Pronouns : Meaning, Types and Identification of Pronouns English Grammar JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 2

English Grammar JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes

Subject: Grammar
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 2
Age: 10-12 years
Topic: Pronouns
Sub-topic:

1. Meaning and Identification
2. Types of Pronouns
   Duration: 40 Minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define what pronouns are and identify them in sentences.
2. List and explain different types of pronouns.
3. Use pronouns correctly in sentences.

Keywords:

• Pronoun
• Personal Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns
• Demonstrative Pronouns
• Reflexive Pronouns

Set Induction:

The teacher will ask students to replace some nouns with pronouns in sample sentences to introduce the concept.

Entry Behaviour:

Students are familiar with basic sentence structure and parts of speech.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Pronoun charts
• Example sentences
• Flashcards with pronouns

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have learned about nouns and their function in sentences, which will help them understand pronouns and their role in replacing nouns.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Grammar
• Sentence structure
• Reading and writing

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• English Grammar textbooks for JSS 1

Instructional Materials:

• Pronoun charts
• Flashcards with pronouns
• Example sentences

Content:

1. Meaning and Identification

• Definition: Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns in a sentence.
• Identification: Pronouns can be identified by their role in replacing a noun to avoid repetition.

2. Types of Pronouns

• Personal Pronouns: Represent specific people or things. Examples: I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
• Possessive Pronouns: Show ownership. Examples: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.
• Demonstrative Pronouns: Point to specific things. Examples: this, that, these, those.
• Reflexive Pronouns: Refer back to the subject of the sentence. Examples: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
• Interrogative Pronouns: Used to ask questions. Examples: who, whom, whose, which, what.
• Relative Pronouns: Connect clauses or sentences. Examples: who, whom, whose, which, that.

15 Fill-in-the-blank Questions:

1. The word “____” can replace a specific noun in a sentence.
   a) Dog
   b) Pronoun
   c) Car
   d) Book
2. “She” is an example of a ____ pronoun.
   a) Demonstrative
   b) Reflexive
   c) Personal
   d) Possessive
3. The pronoun “hers” is a ____ pronoun.
   a) Possessive
   b) Personal
   c) Demonstrative
   d) Reflexive
4. “This” and “those” are examples of ____ pronouns.
   a) Possessive
   b) Demonstrative
   c) Reflexive
   d) Personal
5. “Myself” is an example of a ____ pronoun.
   a) Demonstrative
   b) Personal
   c) Reflexive
   d) Possessive
6. The pronoun “who” is used for ____.
   a) Asking questions
   b) Showing ownership
   c) Connecting clauses
   d) Referring to specific things
7. “I” and “they” are examples of ____ pronouns.
   a) Reflexive
   b) Personal
   c) Demonstrative
   d) Possessive
8. The pronoun “whose” is used to ____.
   a) Point to something
   b) Show ownership
   c) Ask questions
   d) Connect sentences
9. “Which” is a type of ____ pronoun.
   a) Possessive
   b) Demonstrative
   c) Interrogative
   d) Reflexive
10. “Our” is an example of a ____ pronoun.
    a) Personal
    b) Demonstrative
    c) Possessive
    d) Reflexive
11. “They are enjoying ____ party.”
    a) theirs
    b) their
    c) them
    d) they
12. “Please tell ____ what you think.”
    a) she
    b) her
    c) hers
    d) herself
13. “This is ____ book.”
    a) his
    b) him
    c) he
    d) himself
14. “I am talking to ____.”
    a) you
    b) your
    c) yours
    d) yourself
15. “The teacher gave ____ a homework.”
    a) we
    b) us
    c) our
    d) ours

Without pronouns, we’d have to keep on repeating nouns, and that would make our speech and writing repetitive, not to mention cumbersome. Most pronouns are very short words. 

Examples include:

*.He    

*.She

*.They.                        

*.It

*.We

*.Who

As mentioned, pronouns are usually used to replace nouns, however they can also stand in for certain adverbs, adjectives, and other pronouns. Anytime you want to talk about a person, animal, place or thing, you can use pronouns to make your speech or writing flow better.

Types of Pronouns 

Pronouns can be divided into numerous categories including:

1. Indefinite pronouns– those referring to one or more unspecified objects, beings, or places

2. Personal pronouns– those associated with a certain person, thing, or group; all except you have distinct forms that indicate singular or plural number i.e I, we, us

3. Reflexive pronouns– those preceded by the adverb, adjective, pronoun, or noun to which they refer, and ending in–self or–selves i.e yourself, myself, ourselves.

