Understanding Sickness, Illness, and Disease: A Guide for Primary 5 Students Physical and Health Education Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Physical and Health Education
Class: Primary 5
Term: Third Term
Week: 6
Topic: Understanding Sickness and Illness

Sub-topic: Exploring the Meaning and Prevention

Duration: 45 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

1. Students will understand the difference between sickness and illness.
2. Students will recognize the importance of preventing sickness and diseases.
3. Students will be able to identify key strategies for maintaining good health.

Key Vocabulary Words:

• Disease
• Pathogens
• Sickness
• Illness
• Contagious
• Hygiene

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Visual aids (pictures of pathogens, healthy foods, hygiene practices)
• Handouts on preventive measures

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Begin by asking students if they have ever felt sick or ill and how they dealt with it.
• Connect with previous lessons on nutrition and hygiene, emphasizing their role in preventing sickness and illness.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Communication
• Critical thinking
• Problem-solving

Learning Materials:

• Handouts on the six classes of food and hygiene practices
• Pictures illustrating sickness, illness, and preventive measures

Content:

MEANING OF SICKNESS AND ILLNESS

Disease:

• Impairment of health or abnormal functioning.
• Caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms.

Sickness:

• State when the body feels uncomfortable or unsound.
• Can involve physical or emotional disturbance.

Prevention of Sickness:

• Eat balanced diet with all six food classes.
• Maintain good hygiene practices.

Illness:

• Period of being unwell due to disease.
• Contagious illnesses can spread from person to person.

Seeking Medical Help:

• Visit a doctor when feeling sick for diagnosis and treatment.
• Use medication prescribed by the doctor for recovery.

Example:

• If you have a fever, headache, or stomach ache, you might be sick.
• Washing hands regularly can prevent sickness by removing germs.

Emoji: 🤒💊🚑

Class Activity Discussion

1. What is a disease?
   • A disease is when the body doesn’t work normally and causes health problems.
2. What are pathogens?
   • Pathogens are tiny things like viruses or bacteria that can make us sick.
3. What does sickness mean?
   • Sickness is when our bodies feel uncomfortable or not well.
4. Why should someone see a doctor when they are sick?
   • To find out what’s wrong and get the right medicine to feel better.
5. How can we prevent sickness?
   • By eating healthy foods and keeping clean.
6. What is illness?
   • Illness is when we feel unwell because of a disease, and it can spread if it’s contagious.
7. Why is it important to eat a balanced diet?
   • Eating different types of healthy food keeps us strong and less likely to get sick.
8. What should we do to stay healthy?
   • Besides eating well, we should also wash our hands often to avoid getting sick.
9. Can illness be passed from one person to another?
   • Yes, if it’s contagious, like a cold or the flu.
10. What can we do if we feel sick?
    • See a doctor, take the medicine they give us, and rest until we feel better.
11. What happens when we’re physically disturbed?
    • Our bodies may feel weak or not as strong as usual.
12. Why do we need to maintain good hygiene?
    • So we don’t get germs on our hands or body that can make us sick.
13. How can we tell if someone is emotionally disturbed?
    • They might seem sad or upset.
14. What’s the difference between illness and sickness?
    • Illness is when we feel unwell because of a disease, while sickness is just a general feeling of being unwell.
15. What should we do if we’re unsure about our health?
    • It’s always best to talk to a grown-up or a doctor who can help us feel better.

Evaluation

1. A disease is an impairment of health or abnormal __________. a) eating b) functioning c) sleeping d) exercising
2. Pathogens are agents that produce __________. a) health b) sickness c) happiness d) sadness
3. Sickness refers to a state when the body feels __________. a) comfortable b) unsound c) active d) sleepy
4. When one is emotionally disturbed, they may experience __________. a) happiness b) sadness c) excitement d) energy
5. Seeking medical help when sick involves visiting a __________. a) teacher b) doctor c) friend d) neighbor
6. Prevention of sickness involves eating a balanced __________. a) dessert b) diet c) breakfast d) snack
7. Illness refers to the length of time of being __________. a) well b) sick c) happy d) sad
8. Contagious illnesses can spread from person to __________. a) animal b) plant c) environment d) person
9. To prevent sickness, one must maintain good __________. a) hygiene b) sleeping habits c) exercise routines d) eating habits
10. When feeling sick, it’s important to use medication recommended by __________. a) a friend b) a neighbor c) a doctor d) a teacher
11. An impairment of health or abnormal functioning is known as __________. a) wellness b) illness c) disease d) fitness
12. Sickness can result in both physical and __________ disturbances. a) emotional b) intellectual c) social d) spiritual
13. Pathogens such as viruses and bacteria are examples of __________. a) healthy agents b) disease-causing agents c) energy boosters d) immune system boosters
14. When a person is physically disturbed, they may experience __________. a) energy b) weakness c) strength d) happiness
15. Illness can be transmitted from one person to another if it’s __________. a) contagious b) rare c) curable d) preventable

1. Introduction (5 minutes):
   • Recap previous lessons on nutrition and hygiene.
   • Introduce the topic of sickness and illness, explaining the difference between the two.
2. Definition and Discussion (10 minutes):
   • Define disease, pathogens, sickness, and illness using simple language.
   • Discuss examples of common diseases and how they can make us feel sick.
3. Prevention Strategies (15 minutes):
   • Present preventive measures such as eating a balanced diet and maintaining good hygiene.
   • Explain the importance of each preventive strategy in simple terms.
4. Group Activity: Preventing Sickness (10 minutes):
   • Divide students into groups and provide scenarios related to sickness and illness.
   • Ask each group to come up with preventive measures for the given scenario.
5. Review and Assessment (5 minutes):
   • Review key points discussed during the lesson.
   • Assess students’ understanding through oral questions and discussion.

Presentation:

• Use visual aids and examples to engage students.
• Encourage active participation through questions and group activities.

Step 1: Begin by revising the previous lesson on nutrition and hygiene, emphasizing their importance in maintaining good health.

Step 2: Introduce the new topic of sickness and illness, defining key terms and explaining their significance.

Step 3: Allow students to share their experiences with sickness and discuss preventive measures they are familiar with.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Facilitate discussions and group activities.
• Provide examples and explanations using simple language.
• Monitor students’ participation and understanding.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to the teacher’s explanations and ask questions when unsure.
• Participate in group activities and discussions.
• Share personal experiences related to sickness and illness.

Assessment:

• Evaluate students’ understanding through oral questions and group activities.
• Assess students’ ability to identify preventive measures for different scenarios.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the difference between sickness and illness?
2. Define the term “pathogens.”
3. Name two examples of diseases caused by pathogens.
4. How can we prevent sickness and diseases?
5. Why is it important to eat a balanced diet?
6. Explain the meaning of illness.
7. Give an example of a contagious disease.
8. What are some hygiene practices that can prevent illness?
9. How can we maintain good health?
10. Describe a scenario where preventive measures are important for avoiding sickness.

Conclusion:

• Review key points discussed during the lesson.
• Provide feedback on students’ participation and understanding.
• Emphasize the importance of applying preventive measures in daily life to stay healthy.

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