Construction with Past and Past Perfect Tenses English Grammar Primary 5

Lesson Plan for Primary 5 – English Grammar

Second Term, Week 10

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: 10
Age: 9–10 years
Topic: Construction with the Past and Past Perfect Tenses
Sub-topic: Forming and Using the Past and Past Perfect Tenses
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define past tense and past perfect tense.
2. Differentiate between past tense and past perfect tense.
3. Construct sentences correctly using past and past perfect tenses.

Keywords: Past tense, Past perfect tense, Grammar, Sentence construction

Set Induction: The teacher narrates a short story using sentences in the past tense and past perfect tense, then asks pupils to identify the tenses used.

Entry Behavior: Pupils have basic knowledge of simple past tense verbs.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with sentences in past and past perfect tenses
• Chart showing rules of verb conjugation for past and past perfect tenses

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: Pupils have learned about the simple past tense and its usage.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Grammar skills
• Sentence construction
• Critical thinking

Reference Books: Lagos State Scheme of Work for English Language, Primary 5

Instructional Materials: Flashcards, verb charts, and examples on the whiteboard

Content

1. Past Tense

The past tense describes actions that happened at a specific time in the past.

• Form: Add -ed to regular verbs; irregular verbs change form.
• Examples:
  • She walked to school.
  • They ate breakfast early.

2. Past Perfect Tense

The past perfect tense describes actions that were completed before another action in the past.

• Form: Had + past participle of the verb
• Examples:
  • She had walked to school before it started raining.
  • They had eaten breakfast before the guests arrived.

3. Rules for Using the Past and Past Perfect Tenses

1. Use the past tense for actions that occurred in the past.
   • Example: I played football yesterday.
2. Use the past perfect tense to show an action that happened before another past action.
   • Example: By the time I arrived, the meeting had already started.
3. Use time markers like before, after, by the time to clarify the sequence of events.

4. Examples for Practice

1. She ______ (complete) her homework before she went to bed. (had completed)
2. I ______ (visit) the museum last weekend. (visited)
3. By the time we arrived, the train ______ (leave). (had left)
4. They ______ (finish) the project before the deadline. (had finished)

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. He ______ (write) a letter to his friend last night.
   a) writes
   b) wrote
   c) had written
   d) writing
2. Before the teacher came, the pupils ______ (arrange) their seats.
   a) arranged
   b) arranging
   c) had arranged
   d) arrange
3. She ______ (finish) cooking before they arrived.
   a) finished
   b) had finished
   c) finishes
   d) finishing
4. We ______ (watch) a movie yesterday.
   a) had watched
   b) watched
   c) watching
   d) watches
5. By the time I called, he ______ (go) out.
   a) goes
   b) gone
   c) had gone
   d) going
6. They ______ (clean) the room before their parents came home.
   a) cleaning
   b) cleaned
   c) had cleaned
   d) clean
7. The boys ______ (play) football at the park.
   a) playing
   b) plays
   c) played
   d) had played
8. I ______ (complete) my assignment before the bell rang.
   a) had completed
   b) completed
   c) completes
   d) completing
9. The dog ______ (bark) loudly last night.
   a) barking
   b) barked
   c) had barked
   d) barks
10. By the time we reached home, it ______ (start) raining.
    a) started
    b) starting
    c) had started
    d) starts
11. They ______ (read) the book before the test.
    a) reading
    b) read
    c) had read
    d) reads
12. She ______ (arrive) late to the meeting.
    a) arrives
    b) arrived
    c) had arrived
    d) arriving
13. He ______ (paint) the house before the guests came.
    a) painted
    b) had painted
    c) painting
    d) paints
14. The children ______ (sing) a song yesterday.
    a) singing
    b) sang
    c) had sung
    d) sings
15. We ______ (leave) the party early last night.
    a) leaving
    b) left
    c) had left
    d) leaves

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the past tense?
   • The past tense describes actions that happened at a specific time in the past.
2. What is the past perfect tense?
   • The past perfect tense describes actions that were completed before another past action.
3. How is the past perfect tense formed?
   • It is formed using had + past participle.
4. What is a past participle?
   • A past participle is the form of a verb used in perfect tenses (e.g., walked, eaten).
5. Give an example of a past tense sentence.
   • Example: She played basketball yesterday.
6. Give an example of a past perfect sentence.
   • Example: She had played basketball before the rain started.
7. What time markers are used with the past perfect tense?
   • Time markers include before, after, by the time.
8. Can the past perfect tense stand alone in a sentence?
   • No, it usually pairs with another past action.
9. Why do we use the past perfect tense?
   • To show the sequence of two past events.
10. Is “had” used with singular and plural subjects?
    • Yes, “had” is used with all subjects.

Presentation

Step 1: Revision of the previous topic.

• The teacher reviews articles and their usage with pupils.

Step 2: Introduction of the new topic.

• The teacher explains past and past perfect tenses with examples and rules.

Step 3: Students’ contributions and corrections.

• Pupils construct sentences using past and past perfect tenses.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain the differences between past and past perfect tenses.
• Provide examples and guide pupils through exercises.

Learner’s Activities:

• Identify tenses in sentences.
• Construct sentences using the past and past perfect tenses.

Assessment:

• Pupils correctly form sentences using the past and past perfect tenses.

Evaluation Questions

1. Define the past tense.
2. Define the past perfect tense.
3. Write a sentence using the past tense.
4. Write a sentence using the past perfect tense.
5. What is the rule for forming the past perfect tense?
6. Identify the tense: “She had eaten before we arrived.”
7. Complete the sentence: “They ______ (leave) before we arrived.”
8. Why do we use “had” in the past perfect tense?
9. Correct this sentence: “He had saw the movie before it started.”
10. Differentiate between past tense and past perfect tense.

Conclusion:

The teacher reviews the lesson, emphasizing the formation and usage of past and past perfect tenses to improve pupils’ grammar skills.