Revision Ratio and Proportion Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 11

Class: Primary 5

Subject: Mathematics

Topic: Ratio and Proportion

Duration: 45 minutes

Term: First Term

Week: 11

Set Induction: Begin the lesson by showing a picture of a recipe with ingredients in different ratios. Ask students if they have ever seen or used ratios in their daily lives, sparking a discussion about where ratios can be found outside the classroom.

Previous Lesson: Recap the previous lesson on basic multiplication and division concepts. Relate it to today’s topic by highlighting how understanding ratios and proportions builds on these foundational skills.

Learning Objectives:

1. Define and understand the concept of ratio.
2. Learn to express ratios in their simplest form.
3. Introduce the concept of proportion and its relevance.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Mathematical reasoning
• Problem-solving
• Critical thinking

Learning Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Ratio and proportion examples
• Real-life scenarios for application
• Practice exercises

Content:

1. Introduction to Ratio.
2. Expressing Ratios in Simplest Form.
3. Understanding Proportion.

Presentation:

Step 1: Introduction to Ratio (15 minutes) Define ratio as a comparison of two quantities. Use simple examples to explain how ratios can represent relationships, such as the ratio of boys to girls in a class or the ratio of blue to red marbles in a bag.

Step 2: Expressing Ratios in Simplest Form (15 minutes) Demonstrate how to simplify ratios by dividing both parts by their greatest common factor. Provide examples and guide students through simplifying various ratios.

Step 3: Understanding Proportion (15 minutes) Introduce proportion as an equation showing that two ratios are equal. Use practical examples to illustrate real-life scenarios where proportions are applied, such as recipes or map scales.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Facilitate discussions on ratio concepts.
• Provide examples and guide simplification.
• Illustrate real-life applications of proportions.

Learners’ Activities:

• Engage in discussions and ask questions.
• Practice simplifying ratios.
• Solve proportion problems individually and in pairs.

Assessment: Evaluate students based on their participation in discussions, ability to simplify ratios, and accuracy in solving proportion problems. Provide additional practice exercises for reinforcement if needed.

Ten Evaluation Questions:

1. Define the term “ratio” and give an example.
2. Express the ratio 6:8 in its simplest form.
3. If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:4, what does this mean?
4. Simplify the ratio 15:20.
5. Explain in your own words what a proportion is.
6. If 2:5 is the ratio of apples to oranges, how many oranges are there if there are 10 apples?
7. Given the proportion 2:3 = 4:6, is it true or false?
8. Provide an example of a real-life scenario where ratios are applied.
9. Convert the ratio 3:2 into a fraction.
10. How can you determine if two ratios form a proportion?

Conclusion on the Topic: Summarize key concepts learned about ratio and proportion. Emphasize the practical applications of these mathematical concepts in everyday life. Assign homework that involves solving additional problems related to ratio and proportion for further practice.