HomeJSS 1Business Studies JSS 1The Importance of Monitoring and Controlling Chemicals for JSS 1

The Importance of Monitoring and Controlling Chemicals for JSS 1

 

Detailed Lesson Plan on the Need for Monitoring and Control of Chemicals

Subject: Basic Science

Class: JSS 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 9

Age: 10 – 12 years

Topic: Need for Monitoring and Control of Chemicals

Sub-topic: Meaning, Types, and Control of Chemicals

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define chemicals and give examples.
  2. List and explain the different grades of chemicals.
  3. Explain why chemicals need to be monitored and controlled.
  4. Identify laws that regulate chemical use in Nigeria.
  5. Describe the dangers of improper chemical handling.

Keywords

  • Chemical – A substance made by a chemical process.
  • Monitoring – Keeping track of something.
  • Control – Managing the use of something.
  • Effluent – Waste or harmful discharge.
  • Toxic – Poisonous or harmful to living things.

Set Induction

The teacher asks students:

  • Have you ever seen or used chemicals at home?
  • Do you know that chemicals can be harmful?
  • What would happen if harmful chemicals were released into rivers or air?
  • The teacher listens to their responses and introduces the topic.

Entry Behaviour

Students have seen or used chemicals like detergents, perfumes, and medicines at home.

Learning Resources and Materials

  • Samples of common household chemicals (e.g., soap, medicine, perfume)
  • Picture charts of factories releasing chemical waste
  • News articles on chemical pollution cases

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have learned about pollution and its effects on the environment in previous lessons. This lesson builds on that knowledge by focusing on the need to monitor and control chemicals.

Embedded Core Skills

  • Critical thinking
  • Environmental awareness
  • Problem-solving
  • Decision-making

Learning Materials

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work
  • Basic Science Textbook for JSS1
  • Government regulations on chemical use

Instructional Materials

  • Whiteboard and marker
  • Handouts on chemical safety
  • Projector (if available)

Lesson Presentation

Step 1: Meaning of Chemicals

  • Chemicals are substances that are made or purified using chemical reactions.
  • They are used in different industries like food production, medicine, and cleaning.
  • Examples of chemicals:
    1. Baking soda (used in baking)
    2. Vinegar (used for cooking and cleaning)
    3. Soap (used for washing)
    4. Perfume (used for fragrance)
    5. Pesticides (used to kill insects)
    6. Detergents (used for laundry)
    7. Paint (used for coloring surfaces)
    8. Medicine (used to treat diseases)
    9. Fertilizers (used for farming)
    10. Fuel (used for cooking and transportation)

Step 2: Grades of Chemicals

Different chemicals are classified based on their use.

  1. Reagent A.C.S. – Used in laboratories for scientific experiments.
  2. O.R. (Organic Research) – Used for chemical research.
  3. F.C.C. (Food Chemicals Codex) – Used in food production.
  4. D.C.P. (Drug and Chemical Purity) – Used in medicines.
  5. Technical Grade – Used in industries for manufacturing.
  6. APE’s (Alkylphenol Ethoxylates) – Found in detergents and disinfectants.

Step 3: Need for Monitoring and Control of Chemicals

  • Chemicals can be harmful to humans, animals, and the environment.
  • Some chemicals produce toxic waste that can pollute air, water, and soil.
  • There are laws in Nigeria that regulate the use and disposal of harmful chemicals.
  • Waste refers to harmful substances in liquid, solid, or gas form.
  • People who illegally dispose of toxic waste can be punished by law (e.g., imprisonment).

Step 4: Why Some Chemicals Are Harmful

  1. They can cause poisoning if swallowed or inhaled.
  2. They can cause skin burns when touched.
  3. Some chemicals pollute the environment when disposed of wrongly.
  4. Some chemicals can cause cancer or other diseases over time.
  5. They can kill plants and animals if not handled properly.

Class Activity Discussion: FAQs

  1. What are chemicals?

    • Chemicals are substances made or purified using chemical reactions.

  2. Give two examples of chemicals used at home.

    • Soap and medicine.

  3. Why do we need to monitor chemicals?

    • To prevent harm to humans and the environment.

  4. What are the grades of chemicals?

    • Reagent A.C.S., O.R., F.C.C., D.C.P., Technical Grade, and APEs.

  5. How can chemicals cause harm?

    • By poisoning, pollution, and health damage.

  6. What is chemical waste?

    • It is harmful substances from factories or industries.

  7. What happens when someone disposes of toxic waste illegally?

    • They can be jailed or fined.

  8. Why are some chemicals used in food?

    • To improve taste, preserve, or add nutrients.

  9. What should you do if you touch a harmful chemical?

    • Wash immediately with water and seek medical help.

  10. How can we reduce chemical pollution?

  • By using safer chemicals and following disposal rules.

Evaluation

Fill in the blanks (choose the correct option: a, b, c, or d)

  1. Chemicals are made using ____.
    a) Water
    b) Chemical reactions
    c) Heat
    d) Electricity

  2. An example of a household chemical is ____.
    a) Stone
    b) Paper
    c) Soap
    d) Cloth

  3. Reagent A.C.S. chemicals are used in ____.
    a) Farming
    b) Schools
    c) Laboratories
    d) Cooking

  4. The government monitors chemicals to ____.
    a) Make them stronger
    b) Keep people safe
    c) Sell them
    d) Ban them

  5. Chemicals can be found in ____.
    a) Food
    b) Medicines
    c) Detergents
    d) All of the above

  6. One example of a toxic chemical is ____.
    a) Perfume
    b) Pesticide
    c) Water
    d) Salt

  7. Improper disposal of chemicals can ____.
    a) Help plants grow
    b) Pollute the environment
    c) Clean the air
    d) Be safe for humans

  8. A.P.E. chemicals are found in ____.
    a) Food
    b) Laundry detergents
    c) Books
    d) Sand

  9. Harmful chemicals can cause ____.
    a) Pollution
    b) Fresh air
    c) Clean water
    d) None of the above

  10. People who dispose of toxic waste illegally can be ____.
    a) Rewarded
    b) Ignored
    c) Jailed
    d) Promoted

Conclusion

  • The teacher summarizes the lesson and corrects misconceptions.
  • The teacher goes around to mark students’ work and provide feedback.

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Assignment

  1. What are chemicals?
  2. Name five areas in your life where chemicals are used.
  3. Why are some chemicals harmful?
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