Database Definition and Common Database Terminologies

TOPIC:

Database Definition and Common Database Terminologies

Class :

JSS 3 / BASIC 9

Term:

FIRST TERM

Week:

Week 8

Reference Materials: 

• ONLINE MATERIALS
• SCHEME OF WORK
• TEXTBOOKS

Instructional Materials

• Pictures
• Wall charts
• Computer

Previous Knowledge:

The pupils have previous knowledge of

Limitation of the old economy

Behavioural Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

• define database
• explain common database terminologies

CONTENT:

A database is a collection of data that can be accessed by computers. A database can be divided into two basic components: a table and a database package.

A table is the basic structure of a database. It is a collection of data that is organized into rows and columns. Each row represents a record, and each column represents a field.

A database package is a software application that helps you create and manage databases. It provides a user interface that allows you to access, edit, and query data. Access is the most popular database package. It is produced by Microsoft.

Definition of Database

A database is a collection of related data about a particular subject that is organized in a way that it can be easily stored, accessed, managed, and updated to meet a particular goal.

It is always set up for a special purpose like students’ records, inventory, address book etc. This database has a particular software that could be used to perform the above functions e.g. Paradox, MS Access, Dbase etc.

A database is composed of several tables.

You need to create separate tables to store different types of data. For example, if you have a School Management Software, you may need to create the following tables:

• Students – to store list of all students
• Educators – to create a list of all educators.
• Address – to store the addresses of students and educators.
• Grades – to store the mark scores of all students.

 Database Terminologies

Entity: A person, object, event or transaction (e.g. student, employee, patient).

Entity Group: A class of people, objects, events or transactions sharing very similar characteristics (e.g. students, employees, women, patients, engineers etc.).

Field: This refers to a column of data in a table, each column or field in a table contains similar types of data for all the members of the entity group whose data are stored in the table. Field is also called attributes.

Record: This refers to a row of data in a table, each row or record in a table contains the data for a specific member or the entity group (entity) whose data are stored in the table. Record is also called tuple.

Table: A data structure that stores a collection of data in tabular form.

View: A logical representation of one or more tables from the database, which may be a subset of the columns and/or rows from those tables. Views are also sometimes called “virtual tables”.

Index: A pointer to a location in a table, which may be used to speed up the retrieval of data from that table.

Query: A set of instructions for retrieving data from a database.

Form: A layout for entering and displaying data in a database.

Report: A formatted presentation of data from a database.

Macro: A set of pre-defined instructions for performing a task, which may be stored in a database and run when needed.

Trigger: A set of instructions that are automatically executed in response to an event, such as the insertion or deletion of a record in a table. Triggers are sometimes also called “event-driven procedures”.

PRESENTATION 

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

EVALUATION

Evaluation:

Define the following

1. Access
2. A Table
3. Database package.
4. Form
5. Index
6. View
7. Trigger
8. Report
9. Macro
10. Query

Objectives

1. A _______is a single store of related information.
2. A ________consists of records, and each record is made up of a number of fields.
3. You can think of the phone book as a _____: It contains a record for each telephone subscriber, and each subscriber’s details are contained in three fields – name, address and telephone.
4. A database package is a piece of ____________that enables you to organize and store related data together, so that specific pieces of information can be retrieved easily and quickly.
5. Access is a database program, created by __________Office 2007
6. An organised collection of related records is a________
7. ____________ is a selected field in table that uniquely identifies a record.
8. A database has to be named before any work is started on it. True or false?
9. The use of a file cabinet to store information is called____________
   the manual method b. The computerised method
   the ancient method d. none of the above.
10. ________ is a means of storing and answering questions about information in a database
11. The following are example of database program except_________
    Dbase3+ b. Microsoft Word
    Dbase 4 d. Microsoft Access

Conclusion:

The subject teacher gives out a short note and he or she goes round to mark. The teacher does the necessary corrections.

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