Mastering Language: Understanding Suffixes, Nasal Sounds, and Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
Subject: English Grammar
Class: SS 2
Term: Third Term
Week: Week 10
WEEK TEN
TOPIC:
- Structure: Affixation: Suffixes
- Speech Work: Nasal Sounds (/m/ /n/ and /η/)
- Comprehension/Register: Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
Structure: Affixation: Suffixes
Hello SS 2 students! Today we are going to talk about a very important aspect of English grammar known as “affixation”. Specifically, we will focus on suffixes.
A suffix is a type of affix that is added to the end of a word to change its meaning or function. It can change the part of speech of a word, for example, turning a verb into a noun or an adjective into an adverb. Suffixes can also indicate tense, number, or gender.
Let’s take a look at some examples of words with suffixes:
- Happiness – The suffix “-ness” is added to the root word “happy” to form a new word that means the state of being happy.
- Slowly – The suffix “-ly” is added to the root word “slow” to form an adverb that describes how an action is being performed.
- Runner – The suffix “-er” is added to the root word “run” to form a noun that describes a person who runs.
- Happier – The suffix “-er” is added to the root word “happy” to form a new adjective that describes a comparative degree of happiness.
- Cats – The suffix “-s” is added to the root word “cat” to indicate that there is more than one cat.
It also refers to the addition of prefixes, suffixes and infixes to words leading to new words, meaning and word classes.
Examples (verbs)
- verbs+ –ment e.g.
- Enslavement, achievement
- Management, movement
- Development
- verbs + –ion e.g.
- Action
- Conclusion
- Decision
- verbs+ –ation
- organise = organisation
- document = documentation
- mobilize = mobilization
- verb+–age
- marry = marriage
- drain = drainage
- carry = carriage
- verb+ –ist
- type = typist
- separate = separatist
- verb+ –er / -or
- teach = teacher
- debate = debater
- direct = director
- oppress = oppressor
- verb + –ee
- amputate = amputee
- employ = employee
- invite = invitee
- verbs+–ve, ant, -ing
- correct = corrective
- cure = curative
- attend = attendant
- appeal = appellant
- clone = cloning
- house = housing
- verbs +–ry, ery/ ary
- brew =brewery
- refine = refinery
- cook = cookery
- dispense = dispensary
Examples (Adjectives)
- Adjectives+ –ness
- useful = usefulness
- useless = uselessness
- dry = dryness
- conscious = consciousness
- responsive = responsible
- sad = sadness
- ill = illness
- adjective +–ity, hood, -ance/ -ence
-
-
- ethnic – ethnicity
- public – publicity
- false – falsehood
- important = inportnace
- different = difference
-
- Adjectives+–ancy, / -ency
- flippant – flippancy
-
- efficient – efficiency
As you can see from these examples, suffixes are a powerful tool for creating new words and changing the meanings of existing words. By understanding how to use suffixes correctly, you can greatly improve your ability to communicate in English
By adding suffixes to verbs, we can form nouns that describe a person, place, or thing associated with the verb. For example, by adding “-ment” to the verb “enslave,” we get the noun “enslavement,” which describes the act of enslaving. Similarly, by adding “-er” to the verb “teach,” we get the noun “teacher,” which describes a person who teaches.
Suffixes can also be added to verbs to form adjectives that describe a quality or characteristic of the verb. For example, by adding “-ive” to the verb “correct,” we get the adjective “corrective,” which describes something that corrects or is used for correcting. Likewise, by adding “-ing” to the verb “clone,” we get the adjective “cloning,” which describes the process of making a clone.
In addition, suffixes can be used to form new verbs from existing words. For example, by adding “-ate” to the noun “amputee,” we get the verb “amputate,” which describes the act of removing a limb from a person’s body.
