HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FAMILY HEALTH (SANITATION) (I)

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FAMILY HEALTH (SANITATION) (I)

FIRST TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE

CLASS: JSS1

Term : First Term

Week: Week 6

Class : JSS 1

Previous lesson : The pupils have previous knowledge of  

Human development Changes in boys and girls at puberty 

Topic :

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FAMILY HEALTH (SANITATION) (I)

Behavioural objectives :

At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

  • explain the meaning of personal hygiene
  • say how we can take care of our eyes , ears , nose and other parts of the body
  • explain the benefits of good personal hygiene
  • say the disadvantages of poor personal hygiene

Instructional Materials :

  • Wall charts
  • Pictures
  • Related Online Video
  • Flash Cards

Methods of Teaching :

  • Class Discussion
  • Group Discussion
  • Asking Questions
  • Explanation
  • Role Modelling
  • Role Delegation

 

Reference Materials :

  • Scheme of Work
  • Online Information
  • Textbooks
  • Workbooks
  • 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
  • Workbooks
  • Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1

 

CONTENT

WEEK SIX

TOPIC: FAMILY HEALTH (SANITATION) (I)

CONTENT

  • WHAT IS HEALTH?

Sanitation can be defined as the process whereby our bodies, clothes, shoes and environments are kept clean at all times, to prevent the microbial infections. It means cleanliness. Cleanliness is next to godliness. Sanitation is the process of keeping our bodies, places and environment free from dirt, infection and diseases.

Personal health is a state of well being of our actual body, mind and the way we feel about ourselves and others. It is also defined by The World Health Organization (WHO) as a complete physical, mental and social well-being of human-being and not merely the absence of diseases.

The Importance Of Sanitation

  1. It will reduce to a bearable minimum the number of germs or pathogens in our bodies and environments.
  2. It will give us good looks and good health.
  3. It enables us to save money we might have spent on drugs and medical bills.
  4. It enables us to feel happy at all times.
  5. It makes us look neat and attractive in the public.
  6. It reduces government expenses on medical treatment of the citizens.
  7. It makes us energetic and able to perform our duties.

Methods of Keeping Human Bodies Clean

  • Taking bath regularly with soap and clean water
  • Cleaning of the fingers and toe nails.
  • Cleaning of the nose.
  • Cleaning of the ears.
  • Cleaning of the eyes.
  • Cleaning of the hair.
  • Cleaning of the hands.
  • Cleaning of the feet.
  • Cleaning of the teeth.
  • Cleaning of the clothes.
  • Cleaning of the shoes.

 

CLEANING OF EAR, NOSE AND EYES etc

  • You must be technical and careful about the way you wash the ear, nose and eyes when removing dust and dirt.

EAR

  • The ear passage should be cleaned with cotton wool.
  • Do not use sharp objects to clean the hear.
  • See a doctor when you notice discomfort in your hear.

NOSE

  • Do not use sharp objects in your nose.
  • You should be careful in washing your nose.

EYES

  • Do not use chemical like soap to wash your eyes.
  • Avoid opening your eyes to a very bright light.

HAIR

  • Cut your hair low and comb well to avoid lice living in it.
  • Males must visit hair saloon regularly to cut their hair low
  • Females must plait their hair
  • Dirty and unkempt hair may house lice and ticks
  • Dirty hair may cause itching and may smell bad

TEETH

  • Clean your teeth with tooth paste and brush.
  • Wash your teeth as many times as you desire especially after each    meal.

CLOTHES, SHOES AND UNDERWEAR

  • Clothes should be thoroughly washed and dried in the sun and ironed properly.
  • Underwear should be changed daily for proper hygienic conditions.
  • Shoes should be kept neat, clean and polished
  • Change your stockings regularly so that they will not start smelling stinkingly

 

 

Methods Of Keeping Homes Clean

  • Cleaning of the floor.
  • Cleaning of the furniture.
  • Cleaning of the window blinds.
  • Cleaning of the bedroom.
  • Cleaning of the sitting room.
  • Cleaning of the kitchen.
  • Cleaning of the bathroom.
  • Cleaning of the toilets.

 

 

ADVANTAGES OF PERSONAL HYGIENE

  • We look attractive and beautiful.
  • It inhibits the breed of germs in our environment.
  • It helps in sharp and clear eyes.
  • The brain will be alert.
  • It helps to save money we might otherwise spend on medical treatment.

 

DISADVANTAGES OF POOR HYGIENE

  • It makes us and our surrounding look untidy.
  • We become unhappy when we are sick.
  • It makes our parents spend money in the hospital when we are sick.
  • Poor hygiene causes diseases – causing micro-organisms to develop on our bodies, shoes,    clothes, homes.

 

Methods of Cleaning some Special Rooms in the Homes 

 

The kitchen 

The kitchen is the most important room in the house. It is the room where the issues of live and death are decided. The food that we eat is prepared in the kitchen. We must clean our kitchen clean always by doing the following

  • The floor must be mopped always
  • Food left over must be properly disposed
  • Do not leave chunks of food lying on the tables or floor
  • Always wash your plates

 

 

The living rooms and bedrooms 

This is the room that we have our snap or rest. That is where we have the beds and other furniture. We can take care of the living rooms in the following ways

  • The floor must be swept always
  • You must lay your bed always
  • As you lay your bed, that is how you will lie on it
  • Your bedspread must be clean
  • The parlour must be clean always.

 

The toilets

  • You must always flush your toilet after use
  • The lid that is on the toilet bowl must be closed always
  • The toilet bowl should be cleaned regularly
  • The bathtub and the sink in the bathroom should be cleaned regularly with detergent.

 

 

 

Presentation

 

The topic is presented step by step

 

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

 

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

 

Step 3:

The class teacher corrects the pupils when and where the needs arise .

 

EVALUATION

Part A

Objectives 

1 _______ is a state of well being of our actual body, mind and the way we feel about ourselves (a) Health (b) Family (c) Body (d) Relaxation

2 Poor hygiene causes ______ (a) Sound health (b) Sickness (c) Sharp and clear eyes (d) Wealth

3 Advantages of personal hygiene include the following except ______ (a) Looking attractive (b) ability to save more money (c) looking beautiful (d) looking untidy

4 _______ improves the health of the family (a) Exercise (b) Bad habit (c) Dirty environment (d) sickness

5. Which of the following might result from poor hygiene of the teeth (a) toothache (b) tooth decay (c) extracting the bad teeth (d) all of the above

 

6. Sanitation means _________ (a) environment (b) cleanliness (c) candidates

7. We must flush our toilet _____ (a) immediately after us (b) monthly (c) annually

8. Personal cleanliness reduces the spread of ______ (a) food (b) money (c) bacteria

 

THEORY

Part B 

1. Differentiate between personal health and sanitation.

2. Mention five importance sanitation.

3. State three ways of taking care of the eyes.

4. What are the methods of keeping our home clean?

5. State the ways of improving good health in the family.

6. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of personal hygiene.

 

7. State three ways of taking care of the eyes.

 

8. What are the methods of keeping our home clean?

 

9.  Explain personal hygiene.

10. State three advantages and three disadvantages of hygiene

 

 

 

Conclusion

The class teacher wraps up or conclude the lesson by giving out short note to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she does the necessary corrections when and where  the needs arise.

 

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