELINES FOR CHOOSING A SEWING MACHINE:
1. Compare similar types of sewing machines by different manufacturers.
2. Compare their servicing arrangements, parts, prices and any other necessary information.
3. Consider the weight of the machine. Very heavy ones may be too difficult to carry about.
4. Consider the money available. Buy the best your money can afford.
5. Before paying for the machine, check to ensure that you have the instructional manual or handbook, all the accessories and spare parts that accompany the machine.
6. Before carrying away the machine, it is necessary to have the dealer demonstrate to you how it should be operated. Then try it out yourself.
PROCEDURES FOR OPERATING SEWING MACHINE.
Set the machine in a good light in such a way that no shadow is thrown across the work.
Sit a comfortable height and square to the machine.
Lean forward and rest your arms just below the elbows on the table top.
Place the work in the machine so that the bulk of the materials is at the left-hand side where there is room for it.
Push both threads towards the back of the needle.
Lower the needle into the position required.
Lower the presser foot and begin to sew.Use the sides of the presser foot as a guide to sew straight and watch the foot, not the needle.
To turn a corner, stop at the corner with the needle firmly in the fabric; raise the foot and turn the materials round, lower the foot and continue sewing.
To remove work from the machine:Raise the presser foot.
Draw thread from the machine gently by pulling above the needle so that it does not bend or break the needle.
Draw the fabric out and cut through the two threads (the needle thread and the bobbin thread) leaving 10 cm of thread on each side.
To end the work, bring the two threads together and thread into a needle and make a couple of stitches forward and backward.
CARE OF A SEWING MACHINE.
A sewing machine can be properly cared for in the following ways:-
Study the machine handbook (instruction manual) by the manufacturer before operating the machine.
Be sure all the parts are correctly fitted.Unplug electric sewing machine before cleaning.See that the machine is free from dust and fault.
Remove the throat plate and slide plate to expose all lint and dust clean thoroughly.Oil regularly; dropping oil only as directed in the instruction.
Run the machine without threading or inserting any cloth for a short time.Clean all parts of the machine and replace all parts after cleaning.
Keep a small fabric between the presser foot and the feet dog. Lower the needle into the machine, and lower the presser foot.Avoid dropping the machine on the ground.
Carry it carefully.Let it have a permanent place to avoid damage.Cover the sewing machine when not in use.Make sure the instruction book is well looked after.
Presentation
Step 1
The subject teacher introduces the new topic
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
Evaluation
Objective Test:
- A treadle machine is operated with ……..((A)motor (B)hand (C)foot (D)electric motor (E)two hands
- The part of the sewing machine that raises and lowers the needle is ………(A)presser foot (B)balance wheel (C)head (D)feed dog (E)bobbin
- Which of this regulates the tightness of the thread during stitching ……(A)bobbin (B)bobbin case (C)needle (D)tension discs (E)motion screw
- Which of the following holds the threaded bobbin in position ready for sewing ……….((A)bobbin winder (B)bobbin (C)bobbin case (D)bobbin machine (E)bobbin spool
- The part of the sewing machine that sets the machine in motion is ………(A)Spool pin (B)balance wheel (C)stitch regulator (D)stop motion screw (E)presser foot
- The thread that goes in the lower part to the machine is in the ………(A)throat plate (B)needle (C)motor (D)bobbin case (E)spool pin
- The needle controls the thread which stitches the cloth from the ……..(A)side (B)top (C)bottom (D)bobbin (E)edge
- When loops appear on the upper surface of the stitching , one of the following is true (A) upper tension is too tight (B) upper tension is not tight (C)lower tension is too tight (D)lower tension is not tight (E)both threads are right
- When both upper and lower thread are too tight the fabric becomes ………(A)smooth (B)wrinkled (C)tough (D) easy (E)free
- Incorrect threading of machine can lead to constant (A)breaking of cloth (B)stitching (C)breaking of thread (D)noise (E)joining of thread Week
Part B
Theory
- Give five factors to consider when laundering clothes
- (a). Define the term laundering.
- (b) List four laundry agents and their uses.
- (c) State three laundry agents and uses.
- Mention two uses of stiffening agents in laundry.
- Mention two uses of Detergents for Laundry
- Mention two uses of Water for Laundry
Conclusion:
The subject goes round to mark the pupil’s notes. He does the necessary corrections
