JSS 1 SECOND TERM SOCIAL STUDIES LESSON NOTE

SOCIAL STUDIES 

J.S.S. 1

Scheme of work.

Week one – Revision of last term’s work

Week two – Our roles in promoting safety in our community

Need for safety

Safety measures in home, school and work place

Safety guidelines for pedestrians, cyclist, motor cyclist and motorist.

Week three – Safety club as an agent of socialization, structure and process of forming   road safety club in schools.

Week Four – Common social problems in Nigeria

Week Five – Ways of solving common social problems in Nigeria

Week Six – Abstinence I

Meaning of sexual Abstinence

Week Seven – Abstinence II

Skills and behaviour that enhance abstinence

Benefits of abstinence

Facts about abstinence

Week Eight – Uniqueness of Nigeria culture

Week Nine – Adaptability

Meaning

Types

WEEK ONE

Topic – Revision of last term’s work.

WEEK TWO

OUR ROLES IN PROMOTING SAFETY IN OUR COMMUNITY

PERIOD I:  Subtopic

Safety needs and measures in home, school and work environment.

Safety is a situation which prevents any form of injury while performing any activities.

Safety is a precaution against injury while performing any activities.

A safe community is one that takes responsibility for supporting its members and each member is well valued

Needs/Reason for Safety in our community

1. To prevent loss of life
2. To prevent avoidable accidents
3. To prevent damage of properties
4. To prevent temporary or permanent disabilities.
5. It enhances youth employment

Safety measures in Home, School and Work place.

At Home:-

1. Gas cylinder should be properly closed to prevent gas leakage
2. Proper disposal of waste
3. Car keys should be kept away from children and youths
4. All drugs should be taken far away from children reach
5. To prevent electronic shocks the house should be properly wired by professionals.

School Environments:-

1. The school building should be properly constructed
2. Fire extinguishers should be provided in strategic places such as laboratories, offices, kitchen, healing bay. Etc.
3. School hall should be well ventilated
4. First aid kits should be provided in laboratories, school clinics etc.
5. School food should be hygienically prepared and served to avoid food poisoning.

Work Environment:-

1. Original sockets, plugs and other electrical appliance should be used in offices
2. Proper wiring of the building should be put in place
3. Smoking should be disallowed in all offices and restricted to certain areas for instance restaurant.
4. Periodic training for staff on how to prevent forms of accidents in the work place by the safety manager.
5. Staff should put off all electrical gadgets after office hours.

PERIOD II – Subtopic:-  Safety guidelines for pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and motorists.

A pedestrians:-  This is a person who goes or travels on foot  ( a walker).

A cyclists:-  This is a person who rides or travels by bicycle, etc.

A Motorcyclist:-  This is a person who ride or operate a motorcycle.

A motorists:-  Someone who drives a car.

Safety Guidelines

Pedestrians:-

1. They should walk opposite traffic rather than backing it while they walk on the road.
2. Pedestrians should wear bright coloured materials while working in the night
3. They should look left, right and left again before crossing
4. They should use pedestrian bridges where provided.

Motorist:-

1. Motorist should never drink alcohol before and when driving
2. They should not over speed
3. They should never make or receive phone calls while driving
4. Seat belt should be worn every time
5. They should strictly obey all road signs 
6. Ensure proper vehicle maintenance.

Cyclists and Motorcyclists.

1. They should wear helmet
2. They must not carry more than one passenger
3. They should observes all road signs
4. They should avoid abnormal horns
5. Proper maintenance of motorcycles.
6. Keep the maximum speed limit

Evaluations:-

(1) Define the following:

(a) Safety

(b) Motorists

(c) Cyclists

(d) Pedestrians

(e) Motorcyclists

(2) State 5 traffic guidelines

Assignment:–  Is there any need for safety in our community? Explain 3 needs for safety in your community

WEEK THREE

Topic:-  Safety clubs as an  agent of socialization, structure and process of forming road safety club in schools

Period I

Sub-topic:-  Safety clubs as an agent of socialization

Socialization is a process of learning acceptable behaviours of the society in which one lives.

