Reproduction in Plants (Continue)
Subject:
Basic Science and Technology
Term:
Second Term
Week:
Week 3
Class:
Basic 5 / Primary 5
Previous lesson:
The pupils have previous knowledge of Muscles in their previous lesson
Topic:
Reproduction in Plants (Continue)
Behavioural objectives:
At the end of lesson, pupils should be able to:
- identify parts of the flowers that are concerned with pollination and fertilization
- Describe stages of development of plants from flower to fruit
- distinguish between pollination and fertilization
- Students will be able to identify and explain the process of pollination.
- Students will be able to identify and explain the process of fertilization.
- Students will be able to distinguish between pollination and fertilization.
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
- Images of flowers and pollinators
- Diagrams of the parts of a flower
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- Flower plant
Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
- Workbooks
Content:
Parts of a flower that are concerned with pollination and fertilization
- Stamen: The stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower. It has a thin stem called the filament and a round, sticky tip called the anther. The anther produces pollen, which is needed for fertilization. Example: The stamen of a sunflower looks like a long, thin stick with a round yellow tip.
- Pistil: The pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower. It has a sticky knob at the top called the stigma, a tube-like structure called the style, and a swollen base called the ovary. The ovary contains the egg cells, which are fertilized by the pollen to create seeds. Example: The pistil of a rose looks like a long, thin stick with a sticky red knob at the top.
- Petals: The petals are the colorful and often fragrant parts of a flower that attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. They are not directly involved in pollination or fertilization, but they play an important role in attracting the animals that will carry out these processes. Example: The petals of a daisy are white and yellow, and they have a sweet smell that attracts bees.
- Sepals: The sepals are the small green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower that protect the developing buds. They are not directly involved in pollination or fertilization, but they help to protect the flower as it grows. Example: The sepals of a tulip are green and pointy, and they protect the tulip bud before it blooms.
- Pollinators: Pollinators are the insects, birds, and other animals that carry pollen from one flower to another. They are an essential part of the process of pollination and fertilization, as they help to transfer the pollen from the stamen to the pistil. Examples: bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and bats are common pollinators of flowers.
Evaluation
- What is the male reproductive part of a flower called? a) Pistil b) Stamen c) Petal d) Sepal
- What is the sticky knob at the top of the pistil called? a) Filament b) Anther c) Stigma d) Ovary
- What are the colorful and fragrant parts of a flower that attract pollinators? a) Petals b) Stamen c) Pistil d) Sepals
- What is the function of the anther in the stamen? a) Produces pollen b) Protects the developing buds c) Attracts pollinators d) Contains the egg cells
- What is the name of the small green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower that protect the developing buds? a) Petals b) Stamen c) Pistil d) Sepals
- What is the function of the ovary in the pistil? a) Contains the egg cells b) Produces pollen c) Attracts pollinators d) Protects the developing buds
- What is the name of the tube-like structure in the pistil? a) Style b) Filament c) Anther d) Stigma
- What are some examples of common pollinators? a) bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and bats b) ants, beetles, and worms c) fish and reptiles d) birds and mammals
- What is the name of the round, sticky tip of the stamen? a) Anther b) Stigma c) Ovary d) Style
- How do petals help in pollination and fertilization? a) They transfer the pollen from the stamen to the pistil b) They attract pollinators c) They protect the flower as it grows d) They are not directly involved in pollination or fertilization
Fill in the gaps
- The ________ is the male reproductive part of a flower.
- The ________ is the female reproductive part of a flower.
- The ________ are the colorful and often fragrant parts of a flower that attract pollinators.
- The ________ are the small green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower that protect the developing buds.
- The ________ is the sticky knob at the top of the pistil.
- The ________ produces pollen, which is needed for fertilization.
- The ________ contains the egg cells, which are fertilized by the pollen to create seeds.
- ________ are the insects, birds, and other animals that carry pollen from one flower to another.
- The ________ is the name of the tube-like structure in the pistil.
- The ________ is the round, sticky tip of the stamen.
Theory Questions
- What is the function of the stamen in a flower?
- How does the pistil participate in fertilization?
- How do petals contribute to the process of pollination and fertilization?
- What is the role of sepals in a flower?
- How is pollen transferred from one flower to another?
- Can you give an example of a common pollinator?
- How do the pistil and stamen work together in the fertilization process?
- How do pollinators aid in the pollination and fertilization of flowers?
- Can you name one of the parts of the pistil and its function?
- How do the anther and stigma play a role in the fertilization process?
Stages of development of plant from flower to fruit
When a plant is ready to reproduce, it produces a flower. The flower is the reproductive part of the plant and it contains both the male and female reproductive cells.
