Vehicles Meaning and Types Basic Science Primary 4 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 4

Lesson Plan: Vehicles

Subject: Basic Science

Class: Primary 4

Term: Third Term

Week: 4

Topic: Vehicles

Sub-topic: Meaning of Vehicles, Types of Vehicles, External Parts of Vehicles, Use and Disadvantages of Vehicles

Duration: 40 Minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define what a vehicle is.
2. List different types of vehicles.
3. Identify the external parts of vehicles.
4. Explain the uses and disadvantages of vehicles.

Key Words

• Vehicle
• Land vehicles
• Water vehicles
• Air vehicles
• Wheels
• Doors
• Pollution

Entry Behaviour

Pupils are familiar with seeing cars, buses, and bicycles in their environment.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Pictures of different types of vehicles
• Toy models of vehicles
• Flashcards with vehicle parts

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Pupils have seen various vehicles around them and may have traveled in some.

Embedded Core Skills

• Observation
• Critical Thinking
• Communication

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Science Textbook for Primary 4

Instructional Materials

• Pictures of cars, boats, airplanes, and trains
• Flashcards with names and pictures of vehicle parts
• Toy models of vehicles

Content

• Meaning of a vehicle
• Different types of vehicles (land, water, air, rail)
• External parts of vehicles (wheels, doors, windows, lights, mirrors, bumpers)
• Use and disadvantages of vehicles

A vehicle is a machine with an engine that is used to take people or things from one place to another.

The different types of motor vehicle are:

i.Bicycle

ii.Motorcycle

iii.Car

iv.Bus

v.Truck

vi.Trailer.

Vehicles

Meaning of a Vehicle

• Vehicle: A machine that moves people or goods from one place to another.
  • Examples: Car, bus, bicycle, airplane 🚗🚌🚲✈️

Different Types of Vehicles

1. Land Vehicles 🚗
   • Examples: Cars, buses, bicycles.
2. Water Vehicles 🚤
   • Examples: Boats, ships.
3. Air Vehicles ✈️
   • Examples: Airplanes, helicopters.
4. Rail Vehicles 🚂
   • Examples: Trains, trams.

External Parts of a Vehicle

1. Wheels 🛞
   • Help the vehicle move.
2. Doors 🚪
   • Allow people to enter and exit.
3. Windows 🪟
   • Let passengers see outside.
4. Lights 💡
   • Help the driver see at night.
5. Mirrors 🪞
   • Help the driver see behind and beside the vehicle.
6. Bumpers 🚧
   • Protect the vehicle in minor collisions.

Use of Vehicles

1. Transportation 🚗
   • Moving people and goods.
2. Emergency Services 🚑
   • Ambulances, fire trucks.
3. Recreation 🚤
   • Boats, bicycles for fun activities.
4. Work 🚜
   • Tractors, delivery trucks.

Disadvantages of Vehicles

1. Pollution 🌫️
   • Cars and trucks produce harmful gases.
2. Accidents 🚑
   • Risk of crashes and injuries.
3. Traffic Jams 🚦
   • Delay travel time.
4. Noise 🔊
   • Vehicles can be loud and disturbing.

External parts of a Vehicle,They are:

1.Side mirror

2.Wheel tyre

3.Windscreen

4.Bonnet

5.Head lamp

6.Bumper

Class Activity Discussion on Vehicles

1. Q: What is a vehicle?
   • A: A machine that moves people or goods.
2. Q: Can you name a type of land vehicle?
   • A: Car, bus, or bicycle.
3. Q: What is a water vehicle?
   • A: A boat or ship.
4. Q: Can you give an example of an air vehicle?
   • A: An airplane or helicopter.
5. Q: What type of vehicle runs on tracks?
   • A: A train or tram.
6. Q: What part of a vehicle helps it to move?
   • A: Wheels.
7. Q: What part of a vehicle allows people to enter and exit?
   • A: Doors.
8. Q: What part of a vehicle lets passengers see outside?
   • A: Windows.
9. Q: What helps the driver see at night?
   • A: Lights.
10. Q: What part of a vehicle helps the driver see behind?
    • A: Mirrors.
11. Q: What part protects the vehicle in minor collisions?
    • A: Bumpers.
12. Q: What is the main use of vehicles?
    • A: Transporting people and goods.
13. Q: What vehicles are used in emergencies?
    • A: Ambulances and fire trucks.
14. Q: What is one disadvantage of vehicles?
    • A: They cause pollution.
15. Q: How can vehicles cause problems in cities?
    • A: They can cause traffic jams

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PRIMARY 4 1ST TERM EXAMINATION

Evaluation

1.What is a vehicle?

