AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
FIRST TERM E-LEARNING NOTE
SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE
CLASS: JSS1
Term : First Term
Week: Week 8
Class : JSS 1
Previous lesson : The pupils have previous knowledge of
Environmental Pollution: Water Pollution
Topic :
AIR POLLUTION
CONTENT
- Definition of Air Pollution
- Air Polluntants
- Sources of Air Pollution
- Consequences of Air Pollution
- Control Measures of Air Pollution
Behavioural objectives :
By the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
- Define Air Pollution
- Mention Air Pollutants
- Say How to Reduce air pollution
- Mention four air pollutants
- List how to prevent air pollution
Instructional Materials :
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
Methods of Teaching :
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
Reference Materials :
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
- Workbooks
CONTENT :
Definition of Air Pollution
Air pollution is the discharge of harmful waste substances which contaminate the atmosphere. Air pollutants can be solids, liquids or gases.
Air Pollution
Air pollution is a serious problem in many parts of the world. Smokestacks pump pollution into the air, harming the environment and making it harder to breathe.
The following table shows the constituents that make up the air and their natural proportions:
| Nitrogen | 78% |
| Oxygen | 21% |
| Argon | 0.93% |
| Carbon dioxide | 0.03% |
Anything short of this is air pollution.
Air Pollutants
The major air pollutants are
(i) Sulphur dioxide from motor vehicles and industrial plants.
(ii) Nitrogen oxides
(iii) Carbon monoxide from exhaust pipe of cars
(iv) Hydrogen sulphide smell like rotten egg
(v) Dust from city road and surroundings.
(vi) Smoke from domestic fires, cigarettes, industrial premises, etc.
(vii) Smog produced by the action of sunlight on nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
(viii) Radioactive rays from nuclear power plants and nuclear reactors.
Sources of Air Pollution
The sources of air pollution include:
(i) Automobiles
(ii) Power stations
(iii) Industries
(iv) Burning of wood and vegetation for agricultural purposes
(v) The decay of dead plants and animals.
Consequences of Air Pollution
The consequences of air pollution include the following:
(i) CARBON MONOXIDE: In low concentration causes dizziness, headache, nausea and tiredness. If inhaled for a longer periods even in low concentration, causes brain damage; at a higher concentrations, it can cause unconsciousness and eventually death.
(ii) SULPHUR DIOXIDE: It causes lung diseases in human. It changes the green colour of plants leaves and corrodes metals.
(iii) NITROGEN OXIDES: This causes lung irritation, suffocation, disease in plants and corrosion of metallic objects.
(iv) CARBON MONOXIDE: It reacts with the haemoglobin in the blood preventing it from taking oxygen and forms carboxyhaemoglobin, which can lead to death by suffocation.
(v) HYDROGEN SULPHIDE: It has rotten egg smell which is irritating and can causes suffocation to humans.
(vi) Dust particles can cause injury to the eyes, noses and ears.
(vii) Smoke causes injury to the lung of the respiratory tracts and discomfort to man. Smoke from cigarette causes lung cancer, asthma and chronic bronchitis.
(viii) Smog causes eyes irritation, respiratory ailments nausea.
(ix) Radioactive rays are very dangerous to health and can destroy genes.
Control Measures of Air Pollution
The control measures of air pollution include the following:
(i) Proper maintenance of machinery, motor vehicles, boilers, furnaces and chimney.
(ii) Cover noses properly with white clean handkerchief if you accidentally get to air polluted area.
(iii) Planting of trees: Plants can use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, and at the same time releasing oxygen to the atmosphere.
(iv) Government should enact laws to discourage bush burning.
(v) Rooms and kitchens should be well ventilated to prevent air pollution in the home.
(vi) Gas flaring should be discouraged to avoid release of harmful gases into the air.
Presentation
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1:
The class teacher revises the previous topics
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher corrects the pupils when and where the needs arise .
EVALUATION
- State five effects of air pollution.
- How can air pollution be controlled?
- Write out the Meaning of air Pollution
- Mention four Types of pollution
- Explain Air pollution
- Write out the Meaning of air Pollution
- List two ways by which air pollution can be prevented prevent
- Write out two hazards of air pollution
Conclusion
The class teacher wraps up or conclude the lesson by giving out short note to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.
The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.
He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.