EVALUATION
- What is a suffix? A) A type of prefix B) A type of affix that is added to the beginning of a word C) A type of affix that is added to the end of a word D) A type of infix
Answer: C
- What does the suffix “-er” typically do to a word? A) Changes it into a noun B) Changes it into an adjective C) Changes it into a verb D) Changes it into an adverb
Answer: A
- What does the suffix “-ly” typically do to a word? A) Changes it into a noun B) Changes it into an adjective C) Changes it into a verb D) Changes it into an adverb
Answer: D
- What is the purpose of using a suffix in a word? A) To change the meaning of the word B) To make the word longer C) To make the word more difficult to understand D) To make the word rhyme with another word
Answer: A
- Which suffix can be added to a verb to form a noun? A) -ment B) -ful C) -able D) -ly
Answer: A
- What does the suffix “-ive” typically do to a word? A) Changes it into a noun B) Changes it into an adjective C) Changes it into a verb D) Changes it into an adverb
Answer: B
- Which of the following words contains a suffix? A) Sun B) Quick C) Happily D) Run
Answer: C
- Which suffix can be added to a noun to form a verb? A) -ment B) -ful C) -able D) -ify
Answer: D
- What does the suffix “-ish” typically do to a word? A) Makes it negative B) Makes it sound more formal C) Makes it sound more informal D) Makes it sound smaller or less important
Answer: C
- Which of the following words is an example of a word with a suffix that changes the tense of the word? A) Walking B) Happily C) Teacher D) Cookery
Answer: A
READING ASSIGNMENT
Read page 170 and 198 ( spellings ant- iblee.t.c)
Speech Work: Nasal Sounds /m/ /n/ and /η/
Content: Description, Symbols, Examples
/m/
Nasal sounds are sounds that are produced when air flows through the nose and the mouth at the same time. There are three nasal sounds in English, which are the /m/ sound, the /n/ sound, and the /η/ sound.
The /m/ sound is produced by closing your lips together and allowing air to flow out through your nose. For example, the word “mother” starts with the /m/ sound. Try saying “mother” and feel the vibration in your nose.
The /n/ sound is produced by touching the tip of your tongue to the roof of your mouth just behind your teeth and allowing air to flow out through your nose. For example, the word “nose” starts with the /n/ sound. Try saying “nose” and feel the vibration in your nose.
The /η/ sound is produced by lowering your soft palate and allowing air to flow out through your nose while your tongue is in a neutral position. For example, the word “sing” contains the /η/ sound. Try saying “sing” and feel the vibration in your nose.
It’s important to note that nasal sounds can be challenging for non-native speakers because they are not found in all languages. However, with practice, anyone can learn to produce these sounds accurately.
Now that you know what nasal sounds are and how to produce them, it’s important to practice using them in words and sentences to improve your pronunciation. Here are some additional words that contain the /m/, /n/, and /η/ sounds:
/m/ sound: mother, map, make, me, time, ham, jam, palm /n/ sound: nose, no, name, nine, can, pen, man, ten /η/ sound: sing, king, thing, bang, long, strong, hang, pink
| Letters | Words |
| M | Man, mark, cram, comb |
| Mm | Comment, programme |
| Letters | Words |
| M | Man, mark, cram, comb |
| Mm | Comment, programme |
This is a bilabial nasal. Its production involves the coming together of the lips and air goes out through the nasal cavity.
/m/ is a nasal consonant sound in English that is produced by closing your lips together and allowing air to flow out through your nose. The symbol for the /m/ sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a lowercase letter “m”.
Examples of words that contain the /m/ sound include “mother”, “man”, “room”, “time”, “ham”, “jam”, “palm”, and “dream”.
When producing the /m/ sound, the vocal cords vibrate, creating a voiced sound. The sound is then released through the nose, which is why it’s classified as a nasal sound.
To practice producing the /m/ sound, try saying “mmmmm” and feeling the vibration in your lips and nose. Then, try saying words that contain the /m/ sound and paying attention to your mouth and nose position. With practice, you can improve your pronunciation of the /m/ sound and sound like a native speaker
/n/
This is a voiced nasal sound that is produced when the soft palate is lowered to cover the oral cavity and allow air to pass through the nasal cavity. “n” is silent when it occurs after “m” in word- final positions e.g. hymn, damn.
| Letter | Words |
| N | nab, ban, train |
| nn | Beginning, planning |
/n/ is a nasal consonant sound in English that is produced by touching the tip of your tongue to the roof of your mouth just behind your teeth and allowing air to flow out through your nose. The symbol for the /n/ sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a lowercase letter “n”.
