JSS 3 FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE MUSIC
MUSIC HANDOUT
FOR
J S S 3
OLUYEMI G. JOSEPH
1
WEEK ONE
REVISION EXERCISE
1 The stem or flag are not used when writing a __________________
2 which of the notes is represented twice in the scale? ___________
3 How many beats make a semibreve note? _____________
4 A minim note is equal in duration to ______ quaver notes
5 Music is divided into measure by the used of vertical line called _________
6 ____________ is the center of the piano
7 There are _________ accidental signs used in music
8 A flat sign lowers a note by a ____________
9 lines and spaces of the staff is meaningless until a ____________ is placed at the beginning
10 How many tetrachord are there in a major scale?
WEEK TWO
CONSTRUCTION OF SCALE A FLAT, D FLAT AND G FLAT
In our previous lesson, we discussed the diatonic scale as a ladder running from its tonic to it octave. Its only diatonic scale that consists of eight notes and it should be noted that the principle of construction is : T,T,S,T,T,T,S .
A flat major
A B C D E F G A
D flat Major
D E F G A B C D
G flat major
G A B C D E F G
Construct the following major scales
F sharp major
C sharp major
SS 1 FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE FRENCH
WEEK THREE
Minor, Augmented and Diminished interval
An interval is described as a musical distance between two notes or pitches.
However, the following interval are part of the qualities of intervals. We shall look at the examples on each of the above mentioned qualities of interval.
Minor intervals – when major interval is reduced or flattened its becomes minor .
Examples :-
min 3rd min 6th min 2nd min 3rd min 7th
Augmented interval :- when perfect or major interval is increased or sharpened it becomes augmented interval
Examples :
Aug 4th aug. 5th aug. 5th aug. 4th aug. 4th
Diminished interval :- when perfect or minor interval is reduced or lowered it becomes diminished.
Examples :
Dim 4th dim 5th dim 5th dim 3rd dim 3rd
Exercise
Identify the following intervals
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Music Third Term Lesson Notes JSS 3
WEEK FOUR
SIMPLE AND COMPOUND TIME
in one of our previous lessons you will remembered that time signature has been discussed i.e Time signature is made up of two figures, one place over the other
e.g
The upper figure tells us how many beats are there in a bar while the lower or bottom figure indicates the kind of beat.
Bottom Figures always have the following figures in both simple and compound time signature
is represented by figure 2
Is represented by figure 4
Is represented by figure 8
From the foregoing
4 Means that there are four minim beats in a bar
3 Means that there are three crotchet beat in a bar
3 Means that there are three quavers beat in a bar and so on
Exercises
Write the following time signature in words
a 6
b 4
c 2
d 3
e 2
WEEK FIVE
TERMS AND SIGNS
There some musical terms, signs and abbreviation which composers use to indicate the manner they wanted their music performed. Students should learn these musical terms, signs and abbreviations so as to help and interpret music effectively
Dynamics
It shows how loud or soft, fast or slow music is played
TERMS MEANING
Piano (p) Soft
Pianissimo (pp) Very soft
Forte (f) Loud
Fortissimo (ff) Very Loud
Allegro fast
Adagio Slow
Accent mark Play the note louder
Crescendo (cresc.) Gradually getting louder
Diminuendo (dim) gradually getting softer
Repeat sign : Repeat from the beginning
Dacapo D.C go back to the sign
EXPRESSION
Cantabile in a singing style
Con with
Con moto with movement
Dolce Sweetly
Maestoso Majestically
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WEEK SIX
LIFE AND WORKS OF FRANZ SCHUBERT AND SAM AKPABOT
FRANZ SCHUBERT
Schubert was born in Vienna, in 1797. He is the son of a school master, he was taught how to play violin and piano. He also has a sounding musical gift. Schubert was the leader of the school orchestra. He was the greatest song writer that ever lived. He was also the greatest master of ‘lied’. Most of his songs are in strophic form with either literal repetition of the music of each stanza.
Schubert’s beautiful symphonies in C major were not performed until eleven years after his death. in Vienna. Franz Schubert died in 1828.
His works/ Music
Schubert composed 600 songs e.g
The wanderer, Wrestler’s love , the winter journey, The maid of the mill, etc
SAM AKPABOT
Sam akpabot was born on October 3rd 1932 in ethnan Cross River State, he went to Kings College Lagos. He had his early musical training as a choirboy at Christ Cathedral Church Lagos under T.K.E Philips.
He went to Royal College of Music London; he later went to university of Chicago, Michigan state University, United States of America. When he got his PHD on music, he entered into popular music in 50s and 60s and he formed ‘Alphabet sextet’. He
Worked with NBC later joined the staff of music department at the university of Nigeria Nsukka. He is a composer, director, performer, musicologist and writer.
His works/Music
Few of Sam akpabot music are :
Verbal Christ, Ofala Festival Overture, Jaja of Opobo, Tune poem Nigeria for wood wind orcheatra.
WEEK SEVEN
MELODY WRITING
Melody is defined as a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole. We perceive the pitches of a melody in relation to each other in the same way we hear the words of a sentence not singly but as an entire thought.
It is often the element in music that makes the most direct appeal to the listener.
Characteristics of Melody
1. A melody begins, moves and ends; it has direction, shape and continuity
2. There are different kinds of melody : Vocal and instrumental
3. Melody may moves conjunctly i.e in tone and semitones
4. A melody’s range is the distance between the lowest and highest tones
5. Note duration as well as pitches contribute to the distinctive character of a melody
Class exercise: write a melody not less than four bars using the treble clef, indicate the key signature and time signature.
Assignment
Write a melody of 5 bars on G major using the treble clef and indicate your time signature
WEEK EIGHT
MUSICAL FORMS
Most musical pieces have been specifically designed and therefore fall into some sort of plan. Without a definite idea or design, music would have be chaotic.
Basically the composition are either in binary (AB) or ternary (ABA) form
Binary form : This is the simplest musical form that is in two part AB
Ternary form : (ABA form) this is a musical form in which the third section is more or less the same as the first
Episodical form : An episode always implies a change of thought or theme or a continuous movement which contain single episode.
Sonata form : An instrumental composition in three or four movement usually for one or two instrument. Sonata form make use of ternary idea in a grand style i.e (A) Exposition (B) Development (A) Recapitulation.
Symphony : This is a musical work in three or four movement for the or chestra
Assignment
Write short note on the following
1. Opera 2. Oratorio
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