- Pollination: The first stage of the plant’s development from flower to fruit is pollination. Pollination is when the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower are transferred to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower. This can happen through the help of wind, water or most commonly through pollinators like bees, butterflies and hummingbirds. Example: A bee collects nectar from a flower’s petals and in the process, some pollen sticks to its legs. When the bee visits another flower, some of the pollen rubs off and fertilizes the female reproductive cells.
- Fertilization: After pollination, the next stage is fertilization. This is when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil. When the pollen and egg cells combine, it forms a seed. This process is called fertilization. Example: A pollen grain from a flower’s stamen travels down the pistil and fertilizes an egg cell, creating a seed.
- Germination: The third stage is germination, after fertilization, the seed begins to grow into a new plant. This process is called germination. Water and warmth are needed for germination to happen. Example: A seed falls to the ground and begins to grow roots, stems and leaves to form a new plant
- Fruit formation: The final stage is the formation of fruit. After the seed has germinated, the ovary of the flower begins to swell and develop into a fruit. Fruits are a way for the plant to disperse its seeds. The fruit can be eaten by animals and the seeds will be dispersed in their droppings. Example: An apple tree’s flower is pollinated and fertilized, and the ovary swells and develops into an apple.
- Seed Dispersal: Once the fruit is ripe and ready to be eaten, the seeds inside will be carried away by animals or wind. This is called seed dispersal. Example: A bird eats a cherry and the cherry pit is carried away in the bird’s droppings, and a new cherry tree will grow from the seed.
Evaluation
Objectives
- What is the first stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the process called when the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower are transferred to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the process called when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the process called when the seed begins to grow into a new plant? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the final stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the name of the process in which the ovary of the flower begins to swell and develop into a fruit? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Fruit formation
- What is the name of the process in which seeds are carried away by animals or wind? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Fertilization d) Seed dispersal
- What is the function of the fruit in a plant’s life cycle? a) To provide nutrition for the plant b) To provide a protective covering for the seed c) To disperse the seeds d) To attract pollinators
- What are some common ways that pollen is transferred from one flower to another? a) Wind, water, or pollinators b) Rain or snow c) Soil or rocks d) Insects or birds
- Which one of the following is not a stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit? a) Germination b) Pollination c) Transpiration d) Fruit formation
Fill in the gaps
- The first stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit is ________.
- The process of transferring the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower is called ________.
- The process of when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil is called ________.
- The process of when the seed begins to grow into a new plant is called ________.
- The final stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit is ________.
- The process in which the ovary of the flower begins to swell and develop into a fruit is called ________.
- The process in which seeds are carried away by animals or wind is called ________.
- The function of the fruit in a plant’s life cycle is to ________.
- Some common ways that pollen is transferred from one flower to another is through ________.
- ________ is not a stage in the development of a plant from flower to fruit
Theory
- Can you explain the process of pollination in a plant’s life cycle?
- How does fertilization occur in a plant?
- What is the role of germination in a plant’s development?
- What is the function of fruit in a plant’s reproduction?
- Can you give an example of a common way that pollen is transferred from one flower to another?
- What is the significance of seed dispersal in a plant’s life cycle?
- How does the ovary of a flower develop into a fruit?
- Can you describe the process of a seed growing into a new plant?
- What are the stages in the development of a plant from flower to fruit?
- How do pollinators aid in the reproduction of plants?
Distinguish between Pollination and Fertilization
Pollination and fertilization are two important stages in the reproduction of plants. They both play a role in creating new plants, but they are different processes.
Pollination is the process of transferring the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower. This can happen in several ways, for example:
- By the wind, where pollen grains are carried from one flower to another by the wind.
- By water, where pollen grains are carried by water currents to other flowers.
- By pollinators, like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which collect nectar from flowers and in the process, carry pollen from one flower to another.
Fertilization is the process of when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil. This happens when a pollen grain travels down the pistil and fertilizes an egg cell. When this happens, it creates a seed.
An example of pollination is when a bee collects nectar from a flower’s petals and in the process, some pollen sticks to its legs. When the bee visits another flower, some of the pollen rubs off and fertilizes the female reproductive cells.
An example of fertilization is when a pollen grain from a flower’s stamen travels down the pistil and fertilizes an egg cell, creating a seed.