Agents of Socialization

1. Family
2. The school                                                             
3. Peer groups
4. The mass media
5. Religious groups
6. Voluntary organization such as boys scout, red cross, boys brigade, girls brigade, rotary clubs, young men Christian Association, road safety club etc.

History of road safety club

1. FRSC was established in the year 2007.
2.  RSC is an arm of Federal Road safety commission
3.  It was inaugurated in secondary schools in the year 2012
4. Its aim is to train students on road safety rules

Forming Road Safety Club

1. The school write a letter to federal road safety commission.
2. A visit from the federal road safety commission to the school
3. Necessary instructions are given to school authority who will help in organizing the students
4. Inauguration day is fixed by the commission
5. Election of major officers such as president, vice president, treasurer, secretary etc.
6. The road safety coordinator heads and directs the activities of the club in the school.
7. Club members participate in programmed organized by federal road safety corps for school within their commands.

All these provide opportunities for club member from other schools to interact and socialize freely.

PERIOD II

Sub-topic:-  Role of Road Safety Clubs in Socialization of Youths.

1. Creating conducive atmosphere for members to interact
2. It inculcate good moral and values 
3. It provides opportunities for student to learn road safety rules
4. It helps member to be exposed to paramilitary trainings
5. It helps students to become responsible leader.
6. It helps members to report any road crash to the nearest FRSC office or any relevant body for assistance

Evaluation:-

1. What is  socialization
2. Highlight 5 agents of socialization
3. How can road safety club be formed in a school
4. What are the roles of road safety club in socializing the youths?
5. State a brief history of RSC

Assignment:-  

                How can road safety club be formed in your school?

WEEK FOUR

TOPIC:-  COMMON SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN NIGERIA

Common social problems are recurred problematic behaviors in our society.

Common social problems in Nigeria are:-

1. Kidnapping
2. Armed robbery
3. Corruption
4. Examination malpractices
5. Prostitutions
6. Drug addiction
7. Internet frau
8. Religious and ethnic conflict
9. Lack of cooperation
10. Electoral malpractice etc.

Examination malpractices:-  This is an illegal methods by students to pass examination and acquire certificate.

Causes

1. Laziness
2. Incompetence teachers
3. Parental influence
4. Love of money
5. Activities of corrupt school owners 

Solutions

1. Diligent and hardworking students
2. School owners that perpetrate examination malpractices should be condemned and blacklisted.
3. Severe punishment for the offenders
4. Provision of more facilities in schools to aid learning.

Cultism:-  This are people with dangerous beliefs.

It’s origin is traceable to pirate confraternity founded by the Nobel laureate, Prof. Wole Soyinka at University College Ibadan in 1953.  There arm is to end tribalism and colonial mentality of most Nigerians.  Now reverse is the case, they are known for violence, killing, attacking non-members like lecturers and students who offend them.

Causes

1. Crave for power
2. Search for security
3. Influence of friends
4. Search for love

Solutions

1. Parents should train their children at early age in the way of the Lord.
2. Religious leaders should organize more transforming programmes for youths
3. Government should give more enlightenment to the society on the danger of cultism.

PERIOD II:-  Causes of Social Issues and Problems

1. Bad economy:-  Many citizens engage in social problems due to loss of  job, low standard of living, low level of unemployment, poverty, etc.
2. Prenatal Neglect:-  At tender age, many youths have been neglected by their parents due to political ambition and rush for wealth such children moves with corrupt friends who influence them negatively.
3. Peer group influence:-  Many youths are innocent but due to influence of friends they engage in cult activities, fraudsters, drug addicts, armed robber, etc.
4. Corruption:-  Many school owners, principal, teachers, government officials encourage all forms of examination malpractices by collecting bribes from parents and students.
5. Influence of internet and television:-  This social media has greatly exposed many  youth to bad behaviors.  

