Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes Primary 4 Third Term Lesson Notes Mathematics Week 10
Detailed Lesson Plan: Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 10
Topic: Distinguishing Between 2D and 3D Shapes
Sub-topic: Understanding and Identifying Properties of 2D and 3D Shapes
Duration: 60 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Identify 2D and 3D shapes.
- Understand the properties of 2D and 3D shapes.
- Recognize examples of real-life objects representing 2D and 3D shapes.
Key Words:
- 2D shapes
- 3D shapes
- Length
- Width
- Depth
- Faces
- Edges
- Vertices
Entry Behaviour:
Students have basic knowledge of common shapes such as squares, circles, and cubes.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Flashcards with pictures of 2D and 3D shapes
- Real-life objects (e.g., books, balls, boxes)
- Drawing paper and pencils
- Rulers
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:
- Review common shapes and their names.
- Discuss how students use these shapes in daily life.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Critical thinking
- Observation
- Comparison
- Real-life application
Learning Materials:
- Flashcards
- Real-life objects
- Drawing materials
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 4 Mathematics
Instructional Materials:
- Flashcards
- Real-life objects
- Drawing materials
Content:
- Definition of 2D and 3D Shapes
- Properties of 2D Shapes (Length and Width)
- Properties of 3D Shapes (Length, Width, and Depth)
- Examples of 2D and 3D Shapes in Real Life
Presentation:
Understanding 2D and 3D Shapes
Learning Objectives:
- Identify and distinguish between 2D shapes and 3D shapes.
- Understand the properties of three-dimensional shapes.
- Recognize examples of real-life objects representing 2D and 3D shapes.
2D Shapes (Two-Dimensional) ✏️
- Definition:
- Flat shapes that have length and width but no depth.
- Properties:
- Length and width only.
- Can be drawn on paper.
- Examples:
- Square: 🟦
- Rectangle: 🟥
- Triangle: 🔺
- Circle: ⚪
- Real-life Examples:
- Square: Chessboard, window.
- Rectangle: Book, door.
- Triangle: Road sign, slice of pizza.
- Circle: Clock, coin.
3D Shapes (Three-Dimensional) 📦
- Definition:
- Solid shapes that have length, width, and depth.
- Properties:
- Length, width, and depth (height).
- Can be held and touched.
- Examples:
- Cube: 🟫
- Cuboid: 📦
- Sphere: ⚽
- Cylinder: 🥤
- Cone: 🍦
- Pyramid: 🎪
- Real-life Examples:
- Cube: Dice, Rubik’s cube.
- Cuboid: Box, refrigerator.
- Sphere: Basketball, globe.
- Cylinder: Can of soda, candle.
- Cone: Ice cream cone, traffic cone.
- Pyramid: Egyptian pyramid, toy block.
Summary
- 2D shapes are flat and only have length and width (e.g., squares, circles).
- 3D shapes are solid and have length, width, and depth (e.g., cubes, spheres).
- Real-life examples help us recognize these shapes in our everyday environment.
Evaluation on the topic of distinguishing between 2D shapes and 3D shapes for Primary 4 pupils:
- A circle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A cube has __________ faces. a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 10 - A rectangle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A sphere is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A square has __________ sides. a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5 - A cylinder has __________ faces. a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4 - A triangle is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A cone has __________ face. a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4 - A circle has __________ sides. a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 0 - A cuboid is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A square is a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none - A sphere has __________ edges. a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3 - A pyramid has a __________ base. a) round
b) triangular
c) square
d) oval - A book is an example of a __________. a) cube
b) cuboid
c) sphere
d) cone - A clock face is an example of a __________ shape. a) 2D
b) 3D
c) both
d) none
Class Activity Discussion on distinguishing between 2D shapes and 3D shapes, suitable for Primary 4 pupils:
- Q: What is a 2D shape?
- A: A 2D shape is flat and has length and width but no depth.
- Q: What is a 3D shape?
- A: A 3D shape is solid and has length, width, and depth.
- Q: Can you give an example of a 2D shape?
- A: Yes, a circle is a 2D shape.
- Q: Can you give an example of a 3D shape?
- A: Yes, a cube is a 3D shape.
- Q: What are the properties of a rectangle?
- A: A rectangle has four sides and four right angles, and it is a 2D shape.
- Q: What are the properties of a cuboid?
- A: A cuboid has six faces, twelve edges, and eight vertices, and it is a 3D shape.
- Q: How many sides does a triangle have?
- A: A triangle has three sides.
- Q: How many faces does a sphere have?
- A: A sphere has one curved face and no edges or vertices.
- Q: Is a square a 2D or 3D shape?
- A: A square is a 2D shape.
- Q: Is a cylinder a 2D or 3D shape?
- A: A cylinder is a 3D shape.
- Q: What is an example of a 2D shape in real life?
- A: A piece of paper is an example of a 2D shape.
- Q: What is an example of a 3D shape in real life?
- A: A ball is an example of a 3D shape.
- Q: How many edges does a cube have?
- A: A cube has twelve edges.
- Q: How many sides does a hexagon have?
- A: A hexagon has six sides.
- Q: What are the properties of a cone?
- A: A cone has one flat circular base, one curved surface, and one vertex. It is a 3D shape.
Step 1: Revision of the Previous Topic (10 minutes)
- The teacher revises the previous topic on basic shapes.
- Questions to ask:
- What is a square?
- Can you name a round shape?
- What shape is a book?
Step 2: Introduction of the New Topic (15 minutes)
- The teacher introduces the new topic by showing flashcards of 2D and 3D shapes.
- Explain that 2D shapes are flat and have only length and width (e.g., square, circle).
- Explain that 3D shapes are solid and have length, width, and depth (e.g., cube, sphere).
- Show real-life examples for better understanding.
Step 3: Student Contributions and Corrections (15 minutes)
- The teacher asks students to name more examples of 2D and 3D shapes.
- Students share their examples and discuss.
- The teacher corrects any misconceptions and reinforces learning with more examples.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Show and explain the flashcards.
- Use real-life objects to demonstrate 2D and 3D shapes.
- Ask questions to engage students.
Learners’ Activities:
- Observe the flashcards and real-life objects.
- Answer questions and provide examples.
- Participate in discussions.
Assessment: (10 minutes)
- Students complete a worksheet with fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions.
- The teacher assesses understanding through their answers and participation.
Evaluation Questions:
- A square is a __________ shape.
- a) 2D
- b) 3D
- A ball is an example of a __________ shape.
- a) 2D
- b) 3D
- How many faces does a cube have?
- a) 4
- b) 6
- A triangle has __________ sides.
- a) 2
- b) 3
- A book is an example of a __________.
- a) cube
- b) cuboid
- How many edges does a cylinder have?
- a) 0
- b) 2
- A circle is a __________ shape.
- a) 2D
- b) 3D
- A cone has __________ face.
- a) 1
- b) 2
- How many vertices does a pyramid have?
- a) 5
- b) 6
- How many sides does a hexagon have?
- a) 5
- b) 6
Conclusion: (10 minutes)
- The teacher goes around to check students’ work and provide feedback.
- Recap the main points of the lesson.
- Encourage students to identify shapes in their surroundings.
This lesson plan aims to help students clearly distinguish between 2D and 3D shapes by providing engaging, hands-on learning activities.
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