Insects: Damages Caused By Harmful Insects Agricultural Science Primary 2 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: Basic 2 / Primary 2 / Year 2
Term: Second Term / 2nd Term
Week: 6
Age: 7–8 years
Topic: Insects: Damages Caused by Harmful Insects
Sub-topic: How Harmful Insects Affect Farms and Farmers
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:

1. Define harmful insects.
2. Mention at least five damages caused by harmful insects.
3. Identify harmful insects through pictures or examples.

Keywords

• Harmful insects
• Damage
• Sting
• Suck blood
• Chew leaves

Set Induction

The teacher will display pictures of insects (e.g., mosquitoes, ants, bees) and ask students to identify which of them might harm crops or people.

Entry Behavior

The pupils are familiar with common farm insects from the previous lesson.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Wall charts showing types of insects.
• Videos or pictures of harmful insects.
• Relevant textbooks and the Lagos State Scheme of Work.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking
• Observation
• Collaboration

Instructional Materials

• Flashcards
• Online resources
• A model farm setup

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Approved Agricultural Science Textbooks

Content

Definition of Harmful Insects

Harmful insects are insects that damage crops, livestock, and humans. They make life difficult for farmers by destroying farm produce and spreading diseases.

Damages Caused by Harmful Insects

1. Ants: Bite farmers and chew the leaves of young plants, causing the plants to die.
2. Bees: Sting humans when provoked, causing pain.
3. Mosquitoes: Spread malaria through their bites.
4. Beetles: Drill holes in stored grains, such as beans.
5. Houseflies: Spread diseases like cholera and dysentery by contaminating food and drinks.

Examples of Harmful Insects and Their Damages

1. Grasshoppers destroy leaves by chewing them.
2. Tsetse flies spread sleeping sickness to humans and cattle.
3. Termites eat up leaves and tree branches.
4. Lice attach themselves to animals and suck their blood.
5. Caterpillars drill holes in fruits, making them less valuable.

Evaluation Questions

Fill in the blanks and choose the correct option:

1. Harmful insects destroy ________ on farms.
   (a) Houses (b) Crops (c) Cars (d) Schools
2. ________ drill holes in stored beans.
   (a) Beetles (b) Ticks (c) Lice (d) Termites
3. Mosquitoes spread ________ through their bites.
   (a) Malaria (b) Flu (c) Cholera (d) Happiness
4. Ants harm young plants by ________ their leaves.
   (a) Chewing (b) Painting (c) Hiding (d) Cutting
5. Tsetse flies cause ________ sickness.
   (a) Sleeping (b) Running (c) Dancing (d) Jumping
6. Houseflies spread ________ and dysentery.
   (a) Joy (b) Cholera (c) Milk (d) Food
7. ________ sting humans when provoked.
   (a) Bees (b) Locusts (c) Butterflies (d) Caterpillars
8. Caterpillars drill ________ in fruits.
   (a) Holes (b) Circles (c) Squares (d) Stars
9. Termites eat up ________ of trees.
   (a) Branches (b) Fruits (c) Roots (d) Leaves
10. Lice feed on the ________ of animals.
    (a) Blood (b) Milk (c) Water (d) Fur

Class Activity Discussion

FAQs and Answers

1. What are harmful insects?
   Insects that damage crops, livestock, or people.
2. How do ants harm crops?
   By chewing young leaves.
3. What disease do mosquitoes spread?
   Malaria.
4. Which insect spreads cholera?
   Houseflies.
5. What do termites destroy?
   Leaves and tree branches.
6. Which insect bites and spreads sleeping sickness?
   Tsetse flies.
7. What damage do caterpillars cause?
   Drill holes in fruits.
8. What do lice feed on?
   Blood of animals.
9. Why are beetles harmful?
   They drill holes in stored beans.
10. Which insect stings when provoked?
    Bees.
11. How do houseflies harm farmers?
    By spreading diseases.
12. What do locusts destroy?
    Leaves of crops.
13. Which insects destroy vegetables?
    Grasshoppers and locusts.
14. What part of the tree do termites eat?
    Branches and leaves.
15. How can we reduce harmful insects?
    Use pesticides and keep the farm clean.

Lesson Presentation Steps

1. Review the Previous Lesson: Teacher reminds pupils about common farm insects.
2. Introduce the New Topic: Teacher explains harmful insects and shows pictures.
3. Class Participation: Pupils discuss what they know about harmful insects.

Teacher’s Activities

1. Display charts of harmful insects.
2. Explain how harmful insects affect farmers.
3. Ask pupils to list harmful insects they know.
4. Guide pupils in identifying harmful insects in pictures.

Learners’ Activities

1. Answer questions about harmful insects.
2. Match insect pictures with their damages.
3. Recite the names of harmful insects.

Assessment

Answer the following:

1. Mention one harmful insect that stings.
2. What disease do mosquitoes spread?
3. How do beetles damage stored grains?
4. Name one insect that spreads dysentery.
5. What do lice feed on?
6. Which insect spreads sleeping sickness?
7. Name two insects that chew leaves.
8. What damage do termites cause?
9. How can houseflies harm humans?
10. Mention one insect that drills holes in fruits.

Conclusion

The teacher moves around to check pupils’ work, corrects mistakes, and praises their efforts.

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