Linking Words : such as, although, but, so, so that Structure English Language Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Subject: English Grammar

Class: Primary 5

Term: Third Term

Week: 1

Topic: Linking Words

Sub-topic: Using linking words in sentences

Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioral Objectives:

• Pupils will learn to identify linking words such as “such as,” “although,” “but,” “so,” and “so that.”
• Pupils will practice using linking words correctly in sentences.
• Pupils will demonstrate understanding of linking words by completing fill-in-the-blank exercises.

Key Words:

• Such as
• Although
• But
• So
• So that

Entry Behaviour:

• Pupils are familiar with constructing simple sentences.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Whiteboard and markers
• Flashcards with linking words
• Exercise books and pencils
• Handout with example sentences

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Review simple sentence construction from previous terms.
• Discuss how connecting words can improve writing.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Communication
• Reading and writing

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 5 English

Instructional Materials:

• Flashcards with linking words
• Example sentences handout

Content:

• Introduction to linking words.
• Definitions and examples of common linking words.
• Practice sentences and exercises.

Hello! Let’s learn about linking words. These words help us connect sentences or ideas. They make our writing clear and easy to understand. Here are some common linking words:

1. Such as: This linking word is used to give examples.

   Example: I like fruits such as apples and bananas. 🍎🍌

2. Although: This word shows contrast or difference between two ideas.

   Example: Although it was raining, we still played outside. 🌧️

3. But: This word also shows contrast. It is similar to although, but it’s easier to use.

   Example: I want to play, but I have homework to do. 📚

4. So: This linking word shows a cause and effect relationship.

   Example: I studied hard, so I got good grades. 🎉

5. So that: This word is used to show purpose or intention.

   Example: I wore a jacket so that I wouldn’t feel cold. 🧥

Practice using these words in your sentences to make your writing better!

Class Activity Discussion

1. What are linking words?
   • Linking words connect sentences and ideas.
2. Why do we use linking words?
   • We use linking words to make our writing clear and easy to understand.
3. What does “such as” mean?
   • “Such as” is used to give examples.
4. Can you give an example of “such as”?
   • I like pets such as cats and dogs.
5. What does “although” mean?
   • “Although” shows a difference or contrast.
6. Can you give an example of “although”?
   • Although I was tired, I went to school.
7. What does “but” mean?
   • “But” is used to show contrast, like “although.”
8. Can you give an example of “but”?
   • I want to play, but I have chores to do.
9. What does “so” mean?
   • “So” shows a cause and effect relationship.
10. Can you give an example of “so”?
    • I studied hard, so I passed the test.
11. What does “so that” mean?
    • “So that” is used to show purpose or intention.
12. Can you give an example of “so that”?
    • I brought an umbrella so that I wouldn’t get wet.
13. How can we practice using linking words?
    • Write sentences with the linking words and read them out loud.
14. What should we remember when using linking words?
    • Use them to make your sentences flow better.
15. Why is it important to use linking words?
    • They help make your writing and speaking more clear and interesting.

Evaluation :

1. I like animals ____ cats and dogs. a) because b) such as c) therefore d) however
2. It was sunny outside, ____ I wore sunglasses. a) and b) but c) so d) such as
3. She was tired, ____ she went to sleep early. a) however b) so that c) since d) so
4. He was sick, ____ he stayed home from school. a) therefore b) because c) but d) although
5. I read a book, ____ I could learn new things. a) such as b) in order to c) so that d) and
6. ____ it was raining, we still played outside. a) Although b) Because c) Therefore d) Since
7. I like fruit, ____ apples and oranges. a) so b) so that c) therefore d) such as
8. She worked hard, ____ she finished the project on time. a) because b) so that c) therefore d) but
9. I didn’t feel well, ____ I stayed home. a) although b) so c) however d) so that
10. He brought an umbrella ____ it might rain. a) so that b) but c) because d) although
11. She went to the library ____ she could borrow books. a) although b) because c) so d) so that
12. He likes to read, ____ he has many books. a) such as b) but c) so that d) and
13. She was hungry, ____ she made a sandwich. a) because b) but c) so that d) such as
14. I wanted to play, ____ it was raining outside. a) because b) so c) but d) although
15. I brought my sweater ____ I wouldn’t feel cold. a) because b) but c) so that d) since

Presentation:

• Step 1: Review the previous topic, which was sentence construction.
  • Teacher’s Activities: Ask pupils to recall and write simple sentences.
  • Learners’ Activities: Write sentences and share them with the class.
• Step 2: Introduce the new topic of linking words.
  • Teacher’s Activities: Explain what linking words are and why they are useful.
  • Learners’ Activities: Listen to the explanation and ask questions if needed.
• Step 3: Allow pupils to give their own contributions and the teacher corrects the pupils when and where necessary.
  • Teacher’s Activities: Give example sentences and ask pupils to suggest appropriate linking words to complete them.
  • Learners’ Activities: Suggest linking words and write them down.

Assessment:

• Provide a fill-in-the-blank exercise using linking words.
• Monitor pupils as they complete the exercise and provide feedback.

Ten Evaluation Questions Related to the Topic:

1. Fill in the blank: I like pets ____ cats and dogs. (a) because (b) although (c) such as (d) therefore
2. Fill in the blank: It was raining, ____ we stayed inside. (a) so (b) but (c) because (d) although
3. Fill in the blank: She studied hard ____ she could pass the test. (a) although (b) so that (c) but (d) such as
4. Fill in the blank: We like fruits ____ apples and oranges. (a) because (b) so that (c) so (d) such as
5. Fill in the blank: ____ I was tired, I finished my homework. (a) Although (b) But (c) So that (d) Because
6. Fill in the blank: He went to bed early ____ he was sleepy. (a) although (b) but (c) since (d) so
7. Fill in the blank: She was cold, ____ she put on a jacket. (a) because (b) although (c) so (d) such as
8. Fill in the blank: I wanted to play ____ I had chores to do. (a) but (b) since (c) although (d) and
9. Fill in the blank: She is kind ____ she helps others. (a) since (b) but (c) although (d) so that
10. Fill in the blank: ____ the rain, we went outside. (a) So that (b) Such as (c) Although (d) But

Conclusion:

• The teacher goes around the classroom, marks the exercises, and provides necessary corrections.
• Encourage pupils to use linking words in their sentences.
• Provide praise for good work and effort.