SYMPTOMS ,TRANSMISSION, EFFECTS, PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE CONTROL OF ANIMAL DISEASES
Subject:
Agricultural Science
Class:
SS 3
Term:
Second Term / 2nd Term
Week:
Week 5 & 6
Topic:
SYMPTOMS ,TRANSMISSION, EFFECTS, PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE CONTROL OF ANIMAL DISEASES
Previous Knowledge: The pupils have previous knowledge of
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT
that was taught in their previous lesson.
Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to
- Define Diseases of animals
- List various types of diseases of animals
- Mention the mode of transmission of these farm diseases
- State the necessary prevention or control of diseases of animals
Instructional Materials
- Wall charts
- Online Resource
- Textbooks
- Laptop
- Crop samples
- Pictures
- Internet
- Flash cards
- www.edudelighttutors.com
Methods of Teaching
- Role modelling
- Questions and Answers
- Explanation
- Discussion
- Recitation
- Imitation
- Story Telling
- Dramatization
WEEK FIVE / SIX
SYMPTOMS ,TRANSMISSION, EFFECTS, PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE CONTROL OF ANIMAL DISEASES
VIRAL DISEASES
CONTENT
- Foot and mouth disease
- Rinderpest diseases
- Newcastle disease
- Fowl pox
- Gumburo disease
| VIRAL DISEASE | ANIMAL AFFECTED | MODE OF TRANSMISSION | SYMPTOMS | CONTROL/PREVENTION |
| FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE | Cattle, Sheep and Goat | contact, air-borne, droplets of saliva, infected materials like urine, faeces. | Formation of blisters (skin vesicle filled with serum, watery animal fluid) on the skin, between and around the hooves, inflammation of teats and udder, salivation, loss of weight. | Isolation of infected animals, burning or burying contaminated materials, timely vaccination. |
| RINDERPEST DISEASE | Cattle, Sheep and Goat | By contact, contaminated feed and water | High fever, weakness, difficult breathing, blood stained diarrhoea, high mortality, loss of appetite. | Timely vaccination, isolation of infected animals, restriction of infected animal movement within the farm. |
| NEWCASTLE DISEASE | Domestic fowl, Turkey, Goose, Ducks and Guinea fowl | Through contaminated feed, water and litter | Sneezing, nasal discharge and difficult breathing. Lack of appetite and diarrhea, Paralysis, somersaulting, twisting of neck, cycling movement | Vaccination, good sanitation, disinfection of poultry building. |
| FOWL POX | Fowl | Through contaminated feeds, water and litter materials | Sores on the combs and wattles | Isolate the infected birds, practice good sanitation measures, apply iodine on the affected parts, adopt routine vaccination |
| GUMBURO DISEASE | Birds | Through faecal, contaminated feeds, water and litter. | Swelling of liver, spleen and kidney. The birds appear dull and sleepy. | Isolate infected birds to maintain good sanitation measure, adopt routine vaccination. |
BACTERIAL DISEASES
CONTENT
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Tuberculosis
- Pullorum Disease
- Fowl Typhoid
- Fowl Cholera
| BACTERIAL DISEASE | ANIMAL AFFECTED | MODE OF TRANSMISSION | SYMPTOMS | CONTROL/PREVENTION |
| ANTHRAX
Bacillus anthraxis |
Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Pig. | Through contaminated feed, water, equipment and infected animals. | High fever, depression, staggering and sudden death of the animal. | No effective drug for the treatment. Regular vaccination, infected animals should be slaughtered and buried, proper sanitation. |
| BRUCELLOSIS (CONTAGIOUS ABORTION) Brucella abortus | Pigs, Cattle, Sheep and Goat. | Contaminated feed, water, contact with infected animals, contact with infected materials such as shoes etc. | Abortion, inflammation of the womb, diarrhoea and dysentery, paralysis, loss of
milk and frequent infertility. |
Sick animals should be isolated and badly infected animals should be killed and
burried. |
| TUBERCULOSIS Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Pigs and poultry birds. | Sputum, droppings, milk of infected Cow, germ inhaled or through
mouth during feeding |
Constant coughing, loss of weight and appetite, infection of liver and udder in
Cows. |
No cure of drug. Animal infected should be killed and buried, good sanitation, isolate suspected
animals. |
| PULLORUM DISEASE | Poultry | Through contamination of feeds, water and litter | Watery droppings that are usually sticky and greenish – white in colour. | Obtain chicks from sources that are disease free, Isolate infected birds, Maintain good sanitation, Treat the infected birds with appropriate antibiotics. |
| FOWL TYPHOID | Fowl | Through contaminated feed, water and litter materials | Yellowish watery droppings, loss of appetite and ruffled appearance. | Routine vaccination, Maintain good sanitation, Treat the infected birds with appropriate antibiotics |
| FOWL CHOLERA | Fowl | Through contaminated feed, water and litter. | Ruffled appearance, thirst due to dehydration, blood-stained yellowish watery droppings and sudden death. | Isolate infected birds,
Maintain good sanitation measures, Practice routine vaccination and treat the infected birds with appropriate antibiotics. |
FUNGAL DISEASES
CONTENT
- Ringworm
- Aspergillosis
| FUNGAL DISEASE | ANIMAL AFFECTED | MODE OF TRANSMISSION | SYMPTOMS | CONTROL/PREVENTION |
| RINGWORM | Cattle Sheep, Goat and Rabbit | Contact with contaminated feeders and water troughs | Lesions (injury, damage, change in texture) in the skin of the animals, irritation
of the skin, loss of appetite and weight. |
Disinfection of pens and equipment, treat affected parts with sulphur ointment. |
| ASPERGILLOSIS Aspergillus fumigates | Poultry birds, pigs, Cattle | Through contaminated feed (mouldy feed), mouldy litter. | Difficult breathing, respiratory disorder, loss of appetite, irritation of skin, high body temperature, loss of weight. | Regular disinfection of the pen and equipment, avoid use of mouldy feed, practice good sanitation and maintain proper hygiene, spray fungicide from time to time to kill fungi spores. |
PROTOZOAN DISEASES
CONTENT
- Trypanosomiasis
- Coccidiosis
- Red water fever (Piroplasmosis)
| PROTOZOAN DISEASE | ANIMAL AFFECTED | MODE OF TRANSMISSION | SYMPTOMS | CONTROL/PREVENTION |
| TRYPANOSOMIASIS | Cattle, Sheep and Goat | Spread by the blood sucking Tse-tse fly which sucks blood from an infected animal and transmit the pathogen to healthy animal. | Rise in body temperature, dullness in appearance, constant sleeping. | Clearing of bush around farm in order to remove the fly’s habitat, spraying with insecticides to kill vector, treatment with drugs such as trypanosomide and antimosan. |
| COCCIDIOSIS Eimera sp | Domestic fowl, duck, goose, turkey, guinea fowl and rabbit | It is spread through faeces, litter, feed, water and contaminated soils. | Dropping wings, loss of appetite, blood stained diarrhoea, emaciation, high mortality, loss of hair/ acopecia (in rabbit) | Proper sanitation, avoid wet litters and feed, change of litter used and general disinfection, use suitable drugs such as amprolium and nitrofurazone in water, treat with coccidiostats. |
| RED WATER FEVER (PIROPLASMOSIS) Babesia sp | Cattle, Sheep, Goat and Pig | It is transmitted through the bite of vector called Blue tick. | Rise in body temperature, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, pale red colour of urine, emaciation and death. | Spray with insecticides to kill vector of disease (blue tick), injection of drugs such as Trypan Blue, Babesan or Phenamidine. |
Presentation :
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1: The class teacher revises the old topic
Step 2: The class teacher introduces the new topic
Step 3: The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and gives room for pupils” participation
Class Teacher and Pupils Activities. Interaction or Participation
This involves class teacher and pupils’ interaction, conversation, imitation or modeling through discussion, play method or just by recitation or asking and answering questions that are related to the topic that has just been taught.
EVALUATION
- Name the causative agent of Newcastle disease
- What are the symptoms?
- How can it be controlled?
- Name 5 viral diseases.
- State the symptoms of fowl pox.
- State the mode of transmission of fowl pox
- List two animals that are affected by rinderpest
- List five bacteria diseases
- List three animals that are affected by brucellosis
- List three fungal diseases
- State the symptoms of ringworm
- What are the symptoms of fowl typhoid.
- List 3 fungal diseases of animals.
- Name 3 animals affected by ringworm.
- State three diseases caused by protozoa.
- What the vector of Piroplasmosis?
- Outline three symptoms of Coccidiosis.
Conclusion :
The class teacher concludes the lesson by giving the pupils some notes on the topic that has just been taught. He goes round to mark and he does the necessary corrections.
