Revision English Studies Primary 6 Week 11 First Term Lesson Notes / Plans
Subject: English Grammar
Topic: Revision – Direct and Indirect Speech Formation, Meaning, and Uses
Duration: 45 minutes
Term: First Term
Week: 11
Previous Lesson: Parts of Speech
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the difference between direct and indirect speech.
- Demonstrate the ability to convert direct speech to indirect speech and vice versa.
- Identify situations where direct or indirect speech is appropriate.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Language comprehension
- Critical thinking
- Communication skills
Learning Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Textbooks
- Examples of sentences in both direct and indirect speech
- Chart with rules for converting direct to indirect speech
Teaching Methods:
- Interactive discussion
- Group activities
- Role-playing
Content:
- Definition of Key Words:
- Direct speech: Exact words spoken by a person.
- Indirect speech: Rephrasing spoken words without quoting directly.
- Lesson Content:
- Explanation of direct and indirect speech.
- Rules for converting direct speech to indirect and vice versa.
Difference between Direct and Indirect Speech:
- Direct Speech: In direct speech, the exact words spoken by a person are quoted within quotation marks. For example: She said, “I am going to the store.”
- Indirect Speech: In indirect speech, the speaker’s words are paraphrased or reported without using quotation marks. For example: She said that she was going to the store.
How to Convert Direct Speech to Indirect Speech:
- Change Pronouns: Adjust pronouns based on the perspective of the reporting speaker.
- Direct: He said, “I am happy.”
- Indirect: He said that he was happy.
- Modify Verb Tenses: Shift verb tenses back in time if the reporting verb is in the past.
- Direct: She said, “I will come.”
- Indirect: She said that she would come.
- Adjust Time Expressions: Modify time expressions to match the context of the reporting sentence.
- Direct: They said, “We are leaving today.”
- Indirect: They said that they were leaving that day.
How to Convert Indirect Speech to Direct Speech:
- Identify the Speaker: Recognize who the original speaker was.
- Indirect: He told me that he was busy.
- Direct: He said, “I am busy.”
- Keep Pronouns and Verb Tenses: Maintain the original speaker’s pronouns and verb tenses.
- Indirect: She said that they were studying.
- Direct: She said, “We are studying.”
- Adjust Time Expressions: Bring time expressions back to the present if needed.
- Indirect: Mary said that she had lunch.
- Direct: Mary said, “I am having lunch.”
Situations where Direct or Indirect Speech is Appropriate:
- Direct Speech:
- When quoting someone’s exact words for emphasis.
- In dialogue for storytelling or drama.
- When reporting direct commands or requests.
- Indirect Speech:
- In formal writing or reports.
- When summarizing or paraphrasing someone’s speech.
- To convey information without quoting verbatim.
Presentation:
- Step 1: Introduction
- Briefly revisit the concept of speech introduced in the previous lesson.
- Step 2: Explanation
- Define direct and indirect speech using simple examples.
- Discuss scenarios where each type of speech is used.
- Step 3: Conversion Practice
- Engage students in group activities to convert direct speech sentences to indirect speech and vice versa.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Facilitate discussions.
- Provide clear examples.
- Guide students through conversion exercises.
Learners’ Activities:
- Participate in discussions.
- Practice converting sentences individually and in groups.
10 Evaluation Questions:
- What is direct speech?
- How is indirect speech different from direct speech?
- Provide an example of a sentence in direct speech.
- Convert the following direct speech to indirect speech: “She said, ‘I love ice cream.'”
- When do we use direct speech in communication?
- Explain the concept of indirect speech in your own words.
- Convert the following indirect speech to direct speech: “He told me he was busy.”
- Why is it important to understand direct and indirect speech?
- Give a situation where using indirect speech is more appropriate than direct speech.
- Create a sentence in direct speech related to a common activity.
Conclusion on the Topic: Today, we revisited direct and indirect speech, understanding their formation, meaning, and appropriate uses. Remember to practice converting sentences on your own, and next lesson, we’ll explore more applications of these speech
1. The exact words spoken by a person are represented in _______ speech.
a) Direct
b) Indirect
c) Reported
d) Quoted
2. In direct speech, the speaker’s words are enclosed in _______.
a) Brackets
b) Parentheses
c) Quotation marks
d) Commas
3. To convert “I will call you later” into indirect speech, it becomes:
a) He said he will call me later.
b) He said he would call me later.
c) He says he will call me later.
d) He says he would call me later.
4. In indirect speech, pronouns are adjusted based on the perspective of the _______.
a) Listener
b) Reporter
c) Speaker
d) Audience
5. “They are playing football,” said John. In indirect speech, this becomes:
a) John said they are playing football.
b) John said they were playing football.
c) John says they are playing football.
d) John says they were playing football.
6. In converting indirect speech to direct speech, maintain the original speaker’s _______.
a) Quotations
b) Pronouns
c) Parentheses
d) Punctuation
7. Which of the following is NOT a correct conversion of “I have seen that movie” into indirect speech?
a) He said that he had seen that movie.
b) He said he has seen that movie.
c) He said he had seen that movie.
d) He says he had seen that movie.
8. Indirect speech is often used in _______ writing.
a) Informal
b) Formal
c) Creative
d) Casual
9. When converting direct speech to indirect speech, shift verb tenses back in time if the reporting verb is in the _______.
a) Future
b) Present
c) Past
d) Continuous
10. The sentence “She exclaimed that she had won” is an example of _______ speech.
a) Direct
b) Indirect
c) Reported
d) Quoted
11. In direct speech, the pronoun “I” becomes _______ in indirect speech.
a) He
b) She
c) It
d) They
12. Which of the following is an appropriate situation for using direct speech?
a) Summarizing someone’s speech
b) Formal writing or reports
c) Quoting exact words for emphasis
d) Conveying information without quoting verbatim
13. To convert “She said, ‘I am busy'” into indirect speech, it becomes:
a) She said she is busy.
b) She said she was busy.
c) She says she is busy.
d) She says she was busy.
14. In indirect speech, time expressions are modified to match the context of the _______ sentence.
a) Original
b) Reporting
c) Quoted
d) Summarized
15. The primary purpose of indirect speech is to convey information without quoting _______.
a) Verbatim
b) Formally
c) Casually
d) Creatively
