Water: Meaning, Clean Qualities, Contaminants, Risks Basic Science Primary 3 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Lesson Plan: Water – Meaning, Clean Qualities, Contaminants, and Risks

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Lesson Plan Details

Subject: Basic Science
Class: Primary 3
Term: Second Term
Week: Week 5
Age: 8–9 years
Topic: Water
Sub-topic: Meaning, Clean Qualities, Contaminants, and Risks
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define water and clean water.
2. Identify qualities of clean water.
3. List examples of water contaminants.
4. Explain the risks of using contaminated water.

Keywords

• Water
• Clean water
• Contaminants
• Risks
• Safe drinking water

Set Induction

The teacher shows two glasses of water—one clean and the other dirty—and asks pupils which one they would prefer to drink and why.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils are familiar with drinking water but may not know the importance of ensuring its cleanliness.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Two glasses of water (clean and dirty)
• Pictures of clean water sources
• Charts showing contaminants and their effects

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher recalls the previous lesson on water composition and sources, explaining that not all water sources are safe for drinking.

Embedded Core Skills

• Observation
• Critical Thinking
• Health Awareness

Learning Materials

1. Lagos State Scheme of Work for Basic Science (Primary 3).
2. “Science Around Us” textbook for Primary 3.

Instructional Materials

• Two glasses of water (one clean, one dirty)
• Pictures and charts of water contaminants and clean water sources

Content

What is Water?

• Water is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless liquid essential for life.

What is Clean Water?

• Clean water is water that is free from dirt, harmful substances, and germs.
• It is safe for drinking, cooking, and other household uses.

Qualities of Clean Water

1. Clