Understanding Negative Numbers, Integers, and Positive Numbers Primary 5 Mathematics

Negative Numbers

• Definition: Negative numbers are numbers less than zero.
• Example: -1, -5, -10
• Uses: They show temperatures below zero or debts (money owed).
• Visual: Think of a number line with zero in the middle. Negative numbers are on the left side of zero.
  • For example, -3 means 3 steps to the left of 0.

2. Integers

• Definition: Integers are all whole numbers. This includes negative numbers, zero, and positive numbers.
• Example: -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
• Tip: If you can write the number without a fraction or decimal, it is an integer.
• Visual: On a number line, integers are all the dots you see, both on the left and right of zero.

3. Positive Numbers

• Definition: Positive numbers are numbers greater than zero.
• Example: 1, 5, 10
• Uses: They show quantities you have, like 5 apples or 10 pencils.
• Visual: On a number line, positive numbers are on the right side of zero.
  • For example, +4 means 4 steps to the right of 0.

Summary

• Negative Numbers: Left of zero (e.g., -4).
• Integers: All whole numbers (e.g., -2, 0, 3).
• Positive Numbers: Right of zero (e.g., +7).

Remember, the number line helps you see where numbers belong! 🟢

Evaluation

1. A number less than zero is called a ______. a) Positive number b) Zero c) Negative number d) Fraction
2. -5 is an example of a ______ number. a) Positive b) Zero c) Negative d) Fraction
3. The number 0 is an example of an ______. a) Negative number b) Integer c) Positive number d) Fraction
4. Which number is a positive number? a) -3 b) -1 c) 0 d) 4
5. 7 is a ______ number. a) Negative b) Positive c) Zero d) Fraction
6. -10 is located on the ______ side of zero on the number line. a) Left b) Right c) Middle d) Top
7. 3 steps to the right of zero is ______. a) -3 b) 0 c) 3 d) 6
8. ______ is an example of an integer. a) -8 b) 0 c) 5 d) All of the above
9. Which of these is NOT a positive number? a) 9 b) -2 c) 1 d) 7
10. On a number line, positive numbers are on the ______ side of zero. a) Left b) Right c) Below d) Top
11. -4 is an example of a ______ number. a) Positive b) Fraction c) Negative d) Zero
12. The number line has ______ in the middle. a) -1 b) 1 c) 0 d) 5
13. Which number is an integer? a) 2.5 b) -1 c) 1/2 d) 3.7
14. Numbers that are greater than zero are called ______ numbers. a) Negative b) Positive c) Zero d) Even
15. The opposite of -6 on the number line is ______. a) -6 b) 0 c) 6 d) -1

Understanding Equations, Number Lines, and Solving Simple Algebraic Equations in Word Problems

Primary 5 pupils understand negative numbers, integers, and positive numbers better:

1. Q: What are negative numbers?
   • A: Numbers less than zero.
2. Q: Can you give an example of a negative number?
   • A: Yes, -5 is a negative number.
3. Q: What are positive numbers?
   • A: Numbers greater than zero.
4. Q: Can you give an example of a positive number?
   • A: Yes, 3 is a positive number.
5. Q: What are integers?
   • A: Whole numbers that can be positive, negative, or zero.
6. Q: Is zero an integer?
   • A: Yes, zero is an integer.
7. Q: Where are negative numbers on a number line?
   • A: On the left side of zero.
8. Q: Where are positive numbers on a number line?
   • A: On the right side of zero.
9. Q: Is -2 greater than 0?
   • A: No, -2 is less than 0.
10. Q: Is 7 a negative number?
    • A: No, 7 is a positive number.
11. Q: What is the opposite of -4?
    • A: The opposite of -4 is 4.
12. Q: Is -8 an integer?
    • A: Yes, -8 is an integer.
13. Q: What is 3 steps to the right of -2 on a number line?
    • A: 1
14. Q: Are all whole numbers integers?
    • A: Yes, all whole numbers are integers.
15. Q: What is the smallest positive integer?
    • A: The smallest positive integer is 1.

Solving Simple Algebra Equations