Examples of words that contain the /n/ sound include “no”, “name”, “nine”, “can”, “pen”, “man”, “ten”, and “onion”.
When producing the /n/ sound, the vocal cords vibrate, creating a voiced sound. The sound is then released through the nose, which is why it’s classified as a nasal sound.
To practice producing the /n/ sound, try saying “nnnnn” and feeling the vibration in the tip of your tongue and your nose. Then, try saying words that contain the /n/ sound and paying attention to your mouth and nose position. With practice, you can improve your pronunciation of the /n/ sound and sound like a native speaker.
| Sounds | Description | IPA symbol | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| /m/ | A nasal consonant sound produced by closing your lips and allowing air to flow out through your nose. | m | mother, man, room, time, ham, jam, palm, dream |
| /n/ | A nasal consonant sound produced by touching the tip of your tongue to the roof of your mouth and allowing air to flow out through your nose. | n | no, name, nine, can, pen, man, ten, onion |
/η/
This is a voiced alveolar nasal that is produced like /n/ except that the back of the tongue forms a closure with the velum for the production of the /η/. This sound does not occur at the beginning of a word.
| Letters | Words |
| ng | Bang, rang, tongue, singer |
| nk | Thank, bank |
| nq | Conquer, banquet |
| Anx | Anxious, anxiety |
More examples
/m/ /n/ /η/
Balm barn bang
Bomb born long
Some son song
EVALUATION
Choose the word, which contains the given sound .
- /m/ (a) stamp (b) nap (c) bright
- /n/ (a) clan (b) clang (c) climb
- /η/ (a) sting (b) can (c) storm
- What is the IPA symbol for the /m/ sound? A) n B) m C) p D) b
- Which of the following words contains the /n/ sound? A) moon B) map C) mouse D) mat
- How is the /m/ sound produced? A) by touching the tip of the tongue to the roof of the mouth B) by opening the lips and allowing air to flow out C) by closing the lips and allowing air to flow out through the nose D) by closing the lips and allowing air to flow out through the mouth
- Which of the following words contains both the /m/ and /n/ sounds? A) man B) pen C) moon D) none of the above
- What is the common characteristic of the /m/ and /n/ sounds? A) Both are voiced sounds. B) Both are unvoiced sounds. C) Both are fricative sounds. D) Both are plosive sounds.
- Which of the following words does not contain the /n/ sound? A) name B) nine C) cat D) can
- Which of the following words contains the /m/ sound in the middle of the word? A) time B) man C) moon D) none of the above
- What is the main difference between the /m/ and /n/ sounds? A) The tongue touches the roof of the mouth for /m/, but not for /n/. B) The lips are closed for /n/, but not for /m/. C) The /m/ sound is unvoiced, but the /n/ sound is voiced. D) There is no difference between the two sounds.
- Which of the following words is an example of a word that contains both the /m/ and /n/ sounds? A) ham B) pen C) name D) none of the above
- Which of the following words contains the /n/ sound at the end of the word? A) none B) name C) map D) moon
READING ASSIGNMENT
Oral English for Schools Colleges pages 63 – 66
Comprehension/Register: Vocabulary Associated with Transportation pg 160 – 166 Countdown English
Transportation is an essential part of our daily lives. From getting to work or school to traveling to different parts of the world, transportation plays a crucial role in our everyday routine. There are various modes of transportation that we use, each with its unique vocabulary. Let’s explore some of the most common transportation-related vocabulary.
One of the most popular modes of transportation is the car. Cars are used to travel both short and long distances. Some essential car-related vocabulary includes accelerator, brake, clutch, gearshift, steering wheel, and speedometer. Other terms include rearview mirror, side mirror, headlight, taillight, and horn.