4. Demonstrative pronouns– those used to point to something specific within a sentence
5. Possessive pronouns– those designating possession or ownership

6. Relative pronouns– those which refer to nouns mentioned previously, acting to introduce an adjective (relative) clause I.e whose, whom, which, who.

7.Interrogative pronouns– those which introduce a question I.e what, 

*.Reciprocal pronouns– those expressing mutual actions or relationship; i.e. one another, each other

Pronoun Rules

There are a few important rules for using pronouns. As you read through these rules and the examples in the next section, notice how the pronoun rules are followed.Soon you’ll see that pronouns are easy to work with.

*. Subject pronouns may be used to begin sentences. For example: We did a great job.

*. Subject pronouns may also be used to rename the subject. For example: It was she who decided we should go to Hawaii.

*. Indefinite pronouns don’t have antecedents. They are capable of standing on their own. For example: No one likes the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard.

*. Object pronouns are used as direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. These include: you, me, him, her, us, them, and it. For example: David talked to her about the mistake.

*. Possessive pronouns show ownership. They do not need apostrophes. For example: The cat washed its whiskers.

Evaluation: The following exercises will help you gain greater understanding about how pronouns work. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1.This is __________ speaking .A.John B.He C.He John D.Am

2.Greg is as smart as __________ is.A.I B.me C.she D.we

3.The dog chewed on __________ favorite toy.A.it’s B.it is C.its’ D.its

4.It could have been __________ .A.JerryB.anyone C.better D.more difficult

5.Terry is taller than __________ am. A.I B.me C.she D.we

Class Activity Discussion

1. What is a pronoun?
   A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence.
2. Why are pronouns used in sentences?
   Pronouns are used to avoid repeating the same noun and to make sentences clearer.
3. Can you give examples of personal pronouns?
   Yes, examples include I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
4. What is the function of a possessive pronoun?
   A possessive pronoun shows ownership, like “mine” or “yours”.
5. How do demonstrative pronouns differ from personal pronouns?
   Demonstrative pronouns point to specific things, while personal pronouns represent people or things.
6. What are reflexive pronouns used for?
   Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of the sentence, like “myself” or “yourself”.
7. How do interrogative pronouns function in a sentence?
   Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions, such as “who” or “which”.
8. What is the role of relative pronouns?
   Relative pronouns connect clauses or sentences, like “who” or “that”.
9. Can you replace a noun with more than one pronoun in a sentence?
   Yes, different types of pronouns can replace a noun depending on their function in the sentence.
10. How do you choose the correct pronoun?
    Choose the pronoun that matches the noun it replaces in gender, number, and case.
11. What is an example of a reflexive pronoun in a sentence?
    “She made the dress herself.”
12. How are possessive pronouns different from possessive adjectives?
    Possessive pronouns stand alone, while possessive adjectives are used with nouns (e.g., “my book” vs. “mine”).
13. Can “it” be used for people?
    Generally, “it” is used for objects or animals, not people, unless the person’s gender is unknown.
14. How do you use “who” and “whom” correctly?
    Use “who” as the subject of a sentence and “whom” as the object.
15. What is an example of a demonstrative pronoun in use?
    “This is my pencil, and those are yours.”

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher introduces and defines pronouns.
Step 2: The teacher explains and gives examples of different types of pronouns.
Step 3: Students practice identifying and using pronouns in sentences.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Define pronouns and their types.
• Provide examples and explanations.
• Guide students in exercises using pronouns.

Learners’ Activities:

• Identify and use pronouns in sentences.
• Participate in exercises to practice different types of pronouns.
• Complete fill-in-the-blank questions.

Assessment:

1. Identify and classify different types of pronouns in sentences.
2. Use pronouns correctly in sentences.
3. Explain the function of pronouns in communication.

Ten Evaluation Questions:

1. What is a pronoun?
2. How do personal pronouns function in a sentence?
3. Give examples of possessive pronouns.
4. What is the difference between demonstrative and reflexive pronouns?
5. How do you use “whose” in a sentence?
6. What role do interrogative pronouns play?
7. How are relative pronouns used?
8. Provide examples of reflexive pronouns.
9. What is the function of possessive pronouns?
10. How do demonstrative pronouns point to things?

Conclusion:

The teacher will review the key points about pronouns, answer any remaining questions, and assess students’ understanding through exercises and discussions.

Title:

“Understanding Pronouns: A Key to Clear and Effective Communication”