Division of Numbers
Subject:
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MATHEMATICS
Term:
FIRST TERM
Week:
WEEK 4
Class:
PRIMARY 6 / BASIC 6
Topic:
Division of numbers Whole Numbers
- Decimal fractions
- Real life problems .
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Previous lesson:
The pupils have previous knowledge of
Multiplication of Numbers
that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson
Behavioural objectives:
At the end of the lesson, pupils will be able to
- Divide 3 digit numbers by 3 digit numbers and write the answers in words
- Divide decimal fractions by decimal fractions with different numerators and denominators
- Solve real live problems that are related to division of numbers
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
- Abacus
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Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
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Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- Lagos State Basic Education Curriculum
Content:
Division of numbers
Division is a mathematical operation that involves dividing one number (the dividend) by another (the divisor) to find the quotient. The result of the division is the number of times the divisor can be evenly divided into the dividend.
For example, if you divide 12 by 3, the result is 4 because 3 can be evenly divided into 12 four times. The symbol for division is a forward slash (/).
Here is an example of division using the forward slash symbol:
15 / 3 = 5
In this example, 15 is the dividend and 3 is the divisor. The result of the division, 5, is the quotient.
Division is the inverse of multiplication. If you multiply a number by the quotient of a division, you should get the dividend. For example:
15 / 3 = 5 5 * 3 = 15
In this example, the division and multiplication cancel each other out, resulting in the original dividend.
Here are some key words that are used for division of numbers in story problems.
- Divide: This word indicates that you should perform division to solve the problem.
- Share: This word suggests that you should divide a quantity equally among a certain number of people or groups.
- Quotient: This word refers to the result of a division problem.
- Remainder: This word refers to the amount left over after dividing a number by another. For example, if you divide 17 by 4, the remainder is 1 because 17 cannot be evenly divided by 4.
- Ratio: This word refers to the relationship between two or more quantities expressed as a fraction.
- Proportion: This word refers to a relationship between two or more quantities expressed as a ratio that is equal to 1.
- Percent: This word refers to a ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. For example, 50% is equal to 50/100, or 1/2.
Here is an example of a word problem involving division:
“There are 24 cookies that need to be divided equally among 6 people. How many cookies will each person get?”
To solve this problem, you would divide the total number of cookies (24) by the number of people (6) to find the number of cookies each person will get. 24 / 6 = 4, so each person will get 4 cookies.
Division of 3 digits numbers by another 2 digit numbers
To divide a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number, you can use the standard long division method. Here’s an example of how to divide a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number using long division:
Example: Divide 345 by 21
- Write the dividend (345) and divisor (21) in the long division format:
345 / 21
- Divide the first two digits of the dividend (34) by the divisor (21) to find the first digit of the quotient. In this case, 34 / 21 = 1 with a remainder of 13. Write the 1 as the first digit of the quotient and the remainder (13) below the dividend.
21 345 -21 13
- Bring down the next digit of the dividend (5) to form a new dividend (135). Divide this new dividend by the divisor (21). In this case, 135 / 21 = 6 with a remainder of 9. Write the 6 as the next digit of the quotient and the remainder (9) below the dividend.
21 345 -21 13 21 -9 9
- Bring down the final digit of the dividend (there are no more digits in this case). Divide this new dividend by the divisor (21). In this case, 9 / 21 = 0 with a remainder of 9. Write the 0 as the final digit of the quotient and the remainder (9) below the dividend.
21 345 -21 13 21 -9 9 21 -9 0
- The final remainder (0) indicates that the division is complete, so the quotient is 16.
Therefore, 345 divided by 21 is equal to 16.
It’s important to use long division carefully and double-check your work to ensure that you have arrived at the correct answer. If you make a mistake while dividing, it can affect the remainder and the quotient.
Evaluation
- What is the quotient when 345 is divided by 21?
- What is the remainder when 456 is divided by 32?
- What is the quotient when 678 is divided by 45?
- What is the remainder when 789 is divided by 56?
- What is the quotient when 891 is divided by 67?