Buses are another common mode of transportation. Buses are typically used for public transportation, and they have their unique set of vocabulary. Some of these include bus stop, fare, driver, passenger, aisle, and window. Other essential terms include luggage compartment, bus shelter, route, and timetable.
Trains are another mode of transportation used for both local and long-distance travel. Some of the essential terms associated with trains include platform, station, ticket, conductor, passenger, and luggage rack. Other crucial vocabulary includes track, locomotive, railway, junction, and timetable.
Air travel is another essential mode of transportation used for long-distance travel. Some of the crucial vocabulary associated with air travel includes airport, terminal, gate, flight, boarding pass, passport, and luggage. Other essential terms include departure time, arrival time, air traffic control, turbulence, and altitude.
Boats are used for water transportation and have their unique set of vocabulary. Some of the most common boat-related terms include dock, pier, port, starboard, stern, bow, and hull. Other essential terms include cabin, anchor, lifeboat, sail, and oar.
In conclusion, there are various modes of transportation that we use, each with its unique set of vocabulary. Whether you are traveling by car, bus, train, airplane, or boat, understanding the essential transportation-related vocabulary can make your travel experience more comfortable and enjoyable.
Evaluation
- Which mode of transportation is typically used for public transportation? a) Cars b) Buses c) Trains d) Boats
- Which vocabulary term is NOT associated with cars? a) Steering wheel b) Ticket c) Brake d) Speedometer
- Which mode of transportation is typically used for long-distance travel? a) Cars b) Buses c) Trains d) Airplanes
- What is the term for the place where airplanes take off and land? a) Station b) Dock c) Airport d) Platform
- What is the term for the device used to steer a boat? a) Steering wheel b) Gearshift c) Oar d) Clutch
- Which vocabulary term is associated with air travel? a) Steering wheel b) Taillight c) Boarding pass d) Luggage compartment
- Which mode of transportation typically travels on tracks? a) Cars b) Buses c) Trains d) Boats
- Which vocabulary term is associated with buses? a) Hull b) Fare c) Anchor d) Stern
- What is the term for the person who operates a train? a) Conductor b) Driver c) Passenger d) Pilot
- Which mode of transportation is typically used for water travel? a) Cars b) Buses c) Trains d) Boats
Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
- Ocean liner –a ship used to convey passengers and some cargo across the ocean
- Berth – place for a ship to anchor
- Rudder – a wooden or metal blade at the back of a ship that swings to and fro to control its direction
- Cargo – goods carried by ship, a place or vehicle.
- Speedometer – an instrument in a vehicle for telling its speed
- Chauffeur – a person employed to drive someone’s car
- Commuter – a person who makes regular journey of some distance.
- Freightliner/liner train – a train that carries lare amount of goods in special containers
- Derail – to cause to run off the rails/railway lines
- Terminus – the last stop on a railway.
- Air liner – a large passenger aircraft
- Fuselage – the main body of an aircraft.
- Cockpit – the part of a plane or racing car in which the pilot and co-pilot sit.
- Tarmac/runway – is a way for landing or taking off.
- Terminal – a bus station for passengers going to or arriving from an airport.
- Hangar – a big building (shed) where planes are kept.
- Automobile – A passenger vehicle that typically runs on four wheels and is powered by an internal combustion engine.
- Bus – A large vehicle designed to carry a large number of passengers along a fixed route.
- Train – A series of connected cars or carriages that run on tracks and are used for transporting passengers or goods.
- Airplane – A vehicle with wings and one or more engines designed to fly through the air.
- Boat – A watercraft designed to float, move, and carry passengers or goods on water.
- Bicycle – A vehicle with two wheels that is powered by pedals and is designed to be ridden by one person.
- Motorcycle – A vehicle with two wheels that is powered by an engine and is designed to be ridden by one or two people.
- Scooter – A small, two-wheeled vehicle with a platform for the rider’s feet and a handlebar for steering.
- Truck – A large vehicle designed to carry heavy goods or materials.
- Helicopter – A type of aircraft that is lifted and propelled by rotors above the fuselage, allowing it to take off and land vertically.
