Multiplication of Numbers
Subject:
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MATHEMATICS
Term:
FIRST TERM
Week:
WEEK 3
Class:
PRIMARY 6 / BASIC 6
Topic:
- Multiplication of numbers whole numbers
- Decimal fractions
- Real life problems .
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Previous lesson:
The pupils have previous knowledge of
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS
that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson
Behavioural objectives:
At the end of the lesson, pupils will be able to
- Multiply 3 digit numbers by 3 digit numbers and write the answers in words
- Multiply decimal fractions by decimal fractions with different numerators and denominators
- Solve real live problems that are related to multiplication of numbers
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
- Abacus
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Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
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Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- Lagos State Basic Education Curriculum
Content:
Multiplication of numbers
Multiplication is a mathematical operation that involves multiplying two or more numbers together. It is denoted using the symbol “x” or “*”.
For example, the multiplication of 4 and 5 is written as 4 x 5 or 4 * 5, and it is equal to 20.
In general, when we multiply two numbers together, we are finding the product of those numbers. The product is the result that we get when we multiply the numbers.
For example, the product of 4 and 5 is 20. We can also say that 20 is the result of multiplying 4 and 5 together.
Multiplication is an important operation in mathematics, and it is used in a variety of applications, including finding the area of a rectangle, calculating the cost of goods when there are multiple items, and finding the total distance travel when it comes to speed, distance or time taken to cover a distance.
Here are some key words that are used for multiplication of numbers in story problems.
- Times
- Multiply
- Find the product
- Multiplying
- Multiply by
- Multiply together
- Multiply with
- Multiply times
- Multiply through
- Multiply out
Multiplication of 3 digits numbers by another three digit numbers
To multiply a 3-digit number by another 3-digit number, you can use the standard algorithm for multiplication. Here’s an example:
Let’s say we want to multiply 345 by 456. We can set it up like this:
345
* 456
———–
2070
1725
1380
———————–
157320
————————-
To solve this problem, we start by multiplying the bottom digit of the second number (6) by each of the digits in the top number (345). Then, we write the result of each multiplication in the corresponding row below the numbers being multiplied. Next, we repeat this process for the next digit of the second number (5), adding the result to the previous row. Finally, we repeat this process for the top digit of the second number (4).
Once we have finished multiplying all the digits, we can add the rows to get the final result, which is 157320 in this case.
Evaluation :
Theory
- What is the product of 345 and 456?
- What is 879 times 654?
- What is the result of multiplying 235 by 741?
- 951 * 832 =
- What is the result of multiplying 624 by 817?
Objectives
- What is the product of 345 and 456? a. 15580 b. 155800 c. 1558000 d. 15580.00
- If the product of A and 654 is 576686, what is the value of A? a. 879 b. 654 c. 576686 d. 878
- What is the result of multiplying 235 by 741? a. 174315 b. 1743150 c. 17431500 d. 174315.00
- If the product of 951 and 832 is 791432, what is the value of 951? a. 791432 b. 832 c. 951 d. 950
- What is the result of multiplying 624 by 817? a. 511188 b. 5111880 c. 51118800 d. 511188.00
- What is the product of 123 and 456? a. 55888 b. 558880 c. 5588800 d. 55888.00
- If the product of D and 321 is 251769, what is the value of D? a. 321 b. 789 c. 251769 d. 788
- What is the result of multiplying 987 by 654? a. 645378 b. 6453780 c. 64537800 d. 645378.00
- If the product of X and 789 is 271565, what is the value of X? a. 271565 b. 345 c. 789 d. 344
- What is the result of multiplying 159 and 258? a. 40862 b. 408620 c. 4086200 d. 40862.00
Multiplication of decimal fractions
A decimal fraction is a way of expressing a number that is between two whole numbers. It is written using a decimal point, which separates the whole number part of the number from the fractional part.
A decimal fraction has its denominator to be ten, one hundred, one thousand and so on based on the number of decimal places that are in that particular decimal number or fraction.
Examples of decimal fractions with their numbers of decimal places are
- 0.75 (two decimal places)
- 0.5 ( one decimal place)
- 12.45 (two decimal places)
- 100.1 (one decimal place)
- 32.13 (two decimal places)
For example, the number 0.75 is a decimal fraction. The “0” is the whole number part of the number, and the “75” is the fractional part. The decimal point separates these two parts.
Decimal fractions are used to represent numbers that are not whole numbers, such as 0.75 (which represents 3/4) or 0.5 (which represents 1/2). They are used in many different applications, including in mathematics, finance, and science.
To write a decimal fraction, we place the whole number part to the left of the decimal point and the fractional part to the right. For example, the number 0.75 is written with the whole number “0” to the left of the decimal point and the fractional part “75” to the right.
Multiplication of Decimal Fractions.
To multiply decimal fractions, you can follow these steps:
Write down the two decimal fractions that you want to multiply.
Multiply the two fractions as if they were whole numbers.
Count the total number of decimal places (the digits to the right of the decimal point) in the two original fractions.
Place the decimal point in the product (the result of the multiplication) so that it has the same number of decimal places as the total number of decimal places in the original fractions.
Here’s an example:
Let’s say we want to multiply 0.75 by 0.25. We can set it up like this:
0.75
* 0.25
——————–
0.1875
———————-
To solve this problem, we first multiply the fractions as if they were whole numbers, which gives us 0.1875. Then, we count the total number of decimal places in the original fractions (2 decimal places in 0.75 and 2 decimal places in 0.25, for a total of 4 decimal places). Finally, we place the decimal point in the product so that it has the same number of decimal places as the total number of decimal places in the original fractions. In this case, we would place the decimal point two places from the right, which gives us the final result of 0.1875.
Evaluation :
Solve the following objective questions on the multiplication of decimals:
- What is the product of 0.45 and 0.6? a. 0.27 b. 0.2700 c. 0.27000 d. 0.270
- If the product of 0.8 and 0.9 is 0.72, what is the value of 0.8? a. 0.8 b. 0.9 c. 0.72 d. 0.81
- What is the result of multiplying 0.3 by 0.05? a. 0.015 b. 0.0015 c. 0.15 d. 0.150
- If the product of 0.25 and 0.4 is 0.1, what is the value of 0.25? a. 0.1 b. 0.4 c. 0.25 d. 0.05
- What is the result of multiplying 0.75 by 0.2? a. 0.15 b. 0.150 c. 0.0015 d. 0.015
- What is the product of 0.6 and 0.25? a. 0.15 b. 0.150 c. 0.0015 d. 0.015
- If the product of B and 0.8 is 0.72, what is the value of B? a. 0.72 b. 0.9 c. 0.8 d. 0.81
- What is the result of multiplying 0.05 by 0.3? a. 0.015 b. 0.0015 c. 0.15 d. 0.150
- If the product of 0.4 and X is 0.1, what is the value of X? a. 0.1 b. 0.4 c. 0.25 d. 0.05
- What is the result of multiplying 0.2 by 0.75? a. 0.15 b. 0.150 c. 0.0015 d. 0.015
Theory
Solve the following problems on multiplication of decimal fractions.
Show all workings neatly and clearly.
- What is the product of 0.45 and 0.6?
- If the product of 0. 4 and B is 0.72, what is the value of B?
- What is the result of multiplying 0.43 by 9.05?
- If the product of 0.25 and D is 0.315, what is the value of D?
- What is the result of multiplying 0.75 by 0.52?
Presentation
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1:
The class teacher revises the previous topics
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
Conclusion
The class teacher wraps up or concludes the lesson by giving out short notes to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.
The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.
He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.
