Understanding Working Drawings in Building Construction: Key Plans and Tools Building Construction SS1 First Term Lesson Note for Week 6
Building Construction SS1 First Term Lesson Note for Week 6
Subject: Building Construction
Class: SS1
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 15–16 years
Topic: Working Drawings
Sub-topic: Types of Working Drawings, Elevation Plan Sections, Functions of Grid Lines, Types of Plans: Site Plans, Block Plan, Foundation Plan, Ground Floor Plan
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioral Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
- Differentiate between working drawings and construction drawings.
- Explain the purpose of terms used in working drawings.
- Explain the functions of grid lines on a site plan.
- Sketch a block plan of a proposed building.
- Convert design data into construction information and communicate it in layman’s terms.
Keywords
- Working drawings
- Construction drawings
- Elevation plan
- Grid lines
- Site plan
- Block plan
- Foundation plan
- Ground floor plan
Set Induction
Start the lesson by showing a picture of a building under construction and ask students how they think the construction workers know what to build. Discuss the importance of drawings and plans in construction.
Entry Behavior
Students are familiar with basic concepts of building structures and plans and can recognize construction materials and tools.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Diagrams of different types of working drawings
- Samples of site plans, block plans, and elevation plans
- Graph paper for sketching
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Students may already have a basic understanding of construction, and this lesson will connect that knowledge to the technical drawings used in construction projects.
Embedded Core Skills
- Visual literacy (reading drawings)
- Sketching
- Problem-solving and communication
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Building Construction
- Drawing tools (pencil, ruler, compass, graph paper)
Instructional Materials
- Whiteboard and markers
- Visual aids of different working drawings (e.g., elevation, site plan)
- Construction drawing samples
Content
1. Working Drawings vs. Construction Drawings
- Working Drawings: These are technical drawings used by construction teams to understand how to build a project. They include details on dimensions, materials, and construction methods.
- Construction Drawings: A general term that includes all types of drawings used to build a structure, including working drawings, structural drawings, electrical drawings, etc.
2. Types of Working Drawings
- Elevation Plans: Show the exterior views of the building, including height and design features.
- Section Plans: Detail the interior features of a building, such as wall structures, floor plans, and vertical relationships between spaces.
- Foundation Plans: Illustrate how the foundation of a building is designed to support the structure, including dimensions and materials used.
- Ground Floor Plans: Show the layout of the ground level of the building, including rooms, walls, doors, and windows.
3. Functions of Grid Lines on a Site Plan
- Grid Lines: Serve as reference points for accurately positioning elements on a site plan. They help ensure that elements like walls and foundations are aligned and placed correctly in relation to each other.
4. Types of Plans
- Site Plan: Shows the overall layout of the site, including the building’s placement, access roads, and any surrounding structures or landscape features.
- Block Plan: A simple representation of a building’s footprint, indicating its shape and location on the plot.
- Foundation Plan: A detailed drawing of the foundation of the building, specifying materials and dimensions.
- Ground Floor Plan: A detailed layout of the first level of the building, showing rooms, doors, windows, and other key features.
Presentation Steps
Step 1: Introduction to Working Drawings
- Teacher’s Activity: Discuss the importance of working drawings in construction and how they help guide the building process.
- Learners’ Activity: Students listen and take notes on the difference between working and construction drawings.
Step 2: Explain the Types of Working Drawings
- Teacher’s Activity: Show examples of elevation plans, foundation plans, and site plans, explaining each type of drawing and its purpose.
- Learners’ Activity: Students examine the provided examples and identify the key features of each type of plan.
Step 3: Discuss Grid Lines on Site Plans
- Teacher’s Activity: Explain how grid lines help with the accurate placement of elements on a site plan.
- Learners’ Activity: Students identify grid lines on a sample site plan and explain their function.
Step 4: Sketching a Block Plan
- Teacher’s Activity: Guide the students through the process of sketching a simple block plan of a proposed building.
- Learners’ Activity: Students sketch a block plan based on the teacher’s instructions.
Step 5: Converting Design Data into Layman’s Terms
- Teacher’s Activity: Show how technical drawing data can be simplified for non-professionals, ensuring clear communication between the construction team and the client.
- Learners’ Activity: Students practice converting a technical drawing into simple, easy-to-understand terms.
