Sexually Transmitted Diseases and How to Prevent Them

Lesson Plan on Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and Prevention of HIV/AIDS

Subject: Physical and Health Education
Class: Primary 4
Term: 1
Week: 8
Age: 9-10 years
Topic: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and Prevention of HIV/AIDS
Sub-topic: Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Prevention of HIV/AIDS, Types of Communicable Diseases
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

Define sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and explain how they are transmitted.
Identify the various types of sexually transmitted diseases.
Discuss ways to prevent HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases.
Recognize common communicable diseases and their symptoms.
Understand the importance of hygiene and protection in preventing diseases.

Keywords

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
HIV/AIDS
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Prevention
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Set Induction

Start by asking: “What are some ways we can stay healthy and avoid getting sick?”
Show a picture of a hospital or doctor’s office and ask students what types of diseases might require medical attention.
Introduce the topic of STDs and HIV/AIDS, explaining that some diseases can be spread through sexual contact.

Entry Behavior

Students should be familiar with the concept of communicable diseases, particularly how diseases can spread through contact or sharing items.

Learning Resources and Materials

Flashcards with images and names of different STDs
A projector for video or visual aids
Health Education textbooks
Chart paper for group activities

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have previously learned about general hygiene practices and the importance of staying clean to avoid sickness. Today, they will learn about specific diseases that spread through sexual contact and how to prevent them.

Embedded Core Skills

Health literacy
Communication skills
Critical thinking
Personal responsibility and safety

Learning Materials

Lagos State Scheme of Work
Health Education textbooks

Reference Books

Lagos State Scheme of Work for Physical and Health Education
Health Education: A Guide for Primary Schools

Instructional Materials

Flashcards depicting different STDs and prevention methods
Laptop/Projector for visual presentations
Chart paper to list preventive measures

Content

1. Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

HIV/AIDS: HIV causes AIDS and weakens the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections.
Syphilis: A bacterial infection that begins as a painless sore, usually in the genital area.
Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection that can cause infertility if not treated.
Genital Herpes: A common infection causing genital sores and pain.
Chlamydia: A common infection that may not show any symptoms but can cause serious health issues.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection: A virus that causes warts on different parts of the body, including the genital area.

2. Prevention of HIV/AIDS

Abstain from sex until marriage.
Be faithful in marriage and avoid sex outside of marriage.
Do not share razor blades, clippers, needles, syringes, or other sharp instruments.
Avoid alcohol and drugs, which can lead to poor decision-making.
Cover open wounds to avoid infection.
Do not share personal items like toothbrushes or chewing sticks.

3. Types of Communicable Diseases

Typhoid
Diarrhea
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Chickenpox
Dysentery
Cholera
Measles
Influenza
Mumps
Common Cold

Evaluation Questions

Fill in the blank with the correct option.

HIV causes __________ and weakens the immune system.
a) Chickenpox
b) Syphilis
c) AIDS
d) Gonorrhea
__________ is a bacterial infection that causes painless sores in the genital area.
a) Gonorrhea
b) Chlamydia
c) Syphilis
d) Herpes
One way to prevent HIV/AIDS is to __________.
a) Share needles with others
b) Drink alcohol
c) Abstain from sex until marriage
d) Ignore hygiene
__________ is a common STD that can cause infertility if untreated.
a) HIV/AIDS
b) Gonorrhea
c) Measles
d) Influenza
A common symptom of genital herpes is __________.
a) Rash
b) Sore throat
c) Sores in the genital area
d) Headache
__________ is a virus that causes warts on the skin and genital areas.
a) HIV
b) HPV
c) Gonorrhea
d) Tuberculosis
To prevent HIV/AIDS, you should not __________.
a) Share personal items
b) Use condoms
c) Have unprotected sex
d) Visit the doctor regularly
Which of the following diseases can be spread through sexual contact?
a) Chickenpox
b) Diarrhea
c) Gonorrhea
d) Measles
One way to prevent sexually transmitted diseases is by __________.
a) Sharing needles
b) Avoiding alcohol
c) Drinking unclean water
d) Ignoring hygiene
Which of the following is a bacterial infection that can cause infertility?
a) Typhoid
b) Gonorrhea
c) Chlamydia
d) Tuberculosis
__________ can cause warts in the genital area.
a) HIV
b) HPV
c) Gonorrhea
d) Syphilis
HIV is spread through __________.
a) Food
b) Sexual contact
c) Breathing air
d) Mosquito bites
To protect yourself from STDs, you should __________.
a) Share personal items
b) Use protection during sex
c) Sleep in overcrowded rooms
d) Ignore symptoms
__________ can help prevent the spread of HIV.
a) Abstinence from sex
b) Sharing personal items
c) Smoking
d) Drinking alcohol
A person with __________ may not show symptoms but can still spread the infection.
a) Chlamydia
b) Syphilis
c) Herpes
d) Typhoid

Class Activity Discussion

FAQs with Answers

What is an STD?
- An STD is a sexually transmitted disease passed from one person to another through sexual contact.
What is HIV?
- HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system and can lead to AIDS.
How can you prevent HIV/AIDS?
- Abstain from sex until marriage, use protection, and avoid sharing sharp objects.
Can you get an STD from kissing?
- No, most STDs are spread through sexual contact, not kissing.
What is syphilis?
- Syphilis is a bacterial infection that begins as a painless sore and can be treated with antibiotics.
How do you prevent gonorrhea?
- Avoid unprotected sex and get tested regularly.
What is HPV?
- HPV is a virus that can cause warts on the body and is spread through sexual contact.
What are the symptoms of genital herpes?
- Genital herpes causes painful sores in the genital area.
How do you prevent chlamydia?
- Avoid unprotected sex and get regular screenings.
Can you prevent STDs by using condoms?
- Yes, using condoms can greatly reduce the risk of most STDs.
What is the best way to stay safe from STDs?
- Practice safe sex, get vaccinated, and avoid sharing needles.
Can STDs be treated?
- Some STDs can be treated with medication, but others, like HIV, cannot be cured.
What is gonorrhea?
- Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection that can cause infertility if untreated.
Why is it important to be faithful in a marriage?
- Being faithful helps prevent the spread of STDs and protects your health.
How can you protect yourself from HPV?
- Get vaccinated and use protection during sex.

Teacher’s Activities

Begin by introducing STDs and their prevention.
Explain the types of STDs and how they are transmitted.
Discuss preventive measures for HIV/AIDS and other STDs.
Engage students with questions and examples.
Clarify any misconceptions and answer students’ questions.

Learners’ Activities

Listen and participate in the discussion.
Answer questions from the teacher.
Take notes on prevention measures for STDs.
Discuss ways to stay safe and healthy.

Assessment

Define sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Name two types of STDs.
What should you do before engaging in sexual activity?
How does HIV spread?
What is the best way to avoid STDs?
What does HPV stand for?
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?
How can you protect yourself from chlamydia?
What is the primary way HIV is transmitted?
Why is it important to get vaccinated for certain diseases?

Conclusion

The teacher will go around marking the work, providing feedback on correct answers, and reinforcing the importance of practicing safe behaviors and maintaining hygiene to prevent the spread of STDs and HIV.