Mastering Conjunctions Grammar Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Week 5: Grammar – Identifying and Using Conjunctions

Subject: Grammar
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 5
Age: 9 years

Topic: Identifying and Using Conjunctions
Sub-topic: Understanding and Applying Conjunctions
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

• Pupils will be able to identify and use conjunctions in sentences.
• Pupils will understand the role of conjunctions in connecting words, phrases, and clauses.
• Pupils will create sentences using different conjunctions to show relationships between ideas.

Key Words:

• Conjunction
• Connect
• Clause
• Join
• Example

Set Induction:

Begin by explaining what conjunctions are and their role in connecting different parts of a sentence. Use simple examples to show how conjunctions join words, phrases, or clauses (e.g., “and,” “but,” “or”).

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils should have a basic understanding of nouns, verbs, and sentence structure from previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Charts showing examples of common conjunctions
• Worksheets with sentences for practice
• Flashcards with conjunctions

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Relate conjunctions to previously learned sentence structures, highlighting how they help in forming complete sentences and expressing complex ideas.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Grammar identification
• Sentence formation
• Linking ideas

Learning Materials:

• Charts of common conjunctions
• Practice worksheets
• Flashcards

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Primary 4 English Language textbooks

Instructional Materials:

• Conjunction charts
• Practice worksheets
• Flashcards

Content:

1. Introduction to Conjunctions:
   • Definition: A conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence.
   • Examples: “and,” “but,” “or,” “because,” “so.”
   • Sentences:
     • “I like apples and oranges.” (Conjunction: and)
     • “She was tired, but she finished her homework.” (Conjunction: but)
2. Types of Conjunctions:
   • Coordinating Conjunctions:
     • “and,” “but,” “or,” “nor,” “for,” “so,” “yet”
     • Examples:
       • “We can go to the park or the zoo.” (Coordinating: or)
       • “It was raining, so we stayed inside.” (Coordinating: so)
   • Subordinating Conjunctions:
     • “because,” “although,” “if,” “when,” “unless”
     • Examples:
       • “We stayed home because it was raining.” (Subordinating: because)
       • “I will come if you invite me.” (Subordinating: if)
   • Correlative Conjunctions:
     • “either…or,” “neither…nor,” “both…and”
     • Examples:
       • “Either you can have cake or ice cream.” (Correlative: either…or)
       • “Both the cat and the dog were sleepy.” (Correlative: both…and)
3. Identifying and Using Conjunctions in Sentences:
   • Practice recognizing conjunctions and their functions in various sentences.
   • Examples:
     • “I wanted to go out, but it was too cold.” (Conjunction: but)
     • “She can have a cookie if she finishes her dinner.” (Conjunction: if)

Evaluation:

• Fill-in-the-Blank Questions:
  1. I like to swim ______ I don’t like to run. (conjunction: but)
     • a) and
     • b) but
     • c) or
     • d) so
  2. We can go to the beach ______ the park. (conjunction: or)
     • a) but
     • b) and
     • c) or
     • d) because
  3. She was happy ______ she won the prize. (conjunction: because)
     • a) or
     • b) but
     • c) so
     • d) because
  4. ______ you are late, you should hurry. (conjunction: since)
     • a) but
     • b) because
     • c) or
     • d) so
  5. They wanted to buy the toy ______ they had no money. (conjunction: but)
     • a) and
     • b) but
     • c) or
     • d) so
  6. You can either eat your vegetables ______ leave the table. (conjunction: or)
     • a) and
     • b) but
     • c) or
     • d) so
  7. I will help you ______ you ask me nicely. (conjunction: if)
     • a) or
     • b) because
     • c) if
     • d) but
  8. We went to the zoo ______ it was raining. (conjunction: although)
     • a) and
     • b) although
     • c) because
     • d) so
  9. ______ the movie is long, it is very interesting. (conjunction: Although)
     • a) but
     • b) because
     • c) or
     • d) although
  10. They brought snacks ______ drinks to the party. (conjunction: and)
      • a) or
      • b) but
      • c) and
      • d) so

Class Activity Discussion:

• FAQs with Answers:
  1. What is a conjunction?
     • A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence.
  2. What are some common coordinating conjunctions?
     • “and,” “but,” “or,” “nor,” “for,” “so,” “yet.”
  3. How do subordinating conjunctions work?
     • They connect a dependent clause to an independent clause.
  4. What are correlative conjunctions?
     • They come in pairs, such as “either…or” and “both…and.”
  5. Why are conjunctions important in sentences?
     • They help link ideas and create complex sentences.
  6. Can a sentence have more than one conjunction?
     • Yes, sentences can have multiple conjunctions.
  7. How can you identify a conjunction in a sentence?
     • Look for words that connect clauses or phrases.
  8. Can conjunctions be used to show contrast?
     • Yes, words like “but” and “although” show contrast.
  9. How do you use conjunctions to add information?
     • Use words like “and” or “both…and” to add details.
  10. What should you do if you’re unsure about using a conjunction?
      • Refer to examples and practice creating sentences with conjunctions.

• What is the function of a conjunction in a sentence?
  • Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence. They help join ideas and show the relationship between them.
• How can you identify a conjunction in a sentence?
  • Conjunctions are typically words that link different parts of a sentence. They often appear between two words, phrases, or clauses. Examples include and, but, or, because, and although.
• Can you provide 5 examples of coordinating conjunctions?
  • Examples of coordinating conjunctions are:
    • And
    • But
    • Or
    • Nor
    • So
• Why are conjunctions important in writing?
  • Conjunctions are important because they help create complex sentences, clarify relationships between ideas, and ensure smooth flow in writing. They prevent choppy or fragmented sentences.
• How do conjunctions help in connecting ideas?
  • Conjunctions connect ideas by linking related words, phrases, or clauses. They help show how different parts of a sentence are related, whether by adding information, showing contrast, or providing choices. For example, “I wanted to go for a walk, but it started raining.”

Presentation:

• Step 1: Review the previous topic on prepositions.
• Step 2: Introduce conjunctions, explaining their role in linking ideas and providing examples.
• Step 3: Allow pupils to practice using conjunctions in sentences and provide feedback.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain the concept of conjunctions with examples.
• Provide practice worksheets and activities.
• Assist pupils in using conjunctions correctly.

Learners’ Activities:

• Participate in discussions about conjunctions.
• Complete worksheets and sentence exercises.
• Use conjunctions in their own sentences.

Assessment:

• Review worksheets and class participation.
• Check understanding through fill-in-the-blank questions and discussions.

Evaluation Questions:

• What is the function of a conjunction in a sentence?
• How can you identify a conjunction in a sentence?
• Can you provide an example of a coordinating conjunction?
• Why are conjunctions important in writing?
• How do conjunctions help in connecting ideas?

Conclusion:

• The teacher will review pupils’ work, provide feedback, and address any difficulties encountered with using conjunctions.