Puberty and Adolescent Changes Basic Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 5
Age: 11 – 12 years
Topic: Human Development
Sub-topics:
I. Meaning of Puberty and Adolescence
II. Puberty/Adolescent Changes – Physical, Social, and Emotional Changes
III. Personal Hygiene
IV. Menstruation, Menstrual Cycle, and Menstrual Hygiene – Myths and Facts about Pubertal Changes in Boys and Girls
V. Coping with Concerns at Adolescence: Pubertal Changes and Emotional Development
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define puberty and adolescence.
2. Identify physical, social, and emotional changes during puberty.
3. Explain the importance of personal hygiene during puberty.
4. Understand menstruation, the menstrual cycle, and menstrual hygiene.
5. Address myths and facts about puberty in boys and girls.
6. Cope with emotional and social concerns during adolescence.

Keywords:

• Puberty
• Adolescence
• Menstruation
• Menstrual cycle
• Hygiene
• Emotional development

Set Induction:

Ask students to mention any changes they have noticed in their bodies or behavior as they grow older. Relate their responses to puberty and adolescence.

Entry Behaviour:

Students have some awareness of growth and changes in their bodies.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Charts showing puberty changes in boys and girls
• Menstrual hygiene products (sanitary pads, menstrual cups)
• Diagrams of the reproductive system

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have learned about growth and development in living things. In this lesson, we will explore changes specific to human growth during adolescence.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Self-awareness
• Emotional intelligence
• Critical thinking
• Communication

Learning Materials:

• Visual aids showing the stages of puberty
• Pamphlets on personal hygiene during puberty

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Science Textbook for JSS 1

Instructional Materials:

• Charts and diagrams showing puberty changes in boys and girls
• Hygiene materials (e.g., soap, deodorant)
• Visual aids on menstruation and menstrual hygiene

Content:

1. Meaning of Puberty and Adolescence:
   • Puberty: The period when a child’s body begins to develop and change into an adult body capable of reproduction.
   • Adolescence: The stage of life between childhood and adulthood, during which puberty occurs.
2. Puberty/Adolescent Changes:
   • Physical Changes:
     • In boys: Deepening of the voice, growth of facial hair, increase in muscle size, etc.
     • In girls: Breast development, start of menstruation, widening of hips, etc.
   • Social Changes:
     • Increased independence from parents.
     • Forming stronger peer relationships.
   • Emotional Changes:
     • Mood swings.
     • Increased self-consciousness and awareness of body image.
3. Personal Hygiene During Puberty:
   • Proper body washing, regular use of deodorant, and care for the changing body (e.g., washing face to prevent acne).
   • Importance of maintaining hygiene during menstruation (e.g., regular changing of sanitary pads).
4. Menstruation, Menstrual Cycle, and Menstrual Hygiene:
   • Menstruation: The monthly shedding of the lining of the uterus in females, which usually starts during puberty.
   • Menstrual Cycle: The monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system that prepares the body for pregnancy.
   • Menstrual Hygiene: Involves proper care during menstruation to maintain cleanliness and prevent infection (e.g., using sanitary pads, keeping the area clean).
   • Myths and Facts about Pubertal Changes:
     • Myth: Only girls experience emotional changes during puberty.
     • Fact: Both boys and girls experience emotional changes during puberty.
     • Myth: Girls should not exercise during menstruation.
     • Fact: Girls can safely exercise during menstruation.
5. Coping with Concerns at Adolescence:
   • Physical Concerns: Coping with body changes, such as acne and growth spurts.
   • Emotional Concerns: Learning how to handle mood swings and emotional sensitivity.
   • Social Concerns: Developing healthy relationships and managing peer pressure.

Evaluation:

Fill in the blanks with the correct option:

1. Puberty is the time when a child’s body _______ into an adult body.
   a) Stays the same
   b) Changes
   c) Shrinks
   d) Disappears
2. _______ is a major physical change for boys during puberty.
   a) Growth of facial hair
   b) Starting menstruation
   c) Widening of hips
   d) None of the above
3. Menstruation happens in _______.
   a) Boys
   b) Girls
   c) Both boys and girls
   d) Neither
4. _______ is the regular shedding of the lining of the uterus.
   a) Puberty
   b) Menstrual cycle
   c) Menstruation
   d) Adolescence
5. _______ is important to maintain during menstruation.
   a) Physical changes
   b) Personal hygiene
   c) Emotional swings
   d) None of the above
6. _______ is one of the social changes during puberty.
   a) Acne
   b) Mood swings
   c) Increased independence from parents
   d) Deepening voice
7. Both boys and girls experience _______ changes during puberty.
   a) Emotional
   b) Only boys
   c) Only girls
   d) None
8. _______ should be changed regularly during menstruation.
   a) Menstrual cycle
   b) Sanitary pad
   c) Hygiene habits
   d) None
9. Puberty usually begins during _______.
   a) Adolescence
   b) Adulthood
   c) Childhood
   d) Infancy
10. _______ is a fact about puberty.
    a) Only girls experience emotional changes
    b) Both boys and girls experience emotional changes
    c) Boys never have mood swings
    d) Girls should not exercise during menstruation

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What is puberty?
2. What are some physical changes in boys during puberty?
3. How does menstruation occur?
4. Name two myths about puberty.
5. What are the emotional changes during adolescence?
6. Why is personal hygiene important during puberty?
7. How should girls take care of themselves during menstruation?
8. What is the menstrual cycle?
9. How can adolescents cope with mood swings?
10. Why is it important to exercise during adolescence?

Presentation:

• Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic, which was about the classification of non-living things into metals and non-metals.
• Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the meaning of puberty and adolescence and the changes that come with it.
• Step 3: The teacher allows the students to share any changes they have noticed in their bodies, and then provides explanations and corrections where necessary.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain puberty and adolescence in simple terms.
• Discuss physical, emotional, and social changes during adolescence.
• Show materials related to menstrual hygiene and demonstrate their use.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen attentively and participate in discussions.
• Ask questions about changes they are experiencing.
• Share examples of personal hygiene practices.

Assessment:

Evaluation Questions:

1. Define puberty.
2. Mention two physical changes in girls during puberty.
3. What is menstruation?
4. Name one myth about puberty.
5. How can adolescents manage their emotional changes?
6. What are some of the changes that occur in boys during puberty?
7. Why is hygiene important during adolescence?
8. What is the menstrual cycle?
9. How do social changes affect adolescents?
10. Name two personal hygiene tips for adolescents.

Conclusion:

The teacher goes around to mark students’ work and gives corrections where necessary.

More Useful Links:

• Classification of Non-Living Things into Metals and Non-Metals Basic Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4
• Difference Between Plants and Animals Basic Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3
• Characteristics of Living and Non-living things Basic Science JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 2

Explore the physical, emotional, and social changes during puberty and adolescence, with tips on personal hygiene and coping with concerns for JSS 1 students