Sewing Processes (Production of an Article ) and Sewing Tools and equipment Home Economics Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 10

Subject: Home Economics

Class: Primary 5

Term: Second Term

Week: 10

Topic: Sewing Processes (Production of an Article) and Sewing Tools and Equipment

Sub-topic: Learning about how to make items like aprons, table covers, belts, arm rests, and headrests, and the tools needed for sewing.

Duration: 1 hour

Behavioural Objectives:

• Students will be able to identify the steps involved in sewing processes.
• Students will recognize different sewing tools and their uses.
• Students will demonstrate basic sewing skills.

Key Words:

• Sewing processes
• Production
• Apron
• Table cover
• Belt
• Arm rest
• Headrest
• Sewing tools
• Equipment

Entry Behaviour: Students should have some basic understanding of sewing and familiarity with common sewing tools like needles, thread, and scissors.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Textbooks: Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 5 Home Economics
• Sewing materials: Fabric, thread, needles, scissors, pins, sewing machine (if available), measuring tape, iron, etc.

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Reviewing what students already know about sewing processes and tools, such as cutting fabric, sewing seams, and using basic tools like needles and thread.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Fine motor skills
• Following instructions
• Problem-solving
• Creativity

Instructional Materials:

• Charts or posters illustrating sewing processes and tools
• Samples of finished sewing projects (aprons, table covers, etc.)
• Visual aids demonstrating how to use sewing tools

Content:

Sewing Processes (Production of an Article):

1. Material Selection: Choose the right fabric, thread, and materials needed.
   • Example: For an apron, you might pick a sturdy cotton fabric and matching thread.
2. Cutting: Cut the fabric into the shapes and sizes you need based on a pattern.
   • Example: Cut rectangles for a table cover or long strips for a belt.
3. Sewing: Join the cut pieces together using sewing techniques like machine sewing or hand stitching.
   • Example: Sew the sides of the apron together to form the main body.
4. Pressing: Iron the finished article to remove wrinkles and make it look neat.
   • Example: Iron the seams of the apron to make them flat and smooth.
5. Finishing: Add final touches like buttons or zippers and check for quality.
   • Example: Sew on pockets for the apron and make sure all stitches are secure.

Sewing Tools and Equipment:

• Sewing machine
• Scissors
• Pins and pin cushion
• Needles
• Measuring tape
• Iron and ironing board
• Thread
• Fabric marker or chalk
• Safety pins
• Seam ripper
• Thimble
• Rotary cutter and mat
• Dressmaking mannequin or tailor’s dummy
• Bobbins
• Presser feet for the sewing machine
• Cutting mat
• Seam gauge
• Fabric glue or fabric adhesive tape

These tools help make sewing easier and more precise!

Uses of Simple Sewing Equipment and Tools (Revision )

Discussion about Sewing Processes and Tools:

1. What materials do I need to sew an apron?
   • You’ll need fabric (like cotton), thread, scissors, pins, and a sewing machine or needle and thread.
2. How do I know what size to cut for a table cover?
   • Measure your table and add extra for overhang. Then, cut your fabric to those measurements.
3. Can I sew a belt by hand?
   • Yes, you can! Use a needle and strong thread to sew the ends of the belt together.
4. What’s the best way to sew on buttons?
   • Use a needle and thread to stitch through the buttonholes and fabric several times for durability.
5. Do I need special tools for knitting or crocheting?
   • Yes, you’ll need knitting needles or a crochet hook, yarn, and a pattern to follow.
6. How do I fix a mistake in my sewing?
   • You can use a seam ripper to carefully remove stitches and start again.
7. Can I use fabric glue instead of sewing?
   • Fabric glue can be used for some projects, but sewing usually provides stronger and longer-lasting results.
8. What’s the purpose of a thimble?
   • A thimble protects your finger while hand sewing by providing a hard surface for pushing the needle through tough fabric.
9. How do I prevent my fabric from fraying?
   • You can use a zigzag stitch on your sewing machine or apply fabric glue along the edges to stop fraying.
10. What’s the difference between hand sewing and machine sewing?
    • Hand sewing is done with a needle and thread by hand, while machine sewing is done with a sewing machine. Machine sewing is usually faster and more precise, but hand sewing can be useful for delicate or detailed work.

