Nutritional Deficiency Diseases
Subject : Agricultural Science
Term : Second Term
Class : JSS 2
Week 6
Topic :
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases
Farm Animal Diseases/Symptoms of Farm Animal Diseases/Mode of Transmission
The table below shows the name of disease, the causative organism, the animals affected, symptoms, mode of spread and control measures.
| S/n | Name of Disease | Causative organisms | Animals Affected | Symptoms | Mode of spread | Control measures | |
| 1. | Mastitis | Bacteria | Cattle, sheep, goat, pig | The udder becomes swollen, reddened and painful | Water, food, injuries on the udder, milking, marching | Good hygiene, get rid of flies, disinfect milking marching | |
| 2. | Contagious abortion | Cattle, sheep, goats, pigs | Irritation, catarrhal condition in the womb | Servicing by infected bull, flies, contaminated pasture | Vaccination, contact vet. Doctor. | ||
| 3. | Anthrax | Cattle, sheep, goats | – Blood stained discharges from mouth or nostril – death – swelling in the neck | Contact with infected animals & their products | Vaccination, disinfect pens, burn or burry dead animals. | ||
| 4. | Tuberculosis | Cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs | Persistent cough, emaciation, death | Contact with discharge or sputum of infected animals | No treatment. Kill and burry infected animals. Vaccination | ||
| 5. | Fowl typhoid | Poultry | -Dullness, -yellowish discharges | Contact with infected birds | Vaccination, proper sanitation | ||
| 6. | Foot & mouth | Virus | Cattle, sheep, goats | Sores on the feet, lips, foaming, lameness | Contact with infected animals | Vaccination & isolation | |
| 7. | Rinderpest (cattle plague) | Cattle, sheep, goats | Blood stained diarrhea, grind of teeth, difficult breathing | Contact with infected animals and food | No treatment, kill and burry infected animals. Vaccination | ||
| 8. | New castle disease | Poultry | Neck twisting, difficulty in breathing, greenish droppings, soft egg shell | Contact with droppings, and nasal discharge | Good sanitation, vaccination with NDC vaccine | ||
| 9. | Fowl Pox | Poultry | Blisters on comb and wattle | Contact with infected animal, by biting insects | Vaccination, Cull infected birds. | ||
| 10. | Swine Fever | Pigs | Fever | Entire body | Vaccination | ||
| 11. | Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) | Virus/ Bacteria | Poultry | Difficulty in breathing, nasal discharge, loss in weight | Contact with infected nasal discharge | Good sanitation, avoid the use of sawdust. | |
| 12. | Ring worm | Fungus | All animals & birds | Lesions or scab on the skin, falling off of hair, grey patches on wattle and combs of birds | Contact with infected birds | Treat with iodine, good sanitation, isolate infected birds | |
| 13. | Scabies | Cattle, goats, sheep | Itchy little lumps in the body, sores with pus, fever | Contact with infected animals and beddings | Good sanitation, dip animals into lindane solution | ||
| 14. | Trypanosomiasis | Protozoa | Cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs | Weakness, hair on tail pull off, loss of condition Blood stained watery droppings, ruffled feathers, loss of weight, death. | Through tsetse flies’ bite | Treat with trypanosomide drug, clear bushes around pen, kill flies with chemical | |
| 15. | Coccidiosis | Protozoa | Poultry, rabbits | Contact with contaminated feed and water | Good sanitation, treat with coccidiostats e.g. Sulphamethazone | ||
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases
| S/n | Diseases | Livestock | Cause | Symptoms | Control | |
| 1. | Bloat | Cattle, sheep, goats | Feeding on succulent pasture | Swollen stomach Difficult breathing | Avoid succulent feed. Puncture the rumen | |
| 2. | Osteomalacia | All domestic animals | Deficiency of calcium | Weak bones | Feed with rich calcium and phosphorus | |
| 3. | Rickets | All domestic animals | Calcium deficiency | Weak bones | Add and phosphorus to feed | |
| 4. | Anaemia | All domestic animals | Deficiency of Iron (Fe) | Insufficient blood | Addition of iron complex to feed | |
| 5. | Night blindness | All domestic animals | Lack of vit. A | Inability to see clearly in dim light | Feed with yellow maize | |
EVALUATION
- List four modes of transmission of disease causing organisms
- Differentiate between contagious disease and infectious disease and give two examples of each of them.
- What are zoonotic diseases?
- Name the pathogens that caused the following diseases: (i) Trypanosomiasis (ii) Ring worm (iii) Swine fever (iv) Tuberculosis
- Copy and complete the table below:
| Name of Disease | Causative Organisms | Animals Affected | Symptoms | Mode of Spread | Control Measures | |
| Mastitis | 2 | The udder becomes swollen, reddened and painful | 4 | Good hygiene, get rid of flies, disinfect milking marching | ||
| 1 | 3 | Blisters on comb and wattle | Contact with infected animal, by biting insects | 5 | ||