Objective Questions (15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions)
- Working drawings provide detailed information on how to _____ a building.
- a) demolish
- b) design
- c) build
- d) plan
- The _____ plan shows the exterior views of a building.
- a) site
- b) elevation
- c) block
- d) ground floor
- A _____ plan shows the layout of the foundation of the building.
- a) ground floor
- b) foundation
- c) elevation
- d) section
- _____ are used as reference points to ensure accurate placement of building elements.
- a) Grid lines
- b) Floor plans
- c) Elevations
- d) Foundation plans
- A _____ plan shows the layout of the ground level of the building.
- a) section
- b) foundation
- c) block
- d) ground floor
- The _____ plan gives a top-down view of the site, including the building’s position.
- a) site
- b) section
- c) block
- d) elevation
- _____ plans include all the information necessary to construct a building.
- a) Construction
- b) Working
- c) Design
- d) Elevation
- The _____ plan shows a vertical slice of the building to highlight its internal features.
- a) elevation
- b) foundation
- c) section
- d) ground floor
- _____ lines on a site plan are used to mark reference points for placing walls and foundations.
- a) Grid
- b) Foundation
- c) Ground
- d) Elevation
- The _____ plan is typically used by builders to understand the layout of rooms, doors, and windows.
- a) site
- b) block
- c) ground floor
- d) foundation
- _____ drawing shows how the building will look from the outside.
- a) Ground floor
- b) Block plan
- c) Elevation
- d) Section
- A _____ plan provides a simplified representation of the building’s footprint.
- a) foundation
- b) block
- c) site
- d) ground floor
- The _____ plan is used to ensure that the building aligns with the site’s regulations and space.
- a) foundation
- b) ground floor
- c) site
- d) section
- Grid lines help in marking the _____ of structural components in a building.
- a) materials
- b) placement
- c) design
- d) shape
- A _____ drawing is used to convert complex design information into simple instructions.
- a) block
- b) working
- c) construction
- d) elevation
Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs)
- What is the difference between working drawings and construction drawings?
Working drawings contain detailed construction instructions, while construction drawings are a broad category including all building-related diagrams. - What are elevation plans used for?
Elevation plans show the exterior of the building, detailing the height and appearance. - What information does a foundation plan provide?
It shows the design and structure of the building’s foundation, ensuring it can support the building. - Why are grid lines important on a site plan?
Grid lines provide a reference to accurately position the building elements. - What is a block plan?
A block plan is a simple drawing showing the outline of a building on a site. - How does a ground floor plan help in construction?
It provides a layout of rooms, windows, and doors, guiding the construction of the first floor. - What does a section plan illustrate?
A section plan shows the interior features of a building by cutting through it vertically. - What are construction drawings used for?
They provide all the information needed for building, from design to structural details. - Why is it necessary to convert technical drawing data for clients?
To make complex technical information understandable for non-professionals. - How do grid lines aid in construction?
Grid lines help maintain accuracy and alignment throughout the building process. - What is the role of a site plan in construction?
The site plan shows the building’s location on the plot and ensures it meets regulations. - What features should be included in a foundation plan?
It includes dimensions, material specifications, and the layout of the foundation. - Why is a block plan important in building construction?
It helps visualize the building’s position on the site before construction begins. - How does a ground floor plan impact the building process?
It guides the construction of the ground level, detailing walls, doors, and windows. - What role do elevation plans play in construction?
They provide visual references for the building’s exterior, ensuring the final structure matches the design.
Evaluation Questions (10 Evaluation Questions)
- What is the primary purpose of working drawings in construction?
- Describe the function of grid lines on a site plan.
- How does a foundation plan differ from a ground floor plan?
- What is a block plan, and why is it important?
- Explain the role of elevation plans in building construction.
- How do section plans help in constructing a building?
- What are the main differences between working drawings and construction drawings?
- Why are site plans critical for construction projects?
- What information is typically included in a ground floor plan?
- How can working drawings be simplified for clients?
Conclusion
In this lesson, students learned the importance of working drawings in construction, including different types of plans like elevation, foundation, and ground floor plans. They also understood the function of grid lines and practiced sketching block plans. This knowledge is essential for anyone pursuing a career in building construction.