Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes Primary 4 Third Term Lesson Notes Mathematics Week 10

Detailed Lesson Plan: Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 10
Topic: Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes
Sub-topic: Understanding and Identifying Properties of 2D and 3D Shapes
Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify 2D and 3D shapes.
2. Understand the properties of 2D and 3D shapes.
3. Recognize examples of real-life objects representing 2D and 3D shapes.

Key Words:

• 2D shapes
• 3D shapes
• Length
• Width
• Depth
• Faces
• Edges
• Vertices

Entry Behaviour:

Students have basic knowledge of common shapes such as squares, circles, and cubes.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with pictures of 2D and 3D shapes
• Real-life objects (e.g., books, balls, boxes)
• Drawing paper and pencils
• Rulers
• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Review common shapes and their names.
• Discuss how students use these shapes in daily life.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Observation
• Comparison
• Real-life application

Learning Materials:

• Flashcards
• Real-life objects
• Drawing materials

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 4 Mathematics

Instructional Materials:

• Flashcards
• Real-life objects
• Drawing materials

Content:

1. Definition of 2D and 3D Shapes
2. Properties of 2D Shapes (Length and Width)
3. Properties of 3D Shapes (Length, Width, and Depth)
4. Examples of 2D and 3D Shapes in Real Life

Presentation:

Understanding 2D and 3D Shapes

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify and distinguish between 2D shapes and 3D shapes.
2. Understand the properties of three-dimensional shapes.
3. Recognize examples of real-life objects representing 2D and 3D shapes.

2D Shapes (Two-Dimensional) ✏️

1. Definition:
   • Flat shapes that have length and width but no depth.
2. Properties:
   • Length and width only.
   • Can be drawn on paper.
3. Examples:
   • Square: 🟦
   • Rectangle: 🟥
   • Triangle: 🔺
   • Circle: ⚪
4. Real-life Examples:
   • Square: Chessboard, window.
   • Rectangle: Book, door.
   • Triangle: Road sign, slice of pizza.
   • Circle: Clock, coin.

3D Shapes (Three-Dimensional) 📦

1. Definition:
   • Solid shapes that have length, width, and depth.
2. Properties:
   • Length, width, and depth (height).
   • Can be held and touched.
3. Examples:
   • Cube: 🟫
   • Cuboid: 📦
   • Sphere: ⚽
   • Cylinder: 🥤
   • Cone: 🍦
   • Pyramid: 🎪
4. Real-life Examples:
   • Cube: Dice, Rubik’s cube.
   • Cuboid: Box, refrigerator.
   • Sphere: Basketball, globe.
   • Cylinder: Can of soda, candle.
   • Cone: Ice cream cone, traffic cone.
   • Pyramid: Egyptian pyramid, toy block.

Summary

• 2D shapes are flat and only have length and width (e.g., squares, circles).
• 3D shapes are solid and have length, width, and depth (e.g., cubes, spheres).
• Real-life examples help us recognize these shapes in our everyday environment.

Evaluation on the topic of distinguishing between 2D shapes and 3D shapes for Primary 4 pupils:

1. A circle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
   b) 3D
   c) both
   d) none
2. A cube has __________ faces. a) 4
   b) 6
   c) 8
   d) 10
3. A rectangle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
   b) 3D
   c) both
   d) none
4. A sphere is a __________ shape. a) 2D
   b) 3D
   c) both
   d) none
5. A square has __________ sides. a) 2
   b) 3
   c) 4
   d) 5
6. A cylinder has __________ faces. a) 1
   b) 2
   c) 3
   d) 4
7. A triangle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
   b) 3D
   c) both
   d) none
8. A cone has __________ face. a) 1
   b) 2
   c) 3
   d) 4
9. A circle has __________ sides. a) 1
   b) 2
   c) 3
   d) 0
10. A cuboid is a __________ shape. a) 2D
    b) 3D
    c) both
    d) none
11. A square is a __________ shape. a) 2D
    b) 3D
    c) both
    d) none
12. A sphere has __________ edges. a) 0
    b) 1
    c) 2
    d) 3
13. A pyramid has a __________ base. a) round
    b) triangular
    c) square
    d) oval
14. A book is an example of a __________. a) cube
    b) cuboid
    c) sphere
    d) cone
15. A clock face is an example of a __________ shape. a) 2D
    b) 3D
    c) both
    d) none

Class Activity Discussion on distinguishing between 2D shapes and 3D shapes, suitable for Primary 4 pupils:

1. Q: What is a 2D shape?
   • A: A 2D shape is flat and has length and width but no depth.
2. Q: What is a 3D shape?
   • A: A 3D shape is solid and has length, width, and depth.
3. Q: Can you give an example of a 2D shape?
   • A: Yes, a circle is a 2D shape.
4. Q: Can you give an example of a 3D shape?
   • A: Yes, a cube is a 3D shape.
5. Q: What are the properties of a rectangle?
   • A: A rectangle has four sides and four right angles, and it is a 2D shape.
6. Q: What are the properties of a cuboid?
   • A: A cuboid has six faces, twelve edges, and eight vertices, and it is a 3D shape.
7. Q: How many sides does a triangle have?
   • A: A triangle has three sides.
8. Q: How many faces does a sphere have?
   • A: A sphere has one curved face and no edges or vertices.
9. Q: Is a square a 2D or 3D shape?
   • A: A square is a 2D shape.
10. Q: Is a cylinder a 2D or 3D shape?
    • A: A cylinder is a 3D shape.
11. Q: What is an example of a 2D shape in real life?
    • A: A piece of paper is an example of a 2D shape.
12. Q: What is an example of a 3D shape in real life?
    • A: A ball is an example of a 3D shape.
13. Q: How many edges does a cube have?
    • A: A cube has twelve edges.
14. Q: How many sides does a hexagon have?
    • A: A hexagon has six sides.
15. Q: What are the properties of a cone?
    • A: A cone has one flat circular base, one curved surface, and one vertex. It is a 3D shape.

Step 1: Revision of the Previous Topic (10 minutes)

• The teacher revises the previous topic on basic shapes.
• Questions to ask:
  • What is a square?
  • Can you name a round shape?
  • What shape is a book?

Step 2: Introduction of the New Topic (15 minutes)

• The teacher introduces the new topic by showing flashcards of 2D and 3D shapes.
• Explain that 2D shapes are flat and have only length and width (e.g., square, circle).
• Explain that 3D shapes are solid and have length, width, and depth (e.g., cube, sphere).
• Show real-life examples for better understanding.

Step 3: Student Contributions and Corrections (15 minutes)

• The teacher asks students to name more examples of 2D and 3D shapes.
• Students share their examples and discuss.
• The teacher corrects any misconceptions and reinforces learning with more examples.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Show and explain the flashcards.
• Use real-life objects to demonstrate 2D and 3D shapes.
• Ask questions to engage students.

Learners’ Activities:

• Observe the flashcards and real-life objects.
• Answer questions and provide examples.
• Participate in discussions.

Assessment: (10 minutes)

• Students complete a worksheet with fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions.
• The teacher assesses understanding through their answers and participation.

Evaluation Questions:

1. A square is a __________ shape.
   • a) 2D
   • b) 3D
2. A ball is an example of a __________ shape.
   • a) 2D
   • b) 3D
3. How many faces does a cube have?
   • a) 4
   • b) 6
4. A triangle has __________ sides.
   • a) 2
   • b) 3
5. A book is an example of a __________.
   • a) cube
   • b) cuboid
6. How many edges does a cylinder have?
   • a) 0
   • b) 2
7. A circle is a __________ shape.
   • a) 2D
   • b) 3D
8. A cone has __________ face.
   • a) 1
   • b) 2
9. How many vertices does a pyramid have?
   • a) 5
   • b) 6
10. How many sides does a hexagon have?
    • a) 5
    • b) 6

Conclusion: (10 minutes)

• The teacher goes around to check students’ work and provide feedback.
• Recap the main points of the lesson.
• Encourage students to identify shapes in their surroundings.

This lesson plan aims to help students clearly distinguish between 2D and 3D shapes by providing engaging, hands-on learning activities.

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