Manufacturing Process of Linen
Subject:
Home Economics
Term:
First Term
Week:
Week 10
Class:
JSS 3 / BASIC 9
Previous lesson: Pupils have previous knowledge of
PRODUCTION OF TEXTILES
that was taught in their previous lesson
Topic:
Manufacturing Process of Linen
Behavioural objectives: At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to
- define linen
- explain the process of manufacturing linen
- give examples of linen
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
- Workbooks
Content:
Manufacturing Process of Linen
Manufacturing Process of Linen.
Linen is processed from the stem of flax plant by the following steps:
(i) Retting: This is the process of softening the flax stems by letting them rot in ponds or special retting tanks. This separates the fibres from the stem.
(ii) Breaking and scotching: These are mechanical treatments that break and remove the woody matter and impurities from the fibres.
(iii) Combing: This is the process of passing the fibres through special series of combs to separate long fibres from short ones.
(iv) Spinning: This is the process of drawing the fibres into slivers and twisting them for strength. Yarns are produced. The yarns are then woven into fabric.
(v) The yarns can be dyed before weaving.
Manufacturing Process of Wool.
Wool fibres are processed into two forms:Worsted yarn:
This is made from long fibres.Woolen yarn:
This is made from short fibres.
The major steps for the manufacturing of both forms are:
(i) Clipping: the fibres (fleece) from the sheep. This is cutting the hair. The fleece is then packed in bales and transported to the factories.
(ii) Sorting: The process of grading and separating fibres according to length.
(iii) Scouring: The process of washing the fibres in soapy alkaline water to remove dirt and grease.
(iv) Carbonizing: The process of removing all vegetable matter from the fibres by treatment with acid heat and pressure.
(v) Carding: This process separates the matted fibres.
(vi) Spinning: This is the process of twisting the fibres into worsted or woolen yarns.
(vii) Weaving: The process of making the wool fabrics from the yarn.
Manufacturing Process of Silk.
A silk worm spins filaments (the fibres) for its cocoon.
It then turns into pupa.
The fibres are then held together by silk gum. Before the pupa changes into a moth, the cocoon is put into boiling water.
This softens the gum. The silk fibre is then drawn fro the cocoon.
The raw silk is reeled up into skeins and packed into small bundles called books. Silk fibre is very fine or tiny to handle.
Therefore, silk is processed by the following steps:
(i) Reeling: This is the process of winding the silk filament from the cocoon. The cocoons are boiled in water to soften the gum so as to unwind the filaments.
(ii) Throwing: This is the process of twisting silk fibres to form a strong yarn.
(iii) De-gumming: This is the process of removing the silk-gum from the yarn by boiling in soapy water.
(iv) Weaving: This is the process of constructing the yarn into silk fabric. Metallic salts in a process known as weighing. This makes the fabric heavier.
(v) Weighing: This is the process of treating the silk fabric with certain metallic salts to give luster and physical weight to the product.
EVALUATION:
1. Describe the following:
(i) Weaving
(ii) Felting
(iii) Crocheting
(iv) Braiding
(v) Knitting
2. Explain the steps in the manufacturing of:(i) Cotton
(ii) Silk
(iii) Wool
(iv) Linen
Presentation
Step 1
The subject teacher introduces the new topic
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
Evaluation
1. Describe the following:
(i) Weaving
(ii) Felting
(iii) Crocheting
(iv) Braiding
(v) Knitting
2. Explain the steps in the manufacturing of:(i) Cotton
(ii) Silk
(iii) Wool
(iv) Linen
Conclusion:
The subject goes round to mark the pupil’s notes. He does the necessary corrections
