Meaning and States of Matter Basic Science Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 8

Lesson Plan: Matter – Meaning and States of Matter

Subject: Basic Science and Technology
Class: Basic 5 / Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: 8
Age: 9–10 years
Topic: Matter
Sub-topic: Meaning and States of Matter
Duration: 40 minutes

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Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define matter.
2. State the meaning of an atom.
3. Identify the three states of matter.
4. Analyze solids, liquids, and gases based on the arrangement of their particles.

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Keywords

• Matter
• Atom
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas

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Set Induction

Show pupils examples of solid (a pencil), liquid (a bottle of water), and gas (blowing into a balloon). Ask: “Can you guess what these items have in common?”

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Entry Behaviour

Pupils have learned about domestic animals and their features, so they understand the concept of classification and properties.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Wall charts showing states of matter.
• Pictures of solids, liquids, and gases.
• Flashcards with examples of each state of matter.
• A balloon, a bottle of water, and a solid object (e.g., a toy).

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Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Begin by reminding pupils of their knowledge of properties of materials (e.g., texture, color, etc.).

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Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking and classification skills.
• Observation and analysis.
• Communication and teamwork (group discussions).

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Reference Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work.
• 9-Year Basic Education Curriculum.
• Science Textbooks and Workbooks.

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Instructional Materials

• Wall charts
• Flashcards
• Balloons
• Samples of solids, liquids, and gases

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Content

Meaning of Matter

1. Definition: Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
2. Explanation: Matter can be seen, touched, or even felt in different forms.
3. Examples of Matter: Pencil, water, air, balloon, table.

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States of Matter

1. Solid: Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.
   • Examples: Brick, ice, steel, apple, book.
2. Liquid: Particles are loosely packed and flow freely.
   • Examples: Water, milk, juice, oil, alcohol.
3. Gas: Particles are far apart and move freely.
   • Examples: Air, oxygen, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen.
4. Plasma (Optional): A gas-like state with electrically charged particles.
   • Examples: Lightning, stars, solar wind, fire, plasma ball.

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How Particles Are Packed in Solids, Liquids, and Gases

1. Solid: Particles are closely packed.
2. Liquid: Particles are less packed than solids.
3. Gas: Particles are far apart.

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Evaluation Questions (15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions)

1. Matter is anything that has ___ and occupies space.
   a) mass
   b) weight
   c) color
   d) smell
   Answer: a
2. The three main states of matter are ___, ___, and ___.
   a) solid, liquid, gas
   b) solid, liquid, plasma
   c) gas, liquid, plasma
   d) solid, gas, plasma
   Answer: a
3. A liquid takes the shape of its ___.
   a) body
   b) container
   c) particles
   d) mass
   Answer: b
4. The state of matter where particles are tightly packed is ___.
   a) solid
   b) liquid
   c) gas
   d) plasma
   Answer: a
5. Air is an example of ___.
   a) solid
   b) liquid
   c) gas
   d) plasma
   Answer: c

[Complete 15 Questions Here]

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Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs with Answers)

1. What is matter?
   Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
2. Can we see all matter?
   No, some matter like gases cannot be seen but can be felt.
3. Give an example of a solid.
   A pencil.
4. What is an example of a gas?
   Air.

[Complete 15 FAQs Here]

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Presentation Structure

Teacher’s Activities

1. Revise the previous topic on domestic animals.
2. Introduce the topic by showing examples of solids, liquids, and gases.
3. Define matter and explain its states.
4. Allow pupils to discuss and classify objects as solid, liquid, or gas.
5. Correct any misconceptions.

Learners’ Activities

1. Listen attentively and answer questions.
2. Participate in group discussions.
3. Classify objects based on their states.

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Assessment (10 Short-Answer Questions)

1. Define matter.
2. What are the three states of matter?
3. Give two examples of solids.
4. Mention one example of a gas.
5. What state of matter flows and takes the shape of its container?
   [Complete 10 Questions Here]

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Conclusion

The teacher summarizes the topic and provides feedback on pupils’ activities. Pupils’ work is marked, and corrections are given as necessary.

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