Sources of Electricity. The flow of Electricity

Subject :BASIC Science and Technology

WEEK 10

TOPIC: YOU AND ENERGY

SUBTOPIC: BASIC ELECTRICITY

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: AT THE END OF THE LESSON, PUPILS SHOULD BE ABLE TO

1. Explain how electricity travels from one point to another

2. Group materials into conductor and non conductor

3. state the uses of electricity.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

Light bulb

Magnets

Circuit board

Paper clips

Bar magnets

Connecting wires

Topic :

• Basic Electricity
• The flow of electric current
• Conductors and non conductors
• Sources of electricity
• Uses of electricity
• Component of a circuit

Class :Primary 5

Term :Third Term

Week : Week 10

Instructional Materials :

Dry cells, batteries, wire nails, wall charts

Behavioural Objectives :  At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

• Explain the flow of Electricity
• Mention examples of conductors and non conductors
• Sources of electricity
• Component of a circuit
• Uses of electricity

Content :

Electricity charges exist and their existence can be demonstrated. There are two types of electricity which are static electricity and current electricity. These types of electricity are different from each other. Static electricity does not flow. Current electricity flows through element that allows the flow of Electricity. Elements that allow the flow of Electricity are called conductors while the materials that do not allow the flow of Electricity are called non conductors.

Electricity is a form of energy that can give things the ability to move and work. Electricity makes the following to do work or move: bulbs, toys, machines, cars, television etc.

CONDUCTOR AND NON CONDUCTOR

CONDUCTOR

Conductors are materials that allow energy to flow through them. For example, wire, iron, pin, spoon, etc. They are called electric conductors

NON CONDUCTOR

Non conductors are materials that do not allow energy to flow through them. For example, paper, broom, thread cloth etc.

MEANING AND COMPONENTS OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Electric circuit contains three (3) components:

1. Source-batteries

2, Electric conductor-wire

3. Resistor-the switch (on/off)

USES OF ELECTRICITY

1. Heating and cooling water
2. Water heater
3. Washer and dryer
4. Lights
5. Refrigerator
6. Electric oven
7. Dishwasher
8. Decoration-Christmas light
9. Cooking
10. Operating all our home appliances-television, computer, radio, fan, pressing iron.
11. Operating machinery and public transportation systems

People that study and work with electricity believe that, in an electrical circuit, electricity flows one point which is called the positive out of the positive terminal of a battery and back into the negative terminal. Electronic technicians believe that electricity flows the other direction: out of the negative end of a battery and back into the positive point or start .

Conductors are any materials that allow the free flow of current of electricity. They easily allow the flow of Electricity

Examples of electrical conductors are

1. Silver.
2. Gold.
3. Copper.
4. Aluminum.
5. Mercury.
6. Steel.
7. Iron.
8. Seawater.

Non conductors do not allow free flow of Electricity

Examples of materials that do not easily allow the free flow of electric current are

1. Paper
2. Rubber.
3. Glass.
4. Pure water.
5. Oil.
6. Air.
7. Diamond.
8. Wood.
9. Dry cotton.
10. Plastic

Sources of Electricity

There are three sources of Electricity which are

fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum),

nuclear energy,

renewable energy sources.

Most electricity is generated with steam turbines using fossil fuels, or nuclear, or biomass,

In Nigeria, our source of electrify is hydro electricity which means we make use of steam turbines to generate electricity from kanji dam

Uses of Electricity

In most homes in Nigeria, electricity is used mostly for the following purposes

1. lighting,
2. heating,
3. Cooking
4. Ironing
5. cooling
6. refrigeration
7. Playing games 
8. for operating appliances,
9. For operating computers,
10. For operating electronics,
11. For operating machinery, 
12. For public street light 

Presentation

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1: The class teacher revises the previous topics

Step 2. He introduces the new topic

Step 3: The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

Evaluation :

Mention five uses of electricity

1…………………………………..

2…………………………………..

3………………………………….

4…………………………………

5…………………………………

Mention two types of Electricity

6……………………………………..

7……………………………………..

Mention three sources of Electricity

8………………………………..

9…………………………………

10………………………………

1. Explain how electricity travels from one point to another

2. Group materials into conductor and non conductor

3. state the uses of electricity.

Conclusion :

He gives a brief note on the topic and he goes round to mark

Assignment :

ASSIGNMENT

Now complete the following sentences. Use these words:

metals, non-metals, conductors, non-conductors.

1.

Metals are usually ____________________ of electricity.

2.

______________ are usually non-conductors of electricity.

3.

Non-metals are usually _________________ of electricity.

4.

_________________ are usually conductors of electricity.