Hand Tools in Woodwork: Identification, Care, and Use

Woodwork Lesson Note for SS1 – First Term, Week 3

Topic: Hand Tools
Sub-Topics:

1. Identification and Classification of Hand Tools
2. Care and Maintenance of Hand Tools
3. Techniques for Using Hand Tools

Subject: Woodwork
Class: SS1
Term: First Term
Week: 3
Age: 14-16 years
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify and classify different hand tools used in woodwork.
2. Explain how to care for and maintain hand tools.
3. Demonstrate correct techniques for using hand tools.
4. Sketch basic hand tools.
5. Select appropriate tools for specific woodwork tasks.

Keywords: Hand tools, Classification, Maintenance, Techniques, Sketching

Set Induction

The teacher displays different hand tools and asks students to identify the ones they know. The teacher then demonstrates how to use a chisel, capturing the students’ interest.

Entry Behavior:
Students have seen or used basic tools like hammers, screwdrivers, or pliers at home.

Learning Resources and Materials:

1. Different hand tools (e.g., saws, chisels, hammers, planes).
2. Sketch pads and pencils.
3. Charts or diagrams showing hand tools.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
Students discuss their prior experiences using basic tools and their purpose.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical Thinking
• Creativity
• Practical Problem-Solving
• Communication

Reference Materials:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Woodwork Textbooks

Content

1. Identification and Classification of Hand Tools

Hand tools are essential for woodworking and are classified based on their functions:

1. Cutting Tools: Tools used to cut wood, e.g., saws, chisels, and knives.
2. Striking Tools: Tools used for hammering or driving nails, e.g., hammers and mallets.
3. Holding Tools: Tools that hold wood in place, e.g., clamps and vices.
4. Measuring and Marking Tools: Tools used for accuracy, e.g., rulers, tape measures, and marking gauges.

2. Care and Maintenance of Hand Tools

Proper care and maintenance of hand tools ensure their longevity and efficiency.

Maintenance Tips:

• Clean tools after use to remove dirt and sawdust.
• Store tools in a dry place to prevent rusting.
• Sharpen cutting tools regularly to maintain effectiveness.
• Apply oil to metal parts to prevent rust.
• Replace worn or broken parts, such as handles or blades.

Examples:

• A rusty saw should be cleaned with sandpaper and oiled to improve performance.
• Blunt chisels can be sharpened using a sharpening stone.

3. Techniques for Using Hand Tools

Using tools correctly improves accuracy and safety.

Correct Techniques:

• Always hold the tool firmly with a steady grip.
• Use the right tool for the job, e.g., a chisel for carving and a hammer for driving nails.
• Keep hands away from the cutting edge or striking area.
• Use a stable work surface to prevent slipping.

4. Sketching Hand Tools

Students should practice sketching basic hand tools, such as a saw, hammer, or chisel, to enhance their familiarity and visualization skills.

5. Selecting Tools for Specific Jobs

Choosing the right tool is crucial for efficiency and precision.

• For cutting wood: Use a saw.
• For smoothing surfaces: Use a plane.
• For driving nails: Use a hammer.

Objective Questions

1. Hand tools are classified based on their __________.
   a) size
   b) color
   c) functions
   d) cost
2. A tool used for driving nails is called a __________.
   a) plane
   b) hammer
   c) chisel
   d) saw
3. A chisel is an example of a __________ tool.
   a) cutting
   b) holding
   c) marking
   d) striking
4. Tools should be stored in a __________ to prevent rust.
   a) damp area
   b) dry place
   c) plastic bag
   d) open field
5. Rusty tools can be maintained by __________.
   a) soaking in water
   b) applying oil
   c) painting
   d) freezing
6. A measuring tape is an example of a __________ tool.
   a) cutting
   b) holding
   c) marking
   d) measuring
7. __________ is used for carving wood.
   a) A chisel
   b) A hammer
   c) A saw
   d) A clamp
8. Tools should be __________ after use.
   a) sharpened
   b) cleaned
   c) replaced
   d) hidden
9. Sharpening stones are used to __________.
   a) store tools
   b) clean tools
   c) sharpen cutting tools
   d) apply oil
10. Clamps are classified as __________ tools.
    a) cutting
    b) striking
    c) holding
    d) measuring
11. A plane is used for __________.
    a) carving
    b) smoothing surfaces
    c) measuring
    d) holding wood
12. __________ protects tools from rusting.
    a) Water
    b) Oil
    c) Sandpaper
    d) Wood
13. A marking gauge is used to __________.
    a) hold wood
    b) measure length
    c) mark out lines
    d) drive nails
14. When using a chisel, the cutting edge should face __________.
    a) your hand
    b) the wood
    c) the floor
    d) upwards
15. A broken handle of a tool should be __________.
    a) ignored
    b) replaced
    c) painted
    d) cleaned

Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs with Answers)

1. What are hand tools?
   Tools operated manually without power.
2. How are hand tools classified?
   Based on their functions: cutting, striking, holding, measuring, and marking tools.
3. Give three examples of cutting tools.
   Saws, chisels, and knives.
4. What are striking tools used for?
   Driving nails or breaking objects.
5. What is the purpose of measuring tools?
   To ensure accuracy in dimensions.
6. How can rust on tools be prevented?
   By storing them in dry places and applying oil.
7. Why should tools be cleaned after use?
   To remove dirt and maintain efficiency.
8. What is the correct way to use a chisel?
   Hold it firmly and direct the cutting edge towards the wood.
9. What is the use of a clamp?
   To hold wood firmly in place.
10. How should blunt tools be maintained?
    By sharpening them using a sharpening stone.
11. Why is tool maintenance important?
    To ensure tools function properly and last longer.
12. What is the consequence of using the wrong tool?
    It may damage the tool or the material being worked on.
13. Why is sketching tools important?
    It enhances familiarity with their shapes and uses.
14. How should sharp tools be carried?
    In a toolbox or securely held, never in pockets.
15. What happens if tools are not maintained?
    They become inefficient and may cause accidents.

Evaluation Questions

1. Define hand tools.
2. Classify hand tools and give one example of each.
3. State three ways to care for hand tools.
4. Why should tools be stored in a dry place?
5. Mention two striking tools.
6. Explain how to maintain cutting tools.
7. Describe the correct method of using a saw.
8. Why is tool maintenance important in a workshop?
9. Sketch a hammer and label its parts.
10. List two tools used for measuring and marking.

Conclusion

The teacher summarizes the lesson, emphasizing the importance of proper tool identification, care, and correct usage techniques.

Learn about the classification, care, and proper usage of hand tools in this detailed SS1 Woodwork lesson. Includes safety tips and practical applications.