First Aid Basics: Stay Safe and Help Others Physical and Health Education Primary 2 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Class: Primary 2

Term: Third Term

Week: 6

Topic: First Aid

Sub-topic: Conditions that require first aid and how to treat them

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

• By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
  • State conditions that require first aid treatment.
  • Describe how to treat common injuries.

Key Words: First aid, cuts, burns, scrapes, nosebleeds.

Entry Behaviour: Pupils have learned about rest and sleep in previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• First aid kit (bandages, gauze, cotton balls, tweezers, antiseptic wipes)
• Pictures of common injuries (cuts, burns, scrapes, bee stings, nosebleeds)
• Reference books (e.g., Lagos State Scheme of Work)

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Discuss the importance of staying safe and how first aid can help when someone is hurt.

Embedded Core Skills: Communication, self-management, safety awareness.

Instructional Materials:

• First aid kit with basic supplies.
• Pictures of common injuries and treatments.

Content:

1. Conditions that require first aid treatment:
   • Cuts: When someone cuts their skin.
   • Burns: When someone touches something hot.
   • Scrapes: When someone scrapes their skin.
   • Nosebleeds: When someone’s nose starts bleeding.
   • Bee stings: When someone is stung by a bee.
2. How to treat these conditions:
   • Cuts:
     • Wash the cut with clean water.
     • Apply a bandage.
   • Burns:
     • Cool the burn with water.
     • Cover it with a clean cloth.
   • Scrapes:
     • Wash the scrape with water.
     • Apply a bandage.
   • Nosebleeds:
     • Sit up and lean forward.
     • Pinch the nose gently.
   • Bee stings:
     • Remove the stinger.
     • Wash the area with soap and water.

Class Activity Discussion to help you understand when and how to give first aid. 😊

1. What is first aid?
   • First aid is the help you give someone who is hurt or sick.
2. When do you need to give first aid?
   • When someone is hurt or not feeling well.
3. What should you do for a cut?
   • Wash it with clean water and put a bandage on it.
4. What should you do if you burn your skin?
   • Run cool water over the burn and cover it with a clean cloth.
5. How do you treat a scrape?
   • Wash it with clean water and put a bandage on it.
6. What do you do if your nose bleeds?
   • Sit up and lean your head forward, then pinch your nose until it stops.
7. What do you do for a bee sting?
   • Remove the stinger, wash the area, and put ice on it.
8. How do you remove a splinter?
   • Use tweezers to gently take it out, then wash the area.
9. How do you treat a bump on the head?
   • Put ice on it and rest.
10. What should you do for a twisted ankle?
    • Rest it, put ice on it, and keep it raised.
11. What is a bruise?
    • A bruise is when you bump into something and your skin turns purple or blue.
12. How do you treat a bruise?
    • Put ice on it to help with the pain.
13. What do you do if you get something in your eye?
    • Rinse your eye with water and ask an adult for help.
14. What should you do if someone is choking?
    • Call for help and ask an adult to do the Heimlich maneuver.
15. What should you do if someone faints?
    • Lay them down and call for help

Evaluation

1. A cut is treated by washing it with ______ water. a) dirty b) clean c) salty d) cold
2. After washing a cut, you should put a ______ on it. a) rock b) leaf c) bandage d) stick
3. If you burn your skin, you should run ______ water over it. a) cold b) hot c) dirty d) soapy
4. After cooling a burn, cover it with a ______ cloth. a) clean b) dirty c) wet d) messy
5. A scrape is treated by washing it with ______ water. a) dirty b) cold c) clean d) soapy
6. When your nose bleeds, you should pinch your ______. a) arm b) leg c) nose d) ear
7. To stop a nosebleed, you should lean your head ______. a) back b) forward c) to the side d) in circles
8. When you get a bee sting, you should put ______ on the sting. a) sugar b) ice c) dirt d) water
9. To remove a splinter, use ______ to gently take it out. a) fingers b) spoon c) tweezers d) a book
10. For a twisted ankle, you should put ______ on it. a) ice b) sand c) hot water d) leaves
11. A bruise is treated by putting ______ on it. a) soap b) ice c) dirt d) salt
12. If you get something in your eye, you should rinse it with ______. a) sand b) salt c) water d) air
13. When someone is choking, you should call for ______. a) an adult b) a child c) a dog d) yourself
14. If someone faints, you should lay them ______. a) sitting b) standing c) down d) running
15. First aid is the help you give someone who is ______. a) hungry b) scared c) hurt d) playing

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic: The previous topic was rest and sleep. Discuss how rest and sleep help the body heal. Rest and Sleep: Stay Healthy and Strong Physical and Health Education Primary 2 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 4

Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic: First aid. Define first aid and explain its importance in helping someone who is hurt.

Step 3: The teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and corrects the pupils when and where necessary:

• Ask students to share what they know about first aid.
• Show pictures of common injuries and ask how they would help treat them.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain the conditions that require first aid treatment.
• Demonstrate how to treat cuts, burns, scrapes, nosebleeds, and bee stings.
• Use the first aid kit to show how to apply bandages and clean wounds.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to the teacher’s explanations.
• Answer questions about first aid.
• Practice treating common injuries with teacher guidance.

Assessment:

• Ask students to explain how to treat different conditions.
• Observe students as they practice first aid techniques.

Ten Evaluation Questions:

1. What is first aid?
2. How do you treat a cut?
3. How do you treat a burn?
4. What should you do if your nose starts to bleed?
5. How do you treat a scrape?
6. What should you do if someone is stung by a bee?
7. What do you need to apply to a cut?
8. Why is it important to wash a wound?
9. How can you keep a burn clean?
10. What should you do if someone faints?

Conclusion: The teacher goes around the classroom to mark students’ work and provide feedback. Remind students that knowing first aid helps them stay safe and help others when needed.