Meaning and types of pollution

Subject : Social Studies

 

 

Topic :

Meaning and types of pollution

 

 

Class : Primary 5

 

 

Term :  Third Term

 

Week : Week 10

 

Previous Knowledge : Pupils have previous knowledge of

What we can do prevent drug abuse

that have been taught in their former lessons and classes

 

Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the lesson , pupils should be able to

 

1 define pollution.

2 mention at least three types of pollution that are common in your locality.

3 mention at least one effect of each of the types.

4 write at least five ways of controlling pollution and its effects.

 

 

Methods Of Teaching 

• Discussion
• Explanation
• Dramatization
• Dialogue
• Story telling
• Questions and Answers
• Role Modelling

 

 

Instructional Materials 

• Wall Charts
• Pictures
• Online materials
• Textbooks
• Scheme of work
• Workbooks

 

 

 

Content 

Meaning of pollution

Pollution means to defile . Pollution means to make dirty . Pollution means to make unfit and unsafe for human and animal use . Pollution is anything that makes our water, land, air and environment dirty and

unsafe for human use.

For example, a heap of rubbish is a type of pollution. A dead animal lying on

the road causes pollution.  Smoke coming out from the exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle ,  empty plastic bottles of soft carbonated drinks , smoke from cigar, tear gas , insecticides ,

Polythene bags, orange peels and remnants of food items pollute the

surroundings.

Types , Samples or Examples of Pollution in Our Area 

1 Water pollution

These are substances or objects that make water unfit and unsafe for man and animal use .Water pollution takes place when dirty materials are dumped into streams,

ponds, lakes, rivers and other bodies of water. Some people urinate and

excrete into streams. This makes water from the streams unfit for drinking. Wells

which are not covered can have various germs getting into them, thus making

them dangerous.

Some people spray chemicals into water while fishing. This pollutes the

water and kills the fish. Fish caught by this method are unfit for eating.

By-products or waste from factories sometimes flow into streams and rivers

and cause water pollution.

2 Air pollution

Air pollution takes place when coal, kerosene, petrol and engine oil burn.

When they are burning, they produce smoke. The smoke makes the air dirty

and dangerous. Smoke from factories also pollutes the air.

3 Noise

Noise (perhaps in the form of constant loud music or rowdiness) is a kind of

pollution. It disturbs the mind and prevents people from sleeping, resting or

reasoning properly.

Effects of pollution

Water pollution has the following effects:

1 It makes the water dirty and unfit for drinking.

2 It causes diseases like dysentery, typhoid fever and cholera.

Air pollution has the following effects:

1 It makes the air dirty and bad for breathing into the body.

2 It causes sneezing, blood poisoning, cough, lung diseases and cold.

Noise, as pollution, has the following effects:

1 Noise disturbs people’s minds and prevents them from reasoning properly and

thinking creatively.

2 Noise can also cause headaches and sleeplessness.

Control of pollution

1 Factories should dump their waste at the proper places.

2 Factories and industries should be built or located far away from where

people live.

3 Landlords should provide modern toilet facilities in their houses.

4 Everyone should ensure that the environment is clean always. We can do this

through regular sweeping, cleaning of gutters and cutting of grasses in our

area.

5 Those living in towns and cities should dump their refuse only at refuse dumps

approved by the local government.

6 The government should ensure that refuse at dump sites is removed regularly.

This will prevent the refuse from becoming so much as to cause pollution.

7 The government should discourage owners of smoky cars from plying the

roads.

8 People should live in quiet areas. Again people in the neighbourhood could

take action against anyone who is in the habit of producing noise in the

environment.

 

 

 

 

 

Presentation 

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1 : He revises the previous topics

Step 2 : The class teacher introduces the new topic

Step 3 : The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and he or she corrects them when the needs arise

 

 

 

Evaluation 

Assessment & Evaluation:

1 define pollution.

2 mention at least three types of pollution that are common in your locality.

3 mention at least one effect of each of the types.

4 write at least five ways of controlling pollution and its effects.

Exercise

A Choose the best answers for the following questions.

1 Anything that makes our environment dirty and unsafe for human use is known

as _____________.

A contamination B pollination C pollution

2 A heap of rubbish in our environment is _____________.

A a sign of healthy environment B a form of pollution

C a way of life

3 Pollution occurs _____________.

A on land only B in the air only C everywhere

4 The dumping of dirty materials into streams, ponds, lakes and other bodies of

water is called _____________.

A pond pollution B water pollution C stream pollution

ssssss5 We can pollute rivers by _____________.

A using chemicals to kill fish B fetching water with bucket

C putting dam into it

6 One way of causing air pollution is _____________.

A urinating into streams B closing all the windows in our rooms

C burning firewood

7 Smoke from factories can cause __________________ pollution.

A air B water C noise

8 Sound of generators in our compound can cause _____________ pollution.

A air B water C noise

9 The type of pollution caused by people who play loud music is _____________

pollution.

A air B water C noise

Conclusion 

 

The class teacher gives out a short note and he or she goes round to do the necessary marking .

 

Write short notes on different types of pollution

Air pollution

Air pollution, the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. It is caused by emissions from factories, automobiles, and other sources. Air pollution can cause a variety of health problems, including respiratory infections, asthma, heart disease, and cancer.

Water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers, and oceans, with chemicals, sewage, or other waste matter. Water pollution is a major environmental problem; it can cause a variety of health problems in humans and other animals, and can damage ecosystems.

Soil pollution

Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with chemicals that are harmful to plants, animals, or humans. Soil pollution can be caused by a variety of sources, including agricultural chemicals, industrial waste, and mining activities. Soil pollution can lead to a number of health problems in humans and other animals, and can damage ecosystems.

Noise pollution

Noise pollution is the unwanted sound that disrupts the environment. It can be caused by a variety of sources, including automobiles, aircraft, construction equipment, and loud music. Noise pollution can cause a number of health problems, including sleep disturbances, hearing loss, and cardiovascular disease.

Light pollution

Light pollution is the unwanted light that disrupts the environment. It can be caused by artificial lights, such as streetlights, headlights, and advertising lights. Light pollution can cause a number of problems, including sleep disturbances, glare, and light trespass.

Thermal pollution

Thermal pollution is the release of heat into the environment. It can be caused by power plants, factories, and other sources. Thermal pollution can cause a variety of problems, including global warming, habitat destruction, and water pollution.