Evaluation:-

1. What are common social problems
2. Highlight 5 common social problems in Nigeria
3. Sate and explain 3 causes of social issues and problems in Nigeria.

Assignment:-  what are the causes of examination malpractices as one of the social problems in a school settings?

WEEK FIVE

Topic:-  Ways of solving common social problems in Nigeria.

1. Parents should rise to their responsibilities in proper upbringing of their children in love.
2. Good leadership:-  Political leaders should be a good example to the citizen, they must  not be selfish and greedy in their political appointment.
3. Hardworking and patriotic youths should be rewarded.
4. Religious leaders should inculcate the right religious knowledge that will make them shun all evil and cleave to the will of God.
5. Law and decrees made to curb social problems be strictly enforced.

Evaluation:-

State 5 ways of solving common problems in Nigeria.

Assignment:-  State 5 ways of solving common social problems in a school environment

WEEK SIX

Topic;-  Abstinence I

Abstinence is a deliberate decision not to engage in any form of sexual intercourse.

Abstinence is the act of abstening from all forms of sexual practices such as kissing, carasing, pecking, masturbation, writing love letter, un-necessary touching and feeling etc.

It helps in prevent HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) and unwanted pregnancy

REASON FOR ABSTINENCE FROM SEXUAL INTERCOURSE

1. To prevent unwanted pregnancy
2. To maintain virginity with time of marriage
3. To avoid sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS
4. To avoid shame and disgrace due to unwanted pregnancy
5. To live up to parental expectation by making them proud till the end.

Evaluation:-  

1. Define abstinence
2. States reasons for abstinence from sexual intercourse.

Assignment:-  As a student why do you need to abstain from sexual intercourse?

WEEK SEVEN 

TOPIC:-  Abstinence II

PERIOD I:-  Sub topic:-  Skills and behaviors that enhance abstinence

1. Decision making:-  A heart just like Joseph that says “for me to do this and sin against God, God forbid”  should be the watchword of all youths and teenagers before marriage
2. Self-Control:-  Self-discipline by allowing the spirit of God needs to be possessed by all youth.
3. Knowledge about the danger in sexual intercourse before marriage helps one in moving from it.
4. Communication:-  Individual must be able to advise anyone whose heart is full of immoral thought about the consequence and be able to move away from such person.

PERIOD II:-  Subtopic:-  Facts and benefits of Abstinence from sexual intercourse.

1. It is the best for prevention of HIV/AIDS and STDs
2. It is a good precaution against teenage pregnancy
3. It does not affect reproduction organs when married
4. It helps in boosting self-esteem.
5. It makes one to highly respected and honored
6. It is the best ways to pleased God before marriage
7. It is the glory of the youths.

Benefits of Abstinence from Sexual Intercourse

1. It preserves someone’s virginity 
2. It helps one to be focused in pursing life goals
3. It prevents HIV/AIDS and other sexual transmitted infections
4. It prevents unwanted pregnancy
5. It boosts self-esteem.

Evaluation:-  (i)  State 3 skills and behaviours that enhances abstinence

(ii)  Highlight 5 facts about abstinence

(iii)  What are the benefits of Abstaining from sexual intercourse?

Assignment:–    Write the full meaning of:

(a)  HIV

(b)  AIDS

(c)  STD

WEEK EIGHT

TOPIC:-   Uniqueness of Nigeria Culture

Subtopic:-  Meaning, types and characteristic of culture

Culture can be define as the total way of life of a particular group of people in a society.

TYPES OF CULTURE

1. Material culture
2. Non-material culture

Material Culture:-  This are tangible materials we can see physically produced by a society to meet people’s needs.  Such include; cloth, cooking utensils, houses, food, art works and crafts, hoes, cutlass, knife, spoons, etc.

