Factors of Numbers Mathematics Primary 2 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 10

Mathematics Primary 2 Second Term Lesson Notes – Week 10

Subject: Mathematics

Class: Primary 2

Term: Second Term

Week: 10

Age: 7-8 years

Topic: Theory of Factors

Sub-topic: All Factors of Numbers and Prime Factors of Numbers

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define factors and prime factors of numbers.
2. Identify all factors of a given number.
3. Differentiate between factors and prime factors.
4. Find prime factors of numbers using division and multiplication.

Keywords

Factors, prime factors, divisible, multiplication, division.

Set Induction

The teacher brings a pack of sticks and asks pupils to group them into equal parts, leading to a discussion about numbers that divide other numbers without leaving remainders.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils can count numbers and perform simple division.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Counters (e.g., bottle caps or sticks).
• Flashcards with numbers.
• Number chart.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher reminds pupils of even, odd, and prime numbers learned in the previous lesson.

Embedded Core Skills

• Problem-solving.
• Logical reasoning.
• Collaboration and teamwork.

Learning Materials

• Counters for counting.
• Worksheets with numbers.
• Number charts.

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work.
• New Method Mathematics for Primary Schools.

Instructional Materials

• Whiteboard and marker.
• Flashcards.
• Charts displaying numbers and their factors.

Content

Definition and Explanation

1. Factors:
   • A factor is a number that divides another number without leaving a remainder.
   • For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
2. Prime Factors:
   • Prime factors are factors of a number that are also prime numbers.
   • For example, the prime factors of 12 are 2 and 3.

Examples

1. Finding All Factors of a Number:
   • Factors of 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16.
2. Finding Prime Factors of a Number:
   • Prime factors of 18: 2 and 3.
3. Factors of 20:
   • 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20.
4. Prime Factors of 30:
   • 2, 3, and 5.
5. Factors of 10:
   • 1, 2, 5, and 10.

Evaluation Questions (15 Fill-in-the-Blank with Options)

1. A factor is a number that ___ another number without leaving a remainder.
   a) Divides
   b) Adds
   c) Multiplies
   d) Subtracts
   Answer: a) Divides
2. The factors of 6 are ___.
   a) 1, 2, 3, 6
   b) 1, 2, 4, 6
   c) 2, 3, 4, 5
   d) 1, 3, 5, 6
   Answer: a) 1, 2, 3, 6
3. The prime factors of 12 are ___.
   a) 2 and 3
   b) 1 and 6
   c) 4 and 6
   d) 3 and 6
   Answer: a) 2 and 3
4. The smallest factor of any number is ___.
   a) 1
   b) 2
   c) 0
   d) 10
   Answer: a) 1
5. The factors of 20 include ___.
   a) 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
   b) 1, 3, 5, 6
   c) 1, 2, 3, 10
   d) 1, 2, 5, 6
   Answer: a) 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20

Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs with Answers)

1. What are factors?
   • Factors are numbers that divide another number without leaving a remainder.
2. What are prime factors?
   • Prime factors are factors of a number that are also prime numbers.
3. Is 2 a prime factor of 8?
   • Yes.
4. What are the factors of 10?
   • 1, 2, 5, and 10.
5. What are the prime factors of 15?
   • 3 and 5.
6. What is the smallest factor of any number?
   • 1.
7. Is 1 a prime number?
   • No.
8. What are the factors of 16?
   • 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16.
9. What are the prime factors of 20?
   • 2 and 5.
10. Can 0 be a factor?
    • No.
11. Are all prime factors odd numbers?
    • No, 2 is an even prime number.
12. Is 7 a prime factor of 28?
    • Yes.
13. What are the factors of 12?
    • 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
14. What is the largest factor of any number?
    • The number itself.
15. Are factors always smaller than the number?
    • No, the number itself is also a factor.

10 Evaluation Questions

1. Define factors.
2. Define prime factors.
3. Find all factors of 12.
4. Find the prime factors of 30.
5. Is 2 a prime factor of 18?
6. List the factors of 20.
7. List the prime factors of 15.
8. Is 1 a prime number? Why or why not?
9. What are the factors of 10?
10. What is the smallest factor of any number?

