Elements and Principles of Art and Design for JSS 1

Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 1 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Subject: Cultural and Creative Arts
Class: JSS 1
Term: Second Term
Week: 1
Age: 10-12 years
Topic: Principles and Elements of Art and Design
Sub-topic: Understanding the Basics of Art and Design
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define the principles and elements of art and design.
2. Identify and explain the key elements of art.
3. Describe the principles of art and how they are used in design.
4. Give examples of how the principles and elements are applied in artwork.

Keywords

• Art
• Design
• Elements
• Principles
• Composition

Set Induction

The teacher displays different artworks and asks students to describe what they see. The teacher then explains that all artworks are made up of basic elements and principles.

Entry Behaviour

Students are familiar with colors and simple drawings from primary school.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Posters of famous artworks
• Drawing paper and pencils
• Color charts
• Videos or pictures of different art designs

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher asks students to mention some things they have drawn before and discusses the role of colors, lines, and shapes in art.

Embedded Core Skills

• Creativity
• Critical thinking
• Observation
• Communication

Learning Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Art textbooks
• Internet resources on art principles

Instructional Materials

• Chart showing elements and principles of art
• Sample artworks
• Multimedia presentation

Content

Definition of Elements and Principles of Art and Design

Art and design are built on key elements and principles that guide creativity.

Elements of Art

These are the basic components used to create artwork. They include:

1. Line – The path created by a moving point.
2. Shape – A closed space created by lines (e.g., circles, squares).
3. Form – A three-dimensional object (e.g., cubes, spheres).
4. Space – The area between and around objects.
5. Texture – The way a surface feels or looks.
6. Value – The lightness or darkness of a color.
7. Color – The visual perception of different wavelengths of light.

Principles of Art

These are the rules that organize the elements in artwork. They include:

1. Balance – Distribution of elements to create stability.
2. Contrast – Differences between elements (e.g., dark vs light).
3. Emphasis – Making a part of the artwork stand out.
4. Movement – Guiding the viewer’s eye through the artwork.
5. Pattern – Repetition of elements.
6. Rhythm – Creating a sense of motion.
7. Unity – Making all parts of the artwork work together.

Examples of Principles and Elements in Art

1. A painting with different shades of blue (Value).
2. A sculpture made with smooth and rough surfaces (Texture).
3. A symmetrical design in a poster (Balance).
4. A drawing using bright and dark colors (Contrast).
5. A repetitive pattern in fabric design (Pattern).

Evaluation

Fill in the blanks:

1. The building blocks of art are called __________.
   a) Colors
   b) Elements
   c) Lines
   d) Textures
2. The element that refers to how something feels is __________.
   a) Space
   b) Texture
   c) Color
   d) Shape
3. __________ is used to guide the viewer’s eye in an artwork.
   a) Emphasis
   b) Movement
   c) Unity
   d) Balance
4. The lightness or darkness of a color is called __________.
   a) Value
   b) Shape
   c) Line
   d) Form
5. The principle that makes an artwork look complete is __________.
   a) Unity
   b) Contrast
   c) Pattern
   d) Space

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs)

1. What are the basic elements of art?
   • They are Line, Shape, Form, Space, Texture, Value, and Color.
2. What is the importance of balance in design?
   • It creates stability and harmony.
3. How does texture affect an artwork?
   • It makes an artwork feel or look different.
4. Why is contrast important in art?
   • It helps highlight differences and create interest.
5. What does rhythm mean in art?
   • It gives a sense of movement.

Presentation Steps

1. Review of Previous Lesson: The teacher revises the last topic on Drama and Theatre.
2. Introduction of the New Topic: The teacher explains that art is based on principles and elements.
3. Class Discussion: Students share their thoughts on colors, lines, and balance. The teacher corrects and guides them.

Teacher’s Activities

• Explains the topic using charts.
• Shows examples of artwork.
• Encourages student participation.

Learners’ Activities

• Observe and analyze artworks.
• Participate in class discussion.
• Create a simple drawing using the elements.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is the meaning of color in art?
2. List three principles of art.
3. How does movement affect an artwork?
4. What is the role of contrast in design?
5. Mention two examples of balance in design.

Conclusion

The teacher reviews the lesson, marks students’ work, and provides feedback.

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