ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS
Subject:
MATHEMATICS
Fun with Letters: Verbal Reasoning for Primary 2
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Term:
FIRST TERM
Week:
WEEK 2
Class:
PRIMARY 6 / BASIC 6
Topic:
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS
- WHOLE NUMBERS
- DECIMAL FRACTIONS
- REAL LIFE PROBLEMS ON ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS
- QUANTITATIVE REASONING
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Previous lesson:
The pupils have previous knowledge of
Learners are familiar with multiples of numbers and factors of numbers
that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson
Behavioural objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
- Solve simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers
- Add any 4 – 10 digits numbers and write out the answers in words and figures
- Subtract any 4 – 10 digits numbers and write out the answers in words and figures
- Add any decimal fraction and write the answers in words.
- Subtract any decimal fraction and write the answers in words.
- Solve real life problem on addition, subtraction and decimal fractions
- Solve quantitative Reasoning related to addition and subtraction of numbers
Instructional Materials
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
- Cardboard
- Understanding Mathematics Book Six.
- Abacus
- Addition and subtraction charts
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Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
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Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- www.purplemath.com
Content:
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF WHOLE NUMBERS
Addition and subtraction of whole numbers is an important mathematical concept that helps us to solve real-world problems.
In order to add or subtract these numbers, we need to understand the concept of place value. The position of a number in the decimal system determines how we will carry out addition or subtraction. For example, if we are working with 4-digit numbers, the units digit is in the ones place, the tens digit is in the tens place, and so on.
When we are adding or subtracting these numbers, it’s important to keep track of our carrying and borrowing operations. We can do this by using a number line or an addition or subtraction chart.
Some useful tips to keep in mind when working with whole numbers include breaking down larger numbers into smaller ones, using mental math strategies whenever possible, and checking your work regularly to ensure accuracy.
Examples of simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers.
2. Subtraction is the process of removing one number from another to arrive at a final total. For example, subtracting 6 from 10 results in a total of 4.
3. When doing calculations involving addition and subtraction, it is important to keep track of your place value in order to avoid making mistakes. For example, adding 5 and 6 might look like this: 5 + 6 = 11, but if you accidentally add the two numbers in the wrong order (6 + 5), you will get a different result of 11 as well.
4. Another common mistake when doing addition and subtraction calculations is to forget to carry over or borrow numbers as needed. For example, adding 9 + 8 might look like this: 9 + 8 = 17, but if you do not carry the 1 from the tens column over to the ones column, you will get an incorrect result of 8.
5. Finally, it is important to remember that the order in which you perform addition and subtraction calculations can have a big impact on the final result. For example, if you are adding 4 + 7, it is easy to lose track of which number belongs in which place value and make a mistake like this: 4 + 7 = 11, when the correct answer is actually 11. By being careful and following the steps of addition and subtraction carefully, you can avoid making these common mistakes.
More examples of simple sums on addition and subtraction of numbers with bigger numbers like million and billion.
1. Add 5507469 and 4641007.
Solution:
We arrange the given numbers in column and add as follows:
Step 1: Add ones place i.e. 9 + 7 = 16 which is equal to 1 ten + 6 ones
Step 2: Carry 1 ten to the tens column as shown.
Step 3: Add tens place i.e. 6 tens + 0 tens + 1 ten which is equal to 7 tens.
Step 4: Add hundreds place i.e. 4 hundreds + 0 hundred which is equal to 4 hundreds.
Step 5: Add thousands place i.e. 7 thousands + 1 thousand which is equal to 8 thousands.
Step 6: Add ten thousands place i.e. 0 ten thousand + 4 ten thousands which is equal to 4 ten thousands.
Step 7: Add hundred thousands place i.e. 5 hundred thousands + 6 hundred thousands which is equal to 1 million + 1 hundred thousand
Step 8: Carry 1 million to the millions column as shown.
Step 9: Add millions place i.e. 5 millions + 4 millions + 1 million which is equal to 10 millions.
Therefore, the sum of given numbers= 10148476.
2. Add 4167499; 38014 and 3604587.
Solution:
We arrange the given numbers in column and add as follows:
Step 1: Add ones place i.e. 9 + 4 + 7 =20
which is equal to 2 tens 0 ones
Step 2: Carry 2 tens to the ten column as shown.
Step 3: Add tens place i.e. 9 tens + 1 ten + 8 tens plus the carry 2 which is equal to 20 tens as shown. You will write 0 and carry 2 to the hundred column
Step 3: Add hundreds place i.e. 4 hundreds + 0 hundred + 5 hundred plus carry 2 which is equal to 11 under the hundreds column. We will write 1 carry 1.
Step 4: Add thousands place i.e. 7 thousands + 8 thousand + 4 thousands which is equal to 20 thousand plus carry 1 unit.We will write 0 carry 2
Step 5: Add ten thousands place i.e. 6 ten thousand + 3 ten thousand + 0 ten thousand which is equal to 1 tens and carries 1 unit
Step 6: Add hundred thousands place i.e. 1 hundred thousand + 0 hundred thousand which is equal to 6 hundreds plus carry 1 unit equal to 8 hundred of thousand
Step 7 : Finally, add millions place i.e. 4 million + 0 million + 3 million which is equal to 7 million
Therefore, the sum of given numbers= 7810100.
Subtraction is a basic mathematical operation that involves the removal of numbers from other numbers. It is one of the four fundamental operations in mathematics, along with addition, multiplication, and division.
There are two main methods for performing subtraction: borrowing and regrouping. In borrowing, we take a number from the right-hand side of the problem and use it to subtract a number from the left-hand side of the problem. This allows us to perform more complex subtraction operations, such as subtracting large numbers or decimals.
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