Nutritional Deficiency Diseases

 

 

Subject : Agricultural Science

 

Term : Second Term

 

Class : JSS 2

 

Week 6

 

Topic :

Nutritional Deficiency Diseases

 

Farm Animal Diseases/Symptoms of Farm Animal Diseases/Mode of Transmission

The table below shows the name of disease, the causative organism, the animals affected, symptoms, mode of spread and control measures.

	S/n	Name of Disease	Causative organisms	Animals Affected	Symptoms	Mode of spread	Control measures
	1.	Mastitis	Bacteria	Cattle, sheep, goat, pig	The udder becomes swollen, reddened and painful	Water, food, injuries on the udder, milking, marching	Good hygiene, get rid of flies, disinfect milking marching
	2.	Contagious abortion		Cattle, sheep, goats, pigs	Irritation, catarrhal condition in the womb	Servicing by infected bull, flies, contaminated pasture	Vaccination, contact vet. Doctor.
	3.	Anthrax		Cattle, sheep, goats	– Blood stained discharges from mouth or nostril – death – swelling in the neck	Contact with infected animals & their products	Vaccination, disinfect pens, burn or burry dead animals.
	4.	Tuberculosis		Cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs	Persistent cough, emaciation, death	Contact with discharge or sputum of infected animals	No treatment. Kill and burry infected animals. Vaccination
	5.	Fowl typhoid		Poultry	-Dullness, -yellowish discharges	Contact with infected birds	Vaccination, proper sanitation
	6.	Foot & mouth	Virus	Cattle, sheep, goats	Sores on the feet, lips, foaming, lameness	Contact with infected animals	Vaccination & isolation
	7.	Rinderpest (cattle plague)		Cattle, sheep, goats	Blood stained diarrhea, grind of teeth, difficult breathing	Contact with infected animals and food	No treatment, kill and burry infected animals. Vaccination
	8.	New castle disease		Poultry	Neck twisting, difficulty in breathing, greenish droppings, soft egg shell	Contact with droppings, and nasal discharge	Good sanitation, vaccination with NDC vaccine
	9.	Fowl Pox		Poultry	Blisters on comb and wattle	Contact with infected animal, by biting insects	Vaccination, Cull infected birds.
	10.	Swine Fever		Pigs	Fever	Entire body	Vaccination
	11.	Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD)	Virus/ Bacteria	Poultry	Difficulty in breathing, nasal discharge, loss in weight	Contact with infected nasal discharge	Good sanitation, avoid the use of sawdust.
	12.	Ring worm	Fungus	All animals & birds	Lesions or scab on the skin, falling off of hair, grey patches on wattle and combs of birds	Contact with infected birds	Treat with iodine, good sanitation, isolate infected birds
	13.	Scabies		Cattle, goats, sheep	Itchy little lumps in the body, sores with pus, fever	Contact with infected animals and beddings	Good sanitation, dip animals into lindane solution
	14.	Trypanosomiasis	Protozoa	Cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs	Weakness, hair on tail pull off, loss of condition Blood stained watery droppings, ruffled feathers, loss of weight, death.	Through tsetse flies’ bite	Treat with trypanosomide drug, clear bushes around pen, kill flies with chemical
	15.	Coccidiosis	Protozoa	Poultry, rabbits		Contact with contaminated feed and water	Good sanitation, treat with coccidiostats e.g. Sulphamethazone

 

Nutritional Deficiency Diseases

	S/n	Diseases	Livestock	Cause	Symptoms	Control
	1.	Bloat	Cattle, sheep, goats	Feeding on succulent pasture	Swollen stomach Difficult breathing	Avoid succulent feed. Puncture the rumen
	2.	Osteomalacia	All domestic animals	Deficiency of calcium	Weak bones	Feed with rich calcium and phosphorus
	3.	Rickets	All domestic animals	Calcium deficiency	Weak bones	Add and phosphorus to feed
	4.	Anaemia	All domestic animals	Deficiency of Iron (Fe)	Insufficient blood	Addition of iron complex to feed
	5.	Night blindness	All domestic animals	Lack of vit. A	Inability to see clearly in dim light	Feed with yellow maize

EVALUATION

1. List four modes of transmission of disease causing organisms
2. Differentiate between contagious disease and infectious disease and give two examples of each of them.
3. What are zoonotic diseases?
4. Name the pathogens that caused the following diseases: (i) Trypanosomiasis (ii) Ring worm (iii) Swine fever (iv) Tuberculosis
5. Copy and complete the table below:

	Name of Disease	Causative Organisms	Animals Affected	Symptoms	Mode of Spread	Control Measures
	Mastitis		2	The udder becomes swollen, reddened and painful	4	Good hygiene, get rid of flies, disinfect milking marching
	1		3	Blisters on comb and wattle	Contact with infected animal, by biting insects	5