Revision Basic Science Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 11

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1st TERM EXAMINATION
CLASS: Basic 5
SUBJECT: Science and Technology

SECTION A: Objective Questions

1. The use of a drug in a way that is not in accordance with the recommended way of using it is:
   a. Drug trafficking
   b. Drug abuse
   c. Drug misuse
2. The degree of hotness and coldness of an object is:
   a. Heat
   b. Friction
   c. Temperature
3. The instrument used to observe the weather is:
   a. Obstruct
   b. Observe
   c. Option
4. __________ is the atmosphere of a particular area at a given period.
   a. Soil
   b. Weather
   c. Water
5. The movement of the Earth on its axis is called:
   a. Rotation
   b. Revolution
   c. Renovation
6. Improving crop yield has to do with:
   a. Increasing
   b. Decreasing
   c. Stagnating
7. The best type of soil for growing crops is:
   a. Loamy
   b. Clay
   c. Sandy
8. Crops need all these to grow well except:
   a. Manure
   b. Inadequate water
   c. Fertile soil
9. The movement of blood around the body is called:
   a. Respiration
   b. Irritability
   c. Circulation
10. Which of these is not a type of weather condition?
    a. Cloudy
    b. Sunny
    c. Reddish
11. The device used to measure temperature is called a:
    a. Thermometer
    b. Barometer
    c. Hygrometer
12. __________ is the process by which plants use sunlight to make food.
    a. Photosynthesis
    b. Respiration
    c. Digestion
13. __________ is a type of soil that holds water well and is good for growing most plants.
    a. Sandy soil
    b. Clay soil
    c. Loamy soil
14. Which of the following is not a type of renewable energy?
    a. Solar
    b. Wind
    c. Coal
15. The study of the Earth’s atmosphere and its phenomena is called:
    a. Meteorology
    b. Biology
    c. Astronomy
16. Which of these instruments is used to measure humidity?
    a. Thermometer
    b. Hygrometer
    c. Barometer
17. __________ is the process by which water changes from liquid to vapor.
    a. Condensation
    b. Evaporation
    c. Precipitation
18. The instrument used to measure air pressure is called a:
    a. Thermometer
    b. Barometer
    c. Hygrometer
19. __________ refers to the combination of soil, water, and air needed for plant growth.
    a. Ecosystem
    b. Environment
    c. Habitat
20. Which of these planets is known as the “Red Planet”?
    a. Mars
    b. Venus
    c. Jupiter
21. The presence of __________ in the soil is crucial for plant growth.
    a. Oxygen
    b. Water
    c. Gas
22. __________ is the term for the movement of the Earth around the Sun.
    a. Rotation
    b. Revolution
    c. Circulation
23. Which of these is not a form of pollution?
    a. Air pollution
    b. Water pollution
    c. Soil conservation
24. The term __________ refers to the relationship between living organisms and their environment.
    a. Ecology
    b. Biology
    c. Geography
25. Which of these materials is most commonly used to make clothing?
    a. Plastic
    b. Cotton
    c. Metal
26. The part of the plant that absorbs water and nutrients from the soil is called the:
    a. Leaf
    b. Flower
    c. Root
27. The term __________ describes the layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
    a. Lithosphere
    b. Hydrosphere
    c. Atmosphere
28. The process by which plants release water vapor into the air is known as:
    a. Transpiration
    b. Respiration
    c. Evaporation
29. __________ is a method used to preserve food by removing moisture.
    a. Freezing
    b. Drying
    c. Boiling
30. The __________ is a part of the Earth’s surface where plants grow.
    a. Crust
    b. Mantle
    c. Core

SECTION B: Theory Questions

Answer all questions from this section:

1. a. Define a drug.
   b. Differentiate between synthetic and naturally occurring drugs.
2. a. What is weather?
   b. List four weather symbols you know.
3. a. List the eight planets in the Solar System.
   b. List any two components of the sky.

Class: Primary 5

Subject: Basic Science

Topic: Revision – Waste Management

Sub-topic: Importance of Proper Waste Disposal

Duration: 40 minutes

Term: First Term

Week: 11

Set Induction: Begin by asking students about items they throw away daily and where they think those items go. This will set the stage for discussing why waste disposal matters.

Previous Lesson: Review the last lesson on ecosystems and emphasize how waste impacts our environment. Connect the importance of waste management to maintaining a healthy ecosystem.

Previous Lesson: Review the last lesson on ecosystems and emphasize how waste impacts our environment. Connect the importance of waste management to maintaining a healthy ecosystem.

Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the significance of proper waste disposal.
2. Identify the consequences of improper waste management.
3. Recognize individual roles in waste reduction.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Environmental awareness
• Problem-solving

Erosion:

Meaning:
Erosion refers to the gradual process of wearing away or breaking down of the Earth’s surface through natural forces such as wind, water, or ice. It involves the displacement of soil, rocks, or other materials from one location to another.