Conclusion

The teacher goes around to mark pupils’ work, corrects errors, and provides feedback.

1. A factor is a number that ___ another number without a remainder.
   a) Adds
   b) Divides
   c) Multiplies
   d) Subtracts
   Answer: b) Divides
2. The factors of 12 are ___.
   a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
   b) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
   c) 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
   d) 2, 3, 5, 7
   Answer: a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
3. A prime factor of 18 is ___.
   a) 1
   b) 9
   c) 3
   d) 4
   Answer: c) 3
4. The smallest factor of any number is ___.
   a) 0
   b) 1
   c) 2
   d) 10
   Answer: b) 1
5. The factors of 20 include ___.
   a) 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
   b) 2, 3, 5, 6, 8
   c) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
   d) 1, 5, 10, 12
   Answer: a) 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
6. A prime number is a number that has only ___ factors.
   a) One
   b) Two
   c) Three
   d) Four
   Answer: b) Two
7. The prime factors of 30 are ___.
   a) 2, 3, and 5
   b) 1, 5, and 10
   c) 2, 4, and 6
   d) 1, 3, and 7
   Answer: a) 2, 3, and 5
8. Factors of 16 are ___.
   a) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
   b) 2, 3, 6, 9, 16
   c) 1, 3, 5, 7, 16
   d) 4, 5, 6, 8, 16
   Answer: a) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
9. Prime factors of 12 are ___.
   a) 2 and 6
   b) 1 and 12
   c) 2 and 3
   d) 3 and 6
   Answer: c) 2 and 3
10. The factors of 10 include ___.
    a) 1, 2, 5, and 10
    b) 2, 3, 5, and 7
    c) 1, 3, 4, and 10
    d) 2, 4, 5, and 10
    Answer: a) 1, 2, 5, and 10
11. The largest factor of a number is always the ___.
    a) Smallest prime number
    b) Number itself
    c) Half of the number
    d) Double the number
    Answer: b) Number itself
12. The prime factors of 40 are ___.
    a) 2 and 5
    b) 2, 4, and 10
    c) 1 and 40
    d) 4 and 10
    Answer: a) 2 and 5
13. Factors of 9 are ___.
    a) 1, 3, 9
    b) 1, 2, 4, 9
    c) 1, 5, 9
    d) 2, 3, 6
    Answer: a) 1, 3, 9
14. Which of these is NOT a prime factor?
    a) 7
    b) 11
    c) 9
    d) 2
    Answer: c) 9
15. The number 15 has ___ factors.
    a) 1, 2, 5, and 10
    b) 1, 3, 5, and 15
    c) 1, 4, 7, and 15
    d) 2, 3, 5, and 15
    Answer: b) 1, 3, 5, and 15

Class Activity Discussion

1. What is a factor?
   A number that divides another number without leaving a remainder.
2. What is a prime factor?
   A factor that is also a prime number.
3. What are the factors of 12?
   1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
4. What are the prime factors of 30?
   2, 3, and 5.
5. Is 1 a prime number?
   No, 1 is not a prime number.
6. What are the factors of 16?
   1, 2, 4, 8, and 16.
7. Is 7 a factor of 28?
   Yes, because 28 ÷ 7 = 4.
8. What is the largest factor of any number?
   The number itself.
9. Is 9 a prime number?
   No, because it has more than two factors (1, 3, 9).
10. What are the factors of 20?
    1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20.
11. What are the prime factors of 40?
    2 and 5.
12. Can 0 be a factor of a number?
    No, 0 cannot be a factor.
13. Are all prime numbers odd?
    No, 2 is an even prime number.
14. What is the smallest prime number?
    2.
15. What are the factors of 10?
    1, 2, 5, and 10.

Evaluation Questions

1. Define factors and give an example.
2. What are the factors of 18?
3. Define prime factors and give an example.
4. List all the factors of 20.
5. Find the prime factors of 15.
6. What is the smallest factor of any number?
7. Are all factors of 9 prime numbers? Why or why not?
8. Find the prime factors of 30.
9. Is 2 a prime factor of 12? Explain.
10. What is the largest factor of 40?