Objectives
- What is the quotient when 315 is divided by 21? a) 16 b) 15 c) 14 d) 13
- What is the quotient when 384 is divided by 32? a) 8 b) 12 c) 16 d) 24
- What is the quotient when 675 is divided by 45? a) 15 b) 14 c) 13 d) 12
- What is the quotient when 1064 is divided by 56? a) 25 b) 23 c) 21 d) 19
- What is the quotient when 871 is divided by 67? a) 13 b) 14 c) 15 d) 16
- What is the answer when 912 is divided by 78? a) 34 b) 36 c) 38 d) 40
- What is the quotient when 123 is divided by 24? a) 35 b) 36 c) 37 d) 38
- What is the remainder when 234 is divided by 32? a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8
- What is the quotient when 345 is divided by 45? a) 7 b) 8 c) 9 d) 10
- What is the remainder when 456 is divided by 56? a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 6
Division of Decimal Fractions
A decimal fraction is a way of expressing a number that is between two whole numbers. It is written using a decimal point, which separates the whole number part of the number from the fractional part.
A decimal fraction has its denominator to be ten, one hundred, one thousand and so on based on the number of decimal places that are in that particular decimal number or fraction.
Examples of decimal fractions with their numbers of decimal places are
- 0.75 (two decimal places)
- 0.5 ( one decimal place)
- 12.45 (two decimal places)
- 100.1 (one decimal place)
- 32.13 (two decimal places)
For example, the number 0.75 is a decimal fraction. The “0” is the whole number part of the number, and the “75” is the fractional part. The decimal point separates these two parts.
Decimal fractions are used to represent numbers that are not whole numbers, such as 0.75 (which represents 3/4) or 0.5 (which represents 1/2). They are used in many different applications, including in mathematics, finance, and science.
To write a decimal fraction, we place the whole number part to the left of the decimal point and the fractional part to the right. For example, the number 0.75 is written with the whole number “0” to the left of the decimal point and the fractional part “75” to the right.
Division of Decimal Fractions.
To divide decimal fractions, you can use the standard long division method. Here’s an example of how to divide a decimal fraction by a whole number using long division:
Example: Divide 0.75 by 3
- Write the dividend (0.75) and divisor (3) in the long division format:
- Divide the first digit of the dividend (0) by the divisor (3) to find the first digit of the quotient. In this case, 0 / 3 = 0. Write the 0 as the first digit of the quotient and the remainder (0) below the dividend.
- Bring down the next digit of the dividend (7) to form a new dividend (0.07). Divide this new dividend by the divisor (3). In this case, 7 / 3 = 2 with a remainder of 1. Write the 2 as the next digit of the quotient and the remainder (1) below the dividend.
- Bring down the final digit of the dividend (5) to form a new dividend (0.15). Divide this new dividend by the divisor (3). In this case, 15 / 3 = 5 with a remainder of 0. Write the 5 as the final digit of the quotient and the remainder (0) below the dividend.
- The final remainder (0) indicates that the division is complete, so the quotient is 0.25.
Therefore, 0.75 divided by 3 is equal to 0.25.
It’s important to use long division carefully and double-check your work to ensure that you have arrived at the correct answer. If you make a mistake while dividing, it can affect the remainder and the quotient.
You can also divide decimal fractions by other decimal fractions using the same long division method. Just be sure to line up the decimal points correctly. For example:
Example: Divide 0.75 by 0.25
- Write the dividend (0.75) and divisor (0.25) in the long division format:
It’s important to remember that you cannot divide by 0. If the divisor is 0, the quotient is undefined.
Evaluation :
Theory
Solve the following problems on multiplication of decimal fractions.
Show all workings neatly and clearly.
- What is the quotient when 0.75 is divided by 3?
- What is the remainder when 0.25 is divided by 5?
- What is the quotient when 0.45 is divided by 2?
- What is the remainder when 0.60 is divided by 4?
- What is the quotient when 0.78 is divided by 6?
Presentation
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1:
The class teacher revises the previous topics
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
Conclusion
The class teacher wraps up or concludes the lesson by giving out short notes to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.
The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.
He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.