Types of Erosion:

1. Water Erosion: Caused by the movement of water, including rainfall, rivers, and waves.
2. Wind Erosion: Occurs when wind carries away loose soil particles from the Earth’s surface.
3. Glacial Erosion: Result of the movement of glaciers that carve and shape the landscape.
4. Chemical Erosion: Involves the breakdown of rocks through chemical processes, such as dissolution or oxidation.

Pollution:

Meaning:
Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful contaminants into the environment, causing adverse effects. These contaminants can be substances, energy, or noise, and their presence exceeds the natural capacity of the environment to handle them without causing harm.

Types of Pollution:

1. Air Pollution: Contamination of the air by harmful gases, particulate matter, and pollutants.
2. Water Pollution: Introduction of pollutants into water bodies, compromising water quality.
3. Soil Pollution: Contamination of the soil by hazardous substances, affecting plant and animal life.
4. Noise Pollution: Presence of excessive, unwanted, or harmful sound in the environment.
5. Light Pollution: Disruption of natural light levels in the environment due to excessive artificial light.

Waste:

Meaning:
Waste refers to any material or substance that is discarded because it is no longer useful or required. It can take various forms, including solid, liquid, or gaseous, and is a byproduct of human activities.

Types of Waste:

1. Solid Waste: Includes household waste, industrial waste, and other non-liquid materials.
2. Liquid Waste: Involves wastewater from homes, industries, or agricultural activities.
3. Gaseous Waste: Emissions of gases, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, or methane, into the atmosphere.
4. Hazardous Waste: Contains substances that can pose significant risks to human health or the environment.

Waste Disposal:

Meaning:
Waste disposal refers to the management and removal of waste materials in an environmentally responsible manner to prevent adverse impacts on public health and the environment.

Types of Waste Disposal:

1. Landfill: Burying waste in designated areas, often lined to prevent soil and water contamination.
2. Incineration: Burning waste materials at high temperatures to reduce volume and generate energy.
3. Recycling: Reusing materials to create new products, reducing the need for raw materials.
4. Composting: Allowing organic waste to decompose into nutrient-rich compost for soil improvement.
5. Waste-to-Energy: Converting waste into energy through processes like anaerobic digestion or thermal technologies.

1. Erosion: Wind erosion is primarily caused by: a) Ice movement b) Water flow c) Wind force d) Chemical reactions
2. Types of Pollution: What type of pollution is characterized by excessive artificial light? a) Air Pollution b) Noise Pollution c) Light Pollution d) Water Pollution
3. Waste: Gaseous waste often includes emissions of: a) Solid particles b) Carbon dioxide c) Liquid pollutants d) Hazardous chemicals
4. Pollution: Noise pollution is associated with: a) Excessive sound b) Airborne contaminants c) Water contamination d) Soil erosion
5. Waste Disposal: Landfill is a method of waste disposal involving: a) Burning waste b) Burying waste c) Recycling materials d) Composting organic waste
6. Erosion: Chemical erosion involves the breakdown of rocks through: a) Wind force b) Water movement c) Biological processes d) Chemical reactions
7. Types of Pollution: Water pollution is caused by the introduction of contaminants into: a) Air b) Soil c) Water bodies d) Light
8. Waste: Which type of waste includes discarded household items? a) Solid Waste b) Liquid Waste c) Gaseous Waste d) Hazardous Waste
9. Pollution: The primary cause of air pollution is the release of: a) Harmful gases b) Excessive light c) Solid waste d) Loud noises
10. Waste Disposal: Composting is a waste disposal method primarily focused on: a) Reducing volume b) Generating energy c) Soil improvement d) Burying waste
11. Erosion: Glacial erosion involves the movement of: a) Wind b) Water c) Ice d) Chemicals
12. Types of Pollution: Soil pollution negatively affects: a) Air quality b) Water bodies c) Plant and animal life d) Noise levels
13. Waste: Hazardous waste contains substances that pose risks to: a) Recycling facilities b) Human health or the environment c) Gaseous emissions d) Composting processes
14. Pollution: What is the primary source of light pollution? a) Sunlight b) Streetlights c) Artificial light sources d) Industrial emissions
15. Waste Disposal: Waste-to-energy processes involve converting waste into: a) Freshwater b) Soil improvement c) Energy d) Recycled materials

Presentation:

Step 1: Importance of Waste Disposal (15 minutes) Explain why proper waste disposal is essential for a clean and healthy environment. Use real-life examples to help students see the impact of responsible waste management.

Step 2: Consequences of Improper Waste Management (10 minutes) Discuss the negative effects of improper waste disposal, such as pollution, health hazards, and damage to ecosystems. Use images to make the concepts more tangible.

Step 3: Individual Responsibilities (10 minutes) Highlight the role each student plays in reducing waste. Encourage them to practice the three Rs: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. Discuss simple habits that contribute to waste reduction.