Non-material Culture:-  This are non-physical aspects of a society culture.  They are intangible things that can not been seen but feel.  Examples are; belief, values, languages, music, religion etc. 

Characteristics of culture

1. It is dynamic – Nigerian culture is never static it changes as people living in the society changes.  Our dressing, music, religion and so on are examples of dynamic culture.
2. Culture is common to all societies – There is no society without culture this show the uniqueness of culture.
3. Culture is learned – A child learns the culture of his society right from birth it could be through it observation, imitation, participation etc.
4. It is adoptive in nature – An Hausa man who finds himself in Edo can eat Igbo dress and so on because he has the tendency to adjust and adopt to Igbos ways of life.
5. It differs from society to society:-  Each tribe has its own culture which makes them unique and peculiar.  Differences in mode of dressing, beliefs, food, language and so on.

PERIOD II – Subtopic:-  Cultural similarities and Differences in Nigeria. 

Similarities

1. Religion:-  Nigerians practice and worship many gods such as non-living things, animals, stones, iron etc before the advent of the missionaries and Islamic religion.
2. Respect for Elders:-  This is very common away tribes in Nigeria.  They teach their young one’s how to greet and respect people around them.
3. Marriage:-  Payment of bride price is common among all Nigerians tribe
4. Family Culture:-  Most Nigerian’s tribe encourage polygamy because of farming activities and sees it as a way of expanding their family,

Differences

1. Language:-  Each Nigerian tribe differs in language and dialects
2. Dressing:-  There are differences in the mode of dressing in all  tribes in Nigeria.  Yoruba men wear buba, agbada, dansiki, file abetiaja while igbo men wear buba and Iro with their stick and hat.
3. Marriage:-  Different tribes have different ways of conducting their marriage ceremonies and payment of dowries.
4. Food:-  there are differences in the types of food to eat pounded yam and egusi soup, akpu with ogbona and okporoko soup among te ibos, while tuwo is very common among the Hausa.
5. Adornment:-  Each tribe has different tribal marks which helps in identifying their people.

Evaluation:-  

1. Define culture
2. List the two types of culture
3. State 3 characteristics of culture
4. Highlight 3 similarities and difference of Nigeria culture.

Assignment:-  Nigeria culture is unique. Explain with typical examples two things that makes Nigeria culture unique

WEEK NINE

TOPICE:-  ADAPTABILITY

Adaptability can be defined as the ability to adjust oneself to different conditions in the environment.

It is the ability of an individual to respond to changes in its environment

Examples of adaptability is a  student from citadel secondary school oke-Ibadan, oyo state resuming for second term in Elias Secondary School, ile-epo, Lagos state.  For her to be successful academically she needs to be flexible and adapt to changes like, new teachers, new friends, new environment, etc.

Types of Adaptability

1. Cognitive adaptability
2. Emotional adaptability
3. Dispositional adaptability

Cognitive Adaptability:-  This is the ability to use different thinking strategies and be mentally  alert/sound.

Emotional Adaptability:-  Some students are faced with challenges in their family which in one way or the other affect their emotions in the classroom setting or in any given environment.  Ability to be able to adapt to such conditions and never allow such to jeopardized their future is emotional adaptability.

Dispositional Adaptability:-  Ability to aim higher and at the same time have the tendency of achieving success.  Some students make the tendency of achieving success academically due to their character, ability of such learner to adapt with the teachings apply it and be successful academically is dispositional adaptability.

Importance of adaptability

1. It enables individual to adapt to changes and new ways of doing things quickly and easily
2. It helps people{students] to maintain positive attitude to work
3. In a competitive and changing learning environment, it helps students to be focus and strive in achieving good success
4. It also helps students to be a problem solver

Evaluation:

1. Define adaptability
2. List 3 types of adaptability
3. Explain the types of adaptability
4. Highlight 3 importance of adaptability

Assignment:-  In a learning environment, is there any need for Adaptability? Explain in detail.