To sum up, pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male to the female reproductive cells, while fertilization is the process of combining the pollen and the egg cells to create a seed
Evaluation
Objectives
- What is the process of transferring the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower called? a) Pollination b) Fertilization c) Germination d) Seed dispersal
- What is the process of when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil called? a) Pollination b) Fertilization c) Germination d) Seed dispersal
- How can pollen be transferred from one flower to another? a) By wind, water or pollinators b) By rain or snow c) By soil or rocks d) By insects or birds
- What is the main function of pollination? a) To create a seed b) To transfer pollen from the male reproductive cells to the female reproductive cells c) To disperse the seeds d) To provide a protective covering for the seed
- What is the main function of fertilization? a) To create a seed b) To transfer pollen from the male reproductive cells to the female reproductive cells c) To disperse the seeds d) To provide a protective covering for the seed
- What is the difference between pollination and fertilization? a) Pollination is the transfer of pollen while fertilization is the process of creating a seed b) Pollination is the process of creating a seed while fertilization is the transfer of pollen c) Both pollination and fertilization are the transfer of pollen d) Both pollination and fertilization are the process of creating a seed
- What is an example of pollination? a) A bee collects nectar from a flower’s petals and in the process, some pollen sticks to its legs. b) A seed falls to the ground and begins to grow roots, stems and leaves to form a new plant c) An apple tree’s flower is pollinated and fertilized, and the ovary swells and develops into an apple d) A bird eats a cherry and the cherry pit is carried away in the bird’s droppings, and a new cherry tree will grow from the seed
- What is an example of fertilization? a) A bee collects nectar from a flower’s petals and in the process, some pollen sticks to its legs. b) A seed falls to the ground and begins to grow roots, stems and leaves to form a new plant c) An apple tree’s flower is pollinated and fertilized, and the ovary swells and develops into an apple d) A pollen grain from a flower’s stamen travels down the pistil and fertilizes an egg cell, creating a seed
- What are the common ways that pollen can be transferred from one flower to another? a) By wind, water or pollinators b) By rain or snow c) By soil or rocks d) By insects or birds
- Pollination and fertilization are both important stages in the reproduction of plants, but what is the main difference between them? a) Pollination is the transfer of pollen while fertilization is the process of creating a seed b) Pollination is the process of creating a seed while fertilization is the transfer of pollen c) Both pollination and fertilization are the transfer of pollen d) Both pollination and fertilization are the process of creating a seed
Fill in the gaps
- The process of transferring the male reproductive cells (pollen) from the stamen of one flower to the female reproductive cells (ovules) in the pistil of another flower is called ________.
- The process of when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil is called ________.
- The main function of pollination is to ________.
- The main function of fertilization is to ________.
- Pollination and fertilization are different because ________.
- An example of pollination is ________.
- An example of fertilization is ________.
- Some common ways that pollen can be transferred from one flower to another is through ________.
- The term for the process in which seeds are carried away by animals or wind is ________.
- Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male to the female reproductive cells while fertilization is the process of combining the pollen and the egg cells to create a ________
Theory
- Can you explain the process of pollination in a plant’s life cycle?
- How does fertilization occur in a plant?
- What is the main difference between pollination and fertilization?
- Can you give an example of pollination?
- Can you give an example of fertilization?
- How do pollinators aid in the pollination process?
- What are some common ways that pollen is transferred from one flower to another?
- How does fertilization lead to the creation of a seed?
- Can you describe the role of the pistil and stamen in pollination and fertilization?
- How do pollination and fertilization contribute to the reproduction of plants?
Lesson Presentation
The lesson is presented step by step
Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic which was Reproduction in Plants
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic
Introduction (10 minutes):
- Begin the lesson by showing pictures of different flowers and pollinators.
- Ask the students to observe the pictures and identify the parts of the flowers and the insects or animals that are visiting them.
- Introduce the topic of the lesson, pollination and fertilization and ask students if they know what these terms mean.
Direct Instruction (20 minutes):
- Using diagrams of the parts of a flower, explain the process of pollination and the role of the stamen and pistil in this process.
- Use examples of common pollinators like bees, butterflies and hummingbirds to illustrate the process of pollination.
- Explain the process of fertilization and how it occurs when the pollen from the stamen meets the egg cells from the pistil.
- Distribute handouts on pollination and fertilization and ask students to follow along.
Guided Practice (20 minutes):
- Divide students into pairs and give each pair a set of pictures of flowers and pollinators.
- Ask students to identify the process of pollination and fertilization in each picture and explain their observations.
- As a class, discuss the observations and correct any misconceptions.
Independent Practice (20 minutes):
- Provide students with worksheets or activity sheets on pollination and fertilization.
- Ask students to complete the worksheets independently and check their answers as a class.
Closure (10 minutes):
- Review the key points of the lesson and ask students to summarize the process of pollination and fertilization in their own words.
- Assign a class project where students create a visual representation of the process of pollination and fertilization using materials of their choice (e.g. drawings, diagrams, 3D models).
- Provide time for students to share their projects with the class and explain their work.
- End the lesson by asking students to reflect on what they have learned and how they can apply it in their everyday lives.
Assessment:
- Formative assessment can be done through observing and listening to students during the discussion, worksheets and class project.
- Summative assessment can be done through a quiz or test on the key concepts and terms related to pollination and fertilization.
