Mastering Adverbs: Understanding How, When, and How Often Actions Happen English Grammar JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Lesson Note on Adverbs: Definition, Identification, and Types

Subject: English Grammar
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 11–12 years
Topic: Adverbs: Definition, Identification, and Types
Sub-topic: Adverbs of Manner and Frequency
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define what an adverb is.
2. Identify different types of adverbs.
3. Use adverbs of manner and frequency in sentences correctly.
4. Differentiate between adverbs of manner and frequency.
5. Construct sentences with appropriate adverbs of manner and frequency.

Keywords:

• Adverb
• Manner
• Frequency
• Time
• Degree

Set Induction:

The teacher will ask students how often they perform daily tasks like brushing their teeth or how they perform actions such as running or writing. This will lead to introducing the types of adverbs.

Entry Behaviour:

Students are familiar with basic sentence structures but may not be fully aware of how adverbs function in sentences.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with examples of adverbs
• Sentence strips with blanks for inserting adverbs
• Chalkboard/Whiteboard for sentence construction

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have previously learned about verbs and how they describe actions. The teacher will connect this knowledge to adverbs, explaining that adverbs provide more information about these actions.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Sentence construction
• Communication skills

Learning Materials:

• Examples of adverbs used in stories or dialogues
• Audio clips of conversations demonstrating different adverbs

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• New Oxford English Grammar for Junior Secondary Schools, JSS 1

Instructional Materials:

• Flashcards with adverbs of manner and frequency
• Charts showing different types of adverbs

Content:

1. Definition of Adverb:

An adverb is a word that tells us more about an action. It describes where, when, why, how often, or to what degree an action is performed.

2. Types of Adverbs:

• Adverbs of Time: They tell us when an action happens.
  Examples: suddenly, immediately, soon, after, when.
  • Suddenly: Happens without warning.
  • Immediately: Happens without delay.
  • Soon: Happens after a short time.
  • After a time: Later on, but we don’t know how much time has passed.
• Adverbs of Frequency: They tell us how often something happens.
  Examples: always, never, seldom, sometimes, usually, often, frequently, occasionally, rarely, normally.
  • Always: Every time.
  • Sometimes: Occasionally.
  • Never: Not at all.
  • Usually: Most of the time.
  • Often: Many times.

Examples of Adverbs of Frequency in Sentences:

• The weather is usually hot in March.
• I never arrive late for class.
• It sometimes rains in January.
• We normally play musical instruments.
• Adverbs of Manner: They tell us how an action is done.
  Examples: quickly, slowly, fast, hurriedly, loudly.
  • Quickly: Done with speed.
  • Slowly: Done at a slow pace.
  • Hurriedly: Done in a rush.
  • Loudly: Done with a lot of noise.

Examples of Adverbs of Manner in Sentences:

• He ran quickly.
• She walked slowly.
• They sang loudly.
• She ate her food hurriedly.

Evaluation (15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions with Options):

1. An adverb tells us more about an ____.
   a) adjective
   b) action
   c) noun
   d) object
2. The adverb in the sentence “She walked slowly” is ____.
   a) walked
   b) she
   c) slowly
   d) sentence
3. Adverbs of frequency tell us ____.
   a) where
   b) when
   c) how often
   d) how
4. The adverb of frequency in “I always go to the house” is ____.
   a) go
   b) house
   c) always
   d) I
5. The adverb in the sentence “He ran quickly” is ____.
   a) ran
   b) he
   c) quickly
   d) sentence
6. Which of these is an adverb of manner?
   a) always
   b) soon
   c) quickly
   d) often
7. Adverbs of manner tell us ____.
   a) how often
   b) when
   c) how
   d) why
8. The adverb of frequency in “I sometimes arrive late” is ____.
   a) arrive
   b) late
   c) sometimes
   d) I
9. Adverbs of manner usually come after ____.
   a) nouns
   b) adjectives
   c) verbs
   d) subjects
10. The word seldom is an adverb of ____.
    a) place
    b) manner
    c) time
    d) frequency

Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs with Answers):

1. What is an adverb?
   An adverb is a word that tells us more about an action.
2. How do adverbs of time help us?
   They tell us when something happens.
3. What is an example of an adverb of time?
   Immediately is an example.
4. What do adverbs of frequency tell us?
   They tell us how often an action is performed.
5. Give an example of an adverb of frequency.
   Always is an example of an adverb of frequency.
6. Where do adverbs of manner usually appear in a sentence?
   They usually come after the verb.
7. What is an adverb of manner?
   It tells us how an action is done.
8. What is an example of an adverb of manner?
   Quickly is an example of an adverb of manner.
9. Which adverb of frequency means not at all?
   Never means not at all.
10. Can an adverb of frequency come before a verb?
    Yes, except when the verb is am, is, are, was, or were.
11. What is the meaning of seldom?
    Seldom means not often.
12. How does sometimes differ from always?
    Sometimes means occasionally, while always means every time.
13. Can adverbs of manner describe speed?
    Yes, they can describe speed, like quickly.
14. Where do adverbs of frequency usually appear in a sentence?
    Before the main verb, unless the verb is am, is, are, was, or were.
15. What is the function of adverbs of time?
    They tell us when an action happens.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic on verbs, focusing on how actions are described.

Step 2: The teacher introduces the definition of adverbs, explaining how they give more details about actions. The teacher then explains the two types of adverbs for this lesson: adverbs of manner and adverbs of frequency.

Step 3: The teacher writes examples of adverbs of manner and frequency on the board and guides students in constructing sentences using these adverbs.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain the definition and types of adverbs.
• Provide examples of adverbs of manner and frequency.
• Guide students in constructing sentences using adverbs.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to the teacher’s explanations.
• Identify adverbs in sample sentences.
• Construct sentences using adverbs of manner and frequency.

Evaluation Questions (10 Short-Answer Questions):

1. What is an adverb?
2. Give two examples of adverbs of frequency.
3. How do adverbs of manner help in sentences?
4. Provide one example of an adverb of manner.
5. Where does an adverb of manner appear in a sentence?
6. How do adverbs of frequency differ from adverbs of manner?
7. What does the adverb quickly describe?
8. Does sometimes mean always or occasionally?
9. Where does an adverb of frequency appear if the verb is is?
10. Give an example of an adverb of time.

Conclusion:

The teacher will review the lesson by asking students to give examples of adverbs of manner and frequency. The teacher will then correct any mistakes in pronunciation or sentence construction before marking the students’ work.