Understanding Adverbs of Cause and Reason English Grammar JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes

Evaluation Questions (Fill-in-the-Blank)

1. Krishna was ______ neglected by the teachers. (a) thus (b) hence (c) therefore (d) consequently
2. She ______ opened the door applying little visible force. (a) hence (b) therefore (c) thus (d) consequently
3. He, ______, does not want to talk to me. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) as a result
4. The teacher is ill and ______ is unable to come to school. (a) thus (b) hence (c) consequently (d) therefore
5. The project failed; ______, the team lost the contract. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) consequently
6. She studied hard; ______, she passed the exam. (a) hence (b) therefore (c) as a result (d) thus
7. The roads were blocked; ______, we were late. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) consequently
8. He was tired, and ______, he went to bed early. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) as a result
9. The meeting was canceled; ______, we rescheduled. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) consequently
10. The weather was bad, and ______, the event was postponed. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) consequently
11. She did not study; ______, she failed the test. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) as a result
12. The traffic was heavy; ______, we took a different route. (a) hence (b) therefore (c) thus (d) consequently
13. He forgot his umbrella; ______, he got wet. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) as a result
14. She was sick; ______, she missed school. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) consequently
15. The deadline was approaching; ______, they worked overtime. (a) hence (b) thus (c) therefore (d) as a result

Class Activity Discussion: FAQs with Answers

1. What are adverbs of cause and reason?
   • They are adverbs that explain why something happens or the purpose behind an action.
2. Can you give examples of adverbs of cause and reason?
   • Yes, examples include hence, thus, therefore, and consequently.
3. How do adverbs of cause and reason function in a sentence?
   • They provide explanations for actions, answering questions like “Why did this happen?”
4. Are adverbs of cause and reason the same as regular adverbs?
   • No, they specifically focus on explaining reasons or causes, while regular adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
5. Can you use more than one adverb of cause in a sentence?
   • Yes, multiple adverbs can be used to reinforce the reason behind an action.
6. What is the difference between “therefore” and “thus”?
   • Both indicate a consequence, but therefore is often used in more formal contexts, while thus can imply a more immediate result.
7. How can I practice using adverbs of cause and reason?
   • Try writing sentences that explain actions using different adverbs of cause and reason.
8. Are adverbs of cause always at the beginning of a sentence?
   • No, they can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence, depending on what you want to emphasize.
9. What is an example of using “as a result” in a sentence?
   • “She didn’t eat breakfast; as a result, she felt hungry by noon.”
10. How do adverbs of cause improve writing?
    • They provide clarity and context, helping readers understand the motivations behind actions.
11. Can I use adverbs of cause in both formal and informal writing?
    • Yes, they can be used in both contexts, but the choice of adverb may vary depending on the tone.
12. How do I know when to use these adverbs?
    • Use them when you want to explain why an action occurs or what caused an event.
13. Can adverbs of cause be used to begin a sentence?
    • Yes, for example, “Thus, we decided to change our plans.”
14. What effect do adverbs of cause have on the reader?
    • They enhance understanding by linking actions to their reasons, making the text more cohesive.
15. Are there synonyms for adverbs of cause?
    • Yes, synonyms include because, for this reason, and on account of, though these are typically used in different grammatical forms.

Teacher’s Activities:

1. Introduce the topic by explaining adverbs of cause and reason.
2. Provide clear examples and highlight their usage in sentences.
3. Engage students in identifying adverbs of cause in sample sentences.
4. Facilitate group discussions for students to share their sentences using adverbs of cause.
5. Summarize the lesson and clarify any misunderstandings.

Learners’ Activities:

1. Participate actively in discussions and ask questions.
2. Complete worksheets that require identifying and using adverbs of cause and reason.
3. Work in pairs or small groups to create sentences using the adverbs discussed.
4. Present their sentences to the class and explain the use of adverbs of cause.

Assessment:

Evaluation Questions

1. Define adverbs of cause and reason and provide examples.
2. Write a sentence using at least one adverb of cause.
3. Identify adverbs of cause in the sentence: “He was late; hence, he missed the bus.”
4. Explain how adverbs of cause enhance writing.
5. Create a short paragraph using at least three different adverbs of cause or reason.

Conclusion:

The teacher will review the key points of the lesson, answer any final questions, and provide feedback on students’ activities and understanding of adverbs of cause and reason. This lesson plan is designed to deepen students’ understanding of adverbs, particularly those that explain causes and reasons, thereby enhancing their overall language skills