Simple Machines Basic Science and Technology Kindergarten Age 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Lesson Plan for Kindergarten

Subject: Basic Science and Technology
Class: Kindergarten
Term: First Term
Week: 1
Age: 4-5 years
Topic: Simple Machines
Sub-topic: Simple Machines in Our Homes
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Name some simple machines found in their homes.
2. Describe the uses of these simple machines.

Key Words

• Simple machines
• Home
• Uses

Set Induction

Ask the children about the things they use to do simple tasks at home, like opening a bottle or cutting paper.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils are familiar with various objects in their homes and how they help in doing tasks.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Video clips of simple machines
• Pictures of simple machines
• Real simple machines (like scissors, bottle opener)

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

Discuss everyday tasks at home and the objects they use to make those tasks easier.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking and problem solving
• Communication and collaboration

Learning Materials

• Audio-Visual Resources
• Basic Science and Technology Kindergarten First Term Lesson Notes

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

• Video clips
• Real-life examples of simple machines

Content

Explanation of Simple Machines:

1. Lever: Used to lift or move things (e.g., seesaw, crowbar).
2. Wheel and Axle: Helps move objects easily (e.g., toy car, door knob).
3. Pulley: Helps lift heavy things (e.g., flagpole, clothesline).
4. Inclined Plane: A flat surface that makes lifting easier (e.g., ramp).
5. Wedge: Used to split or cut things (e.g., knife, axe).
6. Screw: Holds things together (e.g., jar lid, light bulb).

Objective Questions

1. A seesaw is an example of a ______. a) Pulley b) Lever c) Screw d) Wedge
2. A knife is an example of a ______. a) Wedge b) Pulley c) Wheel and Axle d) Lever
3. A jar lid is an example of a ______. a) Inclined Plane b) Screw c) Pulley d) Wheel and Axle
4. A toy car uses ______ to move. a) Lever b) Wedge c) Wheel and Axle d) Screw
5. A flagpole uses a ______ to raise the flag. a) Pulley b) Lever c) Wedge d) Screw
6. A ramp is an example of an ______. a) Inclined Plane b) Screw c) Pulley d) Lever
7. Scissors are an example of a ______. a) Lever b) Wedge c) Pulley d) Screw
8. A door knob is an example of a ______. a) Pulley b) Screw c) Wheel and Axle d) Wedge
9. An axe is an example of a ______. a) Wheel and Axle b) Wedge c) Pulley d) Lever
10. A crowbar is an example of a ______. a) Lever b) Pulley c) Wedge d) Inclined Plane

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What is a simple machine?
   • A tool that makes work easier.
2. Can you name a simple machine in the kitchen?
   • A knife (wedge).
3. What does a pulley do?
   • Helps lift heavy things.
4. What simple machine is used in a seesaw?
   • A lever.
5. How does a wheel and axle help us?
   • It helps things move easily.
6. What is an inclined plane?
   • A flat surface that helps lift things.
7. Where can we find a screw?
   • In a jar lid.
8. What does a wedge do?
   • It cuts or splits things.
9. Can you name a simple machine found in a toy car?
   • Wheel and axle.
10. How does a lever work?
    • It lifts or moves things.

Presentation

Step 1: Revising the Previous Topic

• The teacher revises the previous topic: “Objects we use every day.”

Step 2: Introducing the New Topic

• The teacher introduces simple machines using pictures and real objects.

Step 3: Pupils’ Contributions

• The teacher allows the pupils to name simple machines they know and corrects them when necessary.

Teacher’s Activities

• Show video clips of simple machines.
• Explain the uses of different simple machines.
• Guide pupils in group activities.

Learners’ Activities

• Name simple machines they use at home.
• Discuss in groups the uses of these simple machines.

Assessment

• Pupils answer fill-in-the-blank questions.
• Group presentations on simple machines.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is a lever used for?
2. Name a simple machine that helps in cutting things.
3. How does a pulley help us?
4. Where can you find an inclined plane at home?
5. What simple machine is used in opening a jar?
6. Name a simple machine found in a toy car.
7. How does a wheel and axle help in moving objects?
8. What does a wedge do?
9. Give an example of a simple machine that helps in lifting heavy objects.
10. Name a simple machine used in a seesaw.

Conclusion

• The teacher goes round to mark and provides feedback. The teacher also ensures pupils understand the topic by asking additional questions and giving examples.