The System Unit – JSS 1 Lesson Note

Subject: Computer Studies
Class: JSS 1
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Topic: The System Unit
Sub-topic: Internal Features and Functions
Duration: 40 Minutes

Behavioral Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
2. Identify and explain the functions of the Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), and Main Memory (MM).
3. Describe the internal components of the system unit.
4. Explain the role of the motherboard and power supply.

Keywords:

• System Unit
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Control Unit (CU)
• Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
• Main Memory (MM)
• Motherboard
• Power Supply

Set Induction:

The teacher will open a system unit and display its internal parts, asking students to identify different components.

Entry Behavior:

Students have basic knowledge of computer hardware components from previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Opened system unit
• Diagrams of system unit components
• Whiteboard and marker

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have learned about computer monitors and other output devices. This lesson introduces the main processing components of the computer.

Lesson Content

I. Internal Features of the System Unit and Their Uses

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The CPU is the “brain” of the computer, responsible for processing instructions and executing tasks. It consists of three main components:

• Control Unit (CU): Directs the operations of the computer by managing data flow and coordinating components.
• Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU): Performs mathematical calculations and logical operations.
• Main Memory (MM): Temporarily stores data and instructions for quick access.

2. Motherboard

The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all components, including the CPU, RAM, storage, and peripherals. It serves as a communication hub between different parts of the computer.

3. Power Supply

The power supply converts electricity from an external source into a usable form for the computer. It provides power to all internal components, ensuring the system operates smoothly.

Evaluation Questions (Fill in the Blanks with Multiple Choice Options)

1. The ________ is known as the brain of the computer.
   a) Motherboard
   b) CPU
   c) RAM
   d) Power Supply
2. The part of the CPU responsible for performing calculations is the ________.
   a) Control Unit
   b) ALU
   c) Motherboard
   d) RAM
3. The ________ directs and manages the operations of the computer.
   a) Control Unit
   b) Arithmetic and Logic Unit
   c) Power Supply
   d) Hard Drive
4. The main circuit board of a computer is called the ________.
   a) Power Supply
   b) CPU
   c) Motherboard
   d) RAM
5. The function of the power supply is to ________.
   a) Store data permanently
   b) Convert electricity for the computer
   c) Process instructions
   d) Perform calculations
6. The ________ stores data temporarily for quick access.
   a) RAM
   b) Hard Drive
   c) Power Supply
   d) Motherboard
7. The CPU consists of the Control Unit, ALU, and ________.
   a) GPU
   b) Power Supply
   c) Main Memory
   d) RAM
8. The ________ connects all computer components together.
   a) Hard Drive
   b) RAM
   c) Motherboard
   d) ALU
9. The CPU processes instructions using ________ operations.
   a) Arithmetic and logical
   b) Sound and video
   c) Text and graphics
   d) Color and contrast
10. The power supply ensures that ________.
    a) The computer has enough power to function
    b) The monitor displays images
    c) The keyboard inputs data
    d) The mouse moves smoothly

Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs with Answers)

1. What is the system unit?
   • The system unit is the main body of the computer that houses critical components like the CPU, motherboard, and power supply.
2. What does the CPU do?
   • It processes data and executes instructions.
3. What are the three main parts of the CPU?
   • Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), and Main Memory (MM).
4. What is the function of the Control Unit?
   • It directs and manages computer operations.
5. How does the ALU function?
   • It performs arithmetic calculations and logical operations.
6. What is the purpose of Main Memory?
   • It temporarily stores data and instructions for processing.
7. What role does the motherboard play?
   • It connects all computer components and enables communication between them.
8. Why is the power supply important?
   • It provides electrical power to the computer components.
9. Can a computer work without a motherboard?
   • No, because it connects and integrates all internal components.
10. What is the primary function of the system unit?
    • It houses essential hardware components that enable a computer to function.

Assessment (Short-Answer Questions)

1. Define the system unit.
2. What are the three components of the CPU?
3. Explain the function of the ALU.
4. What is the role of the motherboard?
5. Why is the power supply necessary?
6. What does the Control Unit do?
7. Name two internal features of the system unit.
8. How does Main Memory help in processing?
9. Describe the importance of the CPU.
10. What connects the CPU, RAM, and storage devices?

Conclusion:

The teacher will summarize the lesson and allow students to ask questions. Students’ answers will be marked, and feedback will be given.