Evaluation :

1. What tool is used to cut fabric into shapes and sizes?
   • a) Sewing machine
   • b) Scissors
   • c) Measuring tape
   • d) Thread
2. Which step comes after cutting fabric in sewing?
   • a) Material selection
   • b) Pressing
   • c) Sewing
   • d) Finishing
3. What do you need to sew on a button?
   • a) Glue
   • b) Pins
   • c) Needle and thread
   • d) Scissors
4. Which tool is used to remove stitches?
   • a) Scissors
   • b) Seam ripper
   • c) Needle
   • d) Pins
5. What is used to measure fabric length?
   • a) Scissors
   • b) Thread
   • c) Measuring tape
   • d) Pins
6. How can you make fabric edges neat and smooth?
   • a) Use a thimble
   • b) Iron them
   • c) Cut them
   • d) Glue them
7. Which tool is used to mark fabric for cutting?
   • a) Measuring tape
   • b) Scissors
   • c) Fabric marker
   • d) Thread
8. What helps protect your finger while sewing?
   • a) Needle
   • b) Scissors
   • c) Thimble
   • d) Pins
9. What should you do if you make a mistake while sewing?
   • a) Keep sewing
   • b) Use fabric glue
   • c) Use a seam ripper
   • d) Use more thread
10. What tool is used to hold fabric together temporarily?
    • a) Needle
    • b) Thread
    • c) Pins
    • d) Scissors
11. What do you use to hold extra thread on a sewing machine?
    • a) Bobbins
    • b) Needles
    • c) Scissors
    • d) Pins
12. What can you use to make sure your seams are straight?
    • a) Iron
    • b) Seam gauge
    • c) Fabric glue
    • d) Pins
13. What is used to add extra decorations to fabric?
    • a) Scissors
    • b) Thread
    • c) Buttons
    • d) Measuring tape
14. What can you use to join the ends of a knitted belt?
    • a) Pins
    • b) Glue
    • c) Sewing machine
    • d) Needle and thread
15. What tool is used to cut fabric with precision?
    • a) Scissors
    • b) Rotary cutter
    • c) Measuring tape
    • d) Pins

List the materials needed for making apron

Content:

1. Step 1: Revision
   • The teacher revises the previous topic, which was basic sewing techniques such as threading a needle and sewing simple stitches.
2. Step 2: Introduction of New Topic
   • The teacher introduces the new topic of sewing processes for making articles like aprons, table covers, belts, arm rests, and headrests.
   • The teacher explains the importance of understanding the steps involved in sewing and the tools needed for each task.
3. Step 3: Student Participation
   • The teacher allows the pupils to share their experiences with sewing and ask questions about the new topic.
   • Students are encouraged to discuss the different articles they can make using sewing techniques and suggest ideas for projects.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Facilitate discussions on sewing processes and tools.
• Demonstrate how to use sewing tools and techniques.
• Provide guidance and support as students practice sewing skills.

Learners’ Activities:

• Participate in discussions and ask questions.
• Practice using sewing tools and techniques.
• Collaborate with peers on sewing projects.

Assessment:

• Observation of students’ participation and engagement during discussions and activities.
• Evaluation of students’ ability to follow instructions and use sewing tools correctly.
• Review of completed sewing projects for quality and attention to detail.

Evaluation Questions :

1. What are the steps involved in sewing processes?
2. Name three articles you can make using sewing techniques.
3. What is the purpose of using a measuring tape in sewing?
4. How do you thread a needle?
5. What tool is used to remove stitches?
6. Why is it important to press fabric before sewing?
7. What is the difference between hand sewing and machine sewing?
8. Name two safety precautions to remember when using a sewing machine.
9. How do you finish the edges of fabric to prevent fraying?
10. List three sewing tools and their uses.

Conclusion: The teacher goes around to assess students’ progress and provide feedback on their sewing projects. Students are encouraged to continue practicing their sewing skills at home and explore new sewing techniques and projects.