2.list five types of vehicles.

3.outline four external parts of a vehicle.

4.Make a neat sketch of a type of vehicle you know.

Questions on Vehicles

1. A __________ is a machine that moves people or goods. a) Plant b) Vehicle c) Building d) Animal
2. An example of a land vehicle is a __________. a) Boat b) Airplane c) Car d) Submarine
3. A __________ is used to travel on water. a) Helicopter b) Bicycle c) Boat d) Car
4. An airplane is a type of __________ vehicle. a) Land b) Water c) Air d) Rail
5. A __________ runs on tracks and is a rail vehicle. a) Car b) Boat c) Train d) Bicycle
6. The __________ help a vehicle to move. a) Doors b) Windows c) Wheels d) Mirrors
7. __________ allow people to enter and exit a vehicle. a) Bumpers b) Mirrors c) Lights d) Doors
8. __________ let passengers see outside. a) Wheels b) Windows c) Bumpers d) Lights
9. __________ help the driver see at night. a) Mirrors b) Bumpers c) Lights d) Wheels
10. __________ help the driver see behind and beside the vehicle. a) Mirrors b) Doors c) Lights d) Wheels
11. __________ protect the vehicle in minor collisions. a) Windows b) Doors c) Bumpers d) Mirrors
12. Vehicles are used for __________ people and goods. a) Building b) Transporting c) Planting d) Cooking
13. __________ vehicles are used in emergencies. a) Sports b) Work c) Recreational d) Ambulances
14. A disadvantage of vehicles is __________. a) Fast travel b) Pollution c) Comfort d) Safety
15. Vehicles can cause __________ in cities. a) Fresh air b) Quiet c) Traffic jams d) Clean streets

Presentation

Step 1: Revision

Teacher’s Activities:

• Review the previous topic on types of buildings.
• Ask pupils to recall different types of buildings and their uses.

Learners’ Activities:

• Pupils respond by naming types of buildings and their uses.

Step 2: Introduction of New Topic

Teacher’s Activities:

• Introduce the new topic: Vehicles.
• Define what a vehicle is.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen and ask questions about the definition of a vehicle.

Step 3: Types of Vehicles

Teacher’s Activities:

• Show pictures of different types of vehicles (cars, boats, airplanes, trains).
• Explain each type (land, water, air, rail).

Learners’ Activities:

• Observe the pictures and identify each type of vehicle.
• Discuss examples of these vehicles they have seen.

Step 4: External Parts of Vehicles

Teacher’s Activities:

• Show pictures and flashcards of vehicle parts (wheels, doors, windows, lights, mirrors, bumpers).
• Explain the function of each part.

Learners’ Activities:

• Identify and name the parts of vehicles.
• Discuss the function of each part.

Step 5: Uses and Disadvantages of Vehicles

Teacher’s Activities:

• Discuss the uses of vehicles (transporting people and goods, emergency services).
• Discuss the disadvantages of vehicles (pollution, accidents, traffic jams, noise).

Learners’ Activities:

• List the uses of vehicles.
• Discuss the disadvantages they have observed.

Teacher’s Activities

• Guide pupils through the definitions and types of vehicles.
• Demonstrate the external parts and their functions.
• Facilitate discussions on uses and disadvantages.

Learners’ Activities

• Participate in discussions.
• Observe and identify vehicle parts.
• Share their experiences with different vehicles.

Assessment

• Assess through participation, discussion, and practical activities.

Ten Evaluation Questions

1. What is a vehicle?
2. Name a type of land vehicle.
3. Give an example of a water vehicle.
4. What type of vehicle is an airplane?
5. Name a vehicle that runs on tracks.
6. What part of a vehicle helps it move?
7. What part of a vehicle lets people enter?
8. What part of a vehicle lets passengers see outside?
9. What helps the driver see at night?
10. What part of a vehicle helps in minor collisions?

Conclusion

Teacher’s Activities:

• Go around the class to check pupils’ work.
• Provide feedback and corrections.

Learners’ Activities:

• Complete their tasks and ask questions.

Exploring Different Types of Vehicles

PRIMARY 4 FIRST TERM LESSON NOTES BASIC SCIENCE