- Autobahn – a German term for a high-speed highway or expressway
- Carpool – an arrangement where a group of people share a car to travel together to work or school
- Commuter rail – a train service for passengers traveling between their homes and workplaces in a city or its suburbs
- Cruise ship – a large passenger ship used for vacations, tours or trips on the sea or ocean
- Heliport – a small airport designed for helicopters to take off and land
- Hyperloop – a futuristic high-speed train system that uses magnetic levitation to propel pods through vacuum-sealed tubes
- Pedestrian crossing – a designated area for people to cross a street or road safely
- Ridesharing – a service where individuals use their personal vehicles to provide transportation to others in exchange for payment
- Scooter – a small motorized vehicle with two wheels and a handlebar for steering, typically used for short-distance travel
- Zip line – a cable or rope suspended between two points at different elevations, used for adventure or transportation purposes
- Ferry – a boat used to transport passengers or vehicles across a body of water
- Subway – an underground electric railway system for urban transport
- Taxi – a car used for hire with a driver, especially one that can be booked in advance using a mobile app
- Cruise ship – a large passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, often including entertainment and leisure activities
- Saddle – the seat of a bicycle, motorcycle, or other vehicle
- Siren – a loud, distinctive noise-making device used on emergency vehicles such as police cars, ambulances, or fire engines
- Tram – a rail vehicle used for transporting passengers, typically in urban areas
- Van – a large enclosed vehicle used for transporting goods or people
- Luggage – the bags, suitcases, and other items a person takes with them when they travel
- Navigation – the process of determining a ship, aircraft, or vehicle’s position and course, often using instruments such as maps, compasses, and GPS
EVALUATION
- What is the main body of an aircraft called? a) Fuselage b) Berth c) Rudder d) Terminal
- Which vehicle carries a large amount of goods in special containers? a) Speedometer b) Chauffeur c) Freightliner/liner train d) Cockpit
- What is a person who makes regular journeys of some distance called? a) Cargo b) Derail c) Commuter d) Terminus
- Which part of a ship controls its direction? a) Tarmac/runway b) Hangar c) Rudder d) Terminal
- What is a large passenger aircraft called? a) Air liner b) Ocean liner c) Fuselage d) Berth
- What instrument in a vehicle tells its speed? a) Chauffeur b) Speedometer c) Cockpit d) Derail
- What is a big building where planes are kept called? a) Berth b) Rudder c) Hangar d) Terminal
- Which term refers to goods carried by a ship, a place or a vehicle? a) Cargo b) Commuter c) Terminus d) Fuselage
- What is the last stop on a railway called? a) Tarmac/runway b) Derail c) Terminal d) Speedometer
- What is the part of a plane or racing car where the pilot and co-pilot sit called? a) Fuselage b) Cockpit c) Chauffeur d) Freightliner/liner train
Write out five other words and transportation and use them in sentences.
- Hovercraft – The hovercraft glided smoothly over the water.
- Pedestrian – The city has designated pedestrian lanes for walkers and joggers.
- Scooter – I ride my electric scooter to work every day.
- Tram – The tram is a convenient mode of transportation for locals and tourists alike.
- Segway – He rented a Segway to tour the city and see the sights.
READING ASSIGNMENT
Pg. 160 – 166 Countdown English
GENERAL EVALUATION
Write out five words in which the nasal sounds are silent.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
SECTION A
Choose the words which contain the phonetic sounds below
- /a:/ (a) Plait (b) brand (c) badge (d) balm
- /ŋ/ (a) reign (b) bring (c) strange (d) plunge
- /З:/ (a) chart (b) skirt (c) shell (d) gull
- / dʒ / (a) Garbage (b) ledger (c) measure (d) knowledge
- /∂u/ (a) doll (b) null (c) role (d) hall
Lesson Plan: Affixation, Nasal Sounds, and Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
Class: SS 2 Duration: 60 minutes
Objective:
- Students will be able to identify and understand the use of suffixes in words.
- Students will be able to produce nasal sounds, /m/, /n/, and /η/ in speech.
- Students will be able to recall and use vocabulary associated with transportation in context.
Materials:
Whiteboard, marker, handouts, examples of words with suffixes, audio recordings of nasal sounds, pictures of different transportation modes.
Procedure:
I. Introduction (10 minutes) A. Greet the students and ask if anyone had trouble with affixation, nasal sounds, or vocabulary associated with transportation. B. Introduce the objectives of the lesson.
II. Affixation (20 minutes) A. Explain the concept of affixation and the use of suffixes in words. B. Provide examples of words with suffixes. C. Hand out the handouts with exercises on suffixes for students to complete. D. Go through the exercises with the students.
III. Nasal Sounds (20 minutes) A. Play audio recordings of nasal sounds, /m/, /n/, and /η/ for students to listen to and repeat. B. Explain the correct mouth position for each sound. C. Guide the students in practicing the sounds in words and sentences.
IV. Vocabulary Associated with Transportation (20 minutes) A. Show pictures of different transportation modes and ask students to name them. B. Provide a list of vocabulary associated with transportation for students to learn. C. Use the vocabulary in sentences to help students understand the context of the words. D. Have students practice using the vocabulary in sentences.
V. Conclusion (10 minutes) A. Recap the objectives of the lesson. B. Review the main points of affixation, nasal sounds, and vocabulary associated with transportation. C. Ask students if they have any questions or concerns. D. Assign homework to reinforce what was learned in class.
Assessment: During the lesson, the teacher will assess the students’ understanding of the lesson objectives through their active participation in the exercises and their ability to correctly identify suffixes, produce nasal sounds, and use vocabulary associated with transportation in context. Homework will be given to reinforce and assess the students’ understanding of the lesson material.
Homework:
- Identify five words that use the suffix “-able” and write sentences using those words.
- Record yourself pronouncing the nasal sounds /m/, /n/, and /η/ and listen back to ensure proper mouth position and sound production.
- Write a short paragraph using at least five vocabulary words associated with transportation
Assignment
Structure: Affixation: Suffixes
- What is affixation? a) The process of adding a prefix to a word b) The process of adding a suffix to a word c) The process of adding a root word to another word d) The process of subtracting a syllable from a word
- Which of the following is NOT a suffix? a) -able b) -ful c) -ize d) pre-
- What is the suffix in the word “happiness”? a) -ness b) hap- c) -py d) -nessy
- Which of the following words uses the suffix -ly correctly? a) Quickely b) Fastly c) Slowly d) Bravely
- What does the suffix -ish mean? a) In a manner of b) Full of c) Without d) Tending to
Speech Work: Nasal Sounds (/m/ /n/ and /η/)
- Which of the following words contains the /m/ sound? a) Bin b) Man c) Hen d) Song
- Which of the following words contains the /n/ sound? a) Nap b) Hum c) Men d) Sit
- Which of the following words contains the /η/ sound? a) Run b) Burn c) Man d) Fun
- Which of the following words contains both the /m/ and /n/ sounds? a) Moon b) Hand c) Sun d) Bin
- Which of the following words contains all three nasal sounds (/m/ /n/ and /η/)? a) Month b) Ham c) Ink d) Bring
Comprehension/Register: Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
- What is a berth? a) A ship’s cabin b) A place for a ship to anchor c) A type of cargo ship d) A navigation tool
- What is a speedometer? a) An instrument in a vehicle for telling its speed b) A tool used to measure air pressure in tires c) A device used to navigate in the air d) A type of engine for boats
- What is a commuter? a) A person who travels long distances on foot b) A person who makes regular journeys of some distance c) A type of train d) A vehicle for transporting goods
- What is a fuselage? a) The main body of an aircraft b) The area where pilots sit in a plane c) The part of a car that houses the engine d) The section of a boat that holds cargo
- What is a hangar? a) A big building where planes are kept b) A tool for fixing car engines c) A type of boat d) A place for loading cargo onto a ship
- What is a terminal? a) A bus station for passengers going to or arriving from an airport b) The place where trains switch tracks c) The location where a ship docks d) A type of cargo ship
- What is a rudder? a) A wooden or metal blade at the back of a ship that swings to and fro to control its direction b) The part of a car that holds the wheels c) The part of a plane that holds the engines d) The device that controls the speed of a train
- Which of the following words is a noun formed from the verb “drive” using the suffix “-er”? a) driven b) driver c) driving d) drives
- Which of the following words is a verb formed from the noun “excitement” using the suffix “-ize”? a) excited b) excitement c) exciting d) excite
- Which of the following words is an adjective formed from the noun “music” using the suffix “-al”? a) musical b) musician c) musicology d) musicologist
- Which of the following words is a noun formed from the verb “operate” using the suffix “-tion”? a) operator b) operation c) operational d) operate
- Which of the following words is a verb formed from the noun “beauty” using the suffix “-ify”? a) beautician b) beautify c) beautiful d) beauty
- Which of the following words is an adjective formed from the noun “photograph” using the suffix “-ic”? a) photographic b) photographer c) photography d) photo
- Which of the following words is a noun formed from the verb “arrive” using the suffix “-al”? a) arrival b) arriving c) arrived d) arrive
- Which of the following words is a verb formed from the noun “friend” using the suffix “-ize”? a) friendly b) friend c) friendless d) befriend
- Which of the following words is an adjective formed from the noun “metal” using the suffix “-lic”? a) metallic b) metal c) metalloid d) metallurgy
- Which of the following words is a noun formed from the verb “impress” using the suffix “-ion”? a) impress b) impressed c) impression d) impressive
- Which of the following words contains the nasal sound /m/? a) nest b) run c) mop d) sing
- Which of the following words contains the nasal sound /n/? a) moon b) dad c) sheep d) goat
- Which of the following words contains the nasal sound /η/? a) thing b) wing c) king d) bring
- What is the symbol for the nasal sound /m/? a) / b) // c) [] d) {}
- What is the symbol for the nasal sound /n/? a) / b) // c) [] d) {}
- What is the symbol for the nasal sound /η/? a) / b) // c) [] d) {}
- Which of the following is a type of transportation used for long-distance travel across the ocean? a) train b) plane c) car d) ocean liner
- What is the part of a ship that swings to and fro to control its direction? a) cargo b) rudder c) berth d) speedometer
- What do you call a person employed to drive someone else’s car? a) chauffeur b) commuter c) freightliner d) pilot
- What is the last stop on a railway called? a) runway b) terminal c) hangar d) cockpit
MOCK TEST
Structure: Affixation: Suffixes
- Define the term “suffix” and give an example.
- Explain the function of a suffix in a word.
- What is the difference between a prefix and a suffix?
- Identify the suffix in the following word: “hopeless”.
- What is the meaning of the suffix “-less”?
- Give an example of a word that has the suffix “-ment”.
- How does the suffix “-ful” change the meaning of a word?
- In the word “happiness”, what is the root word and what is the suffix?
- What is the meaning of the suffix “-ist”?
- Identify the suffix in the word “unhappiness”.
Speech Work: Nasal Sounds (/m/ /n/ and /η/)
- Define the term “nasal sound” and give an example.
- Explain how the sounds /m/, /n/, and /η/ are produced.
- What is the difference between a nasal sound and an oral sound?
- Give an example of a word that begins with the sound /m/.
- What is the difference between the sounds /n/ and /ŋ/?
- Give an example of a word that ends with the sound /n/.
- How does the placement of the tongue differ between the sounds /n/ and /l/?
- What is the difference between the sounds /m/ and /b/?
- Give an example of a word that contains the sound /η/.
- Explain how the sound /η/ is produced.
Comprehension/Register: Vocabulary Associated with Transportation
- What is an ocean liner?
- Explain the function of a rudder on a ship.
- What is the difference between a commuter and a tourist?
- Give an example of a cargo that might be transported by ship.
- What is a terminal in the context of transportation?
- Define the term “runway” and give an example.
- Explain the function of a speedometer in a vehicle.
- What is the difference between an air liner and a private jet?
- Give an example of a vehicle that might be used for freight transportation.
- What is the role of a hangar in aviation?
