Basics of Music Theory for JSS 1 Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Subject: Cultural and Creative Arts
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 9
Age: 11 years
Topic: Rudiments of Music
Sub-topic: Basics of Music Theory
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

• Pupils should be able to identify and explain basic music concepts.
• Pupils should understand the fundamental elements of music, such as rhythm, melody, and harmony.
• Pupils should be able to read simple music notations and rhythms.

Keywords:

• Rhythm
• Melody
• Harmony
• Notes
• Tempo
• Notation

Set Induction:

Start with a short audio clip of a popular song to highlight how rhythm and melody are used in music. Ask pupils what they noticed about the music.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils should have a basic understanding of sound and be familiar with simple musical experiences, such as listening to songs.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Audio clips of different music styles
• Music notation examples
• Whiteboard and markers
• Rhythm instruments (e.g., drums or tambourines)

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Connect the lesson to previous discussions on performance arts by explaining how music is a key element in dance and drama.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Listening skills
• Pattern recognition
• Basic arithmetic (for rhythm)
• Creative expression

Learning Materials:

• Textbook: Lagos State Scheme of Work for Cultural and Creative Arts
• Music examples from online resources

Instructional Materials:

• Audio player and speakers
• Music notation charts
• Rhythm instruments

Content:

1. Definition of Music:
   • Music is the art of organizing sounds in time through elements such as rhythm, melody, and harmony.
2. Basic Elements of Music:
   • Rhythm: The pattern of beats or time in music. Example: “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.”
   • Melody: A sequence of notes that are perceived as a single entity. Example: The main tune of “Happy Birthday.”
   • Harmony: The combination of different musical notes played or sung simultaneously to produce a pleasing sound. Example: Chords in a song.
   • Tempo: The speed at which a piece of music is played. Example: Fast tempo in a lively song, slow tempo in a lullaby.
3. Music Notation:
   • Notes: Symbols used to represent the pitch and duration of sounds. Example: C, D, E.
   • Staff: The five lines on which music notes are written.
   • Clefs: Symbols that indicate the pitch of the notes. Example: Treble clef.
4. Reading Simple Rhythms:
   • Quarter Note: Represents one beat.
   • Half Note: Represents two beats.
   • Whole Note: Represents four beats.
5. Listening and Identifying Elements:
   • Listening to different music examples to identify rhythm, melody, and harmony.

Evaluation:

1. Rhythm in music refers to __________. a) The pattern of beats
   b) The sequence of notes
   c) The speed of music
   d) The combination of notes
2. Melody is a __________. a) Single note
   b) Combination of chords
   c) Sequence of notes perceived as a tune
   d) Tempo of a song
3. Harmony involves __________. a) Only one note
   b) A sequence of beats
   c) Different notes played together
   d) The rhythm of music
4. Tempo indicates __________. a) The pitch of notes
   b) The speed of the music
   c) The arrangement of notes
   d) The type of rhythm
5. Staff in music notation is __________. a) A musical instrument
   b) The five lines where notes are written
   c) A type of note
   d) A musical tempo
6. Quarter Note represents __________. a) Two beats
   b) Four beats
   c) One beat
   d) Half a beat
7. Clefs are used to __________. a) Determine the rhythm
   b) Indicate the pitch of notes
   c) Change the tempo
   d) Notate beats
8. Whole Note equals __________. a) One beat
   b) Two beats
   c) Four beats
   d) Half a beat
9. Music Notation helps us __________. a) Listen to music
   b) Play music accurately
   c) Dance to music
   d) Sing in tune
10. Treble Clef is used for __________. a) Low-pitched notes
    b) High-pitched notes
    c) Rhythm patterns
    d) Music tempo
11. Melody can be best described as __________. a) A single sound
    b) A rhythm pattern
    c) A sequence of notes forming a tune
    d) A set of harmonies
12. Harmony adds __________ to music. a) Rhythm
    b) Single notes
    c) Multiple notes played together
    d) Tempo
13. The tempo of music affects __________. a) The pitch of the notes
    b) How fast or slow the music is played
    c) The length of the notes
    d) The combination of notes
14. Half Note is equivalent to __________. a) Four beats
    b) Two beats
    c) One beat
    d) Half a beat
15. Music Notation includes __________. a) Only the lyrics of a song
    b) Staff, clefs, and notes
    c) Dance steps
    d) Vocal performance

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What are the basic elements of music?
2. How do rhythm, melody, and harmony contribute to a piece of music?
3. Identify the notes and their durations using simple notation.
4. Practice clapping different rhythms and identifying their patterns.
5. Discuss how music notation helps in learning and performing music.

Presentation:

1. Step 1: Review basic music concepts and their importance.
2. Step 2: Introduce and explain basic music notation, rhythm, and melody.
3. Step 3: Engage pupils in listening exercises and simple rhythm clapping to reinforce learning.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain and demonstrate basic music theory concepts.
• Use audio clips to illustrate rhythm, melody, and harmony.
• Facilitate rhythm clapping and notation exercises.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to different music examples and identify the basic elements.
• Practice reading simple music notation and rhythms.
• Participate in rhythm clapping exercises and discuss their observations.

Assessment:

• Observe pupils’ ability to identify and describe basic music elements.
• Evaluate their skills in reading and performing simple rhythms.

Evaluation Questions:

1. Define rhythm and provide an example.
2. What is melody and how is it used in music?
3. Explain the role of harmony in a musical piece.
4. Describe the purpose of music notation.
5. How does tempo affect a piece of music?
6. What does the staff represent in music notation?
7. Compare quarter notes and whole notes in terms of beats.
8. How do clefs help in reading music?
9. What is the function of a half note?
10. Describe how listening exercises help in understanding music.

Conclusion:

The teacher will review key points about the rudiments of music, check pupils’ understanding through their responses and activities, and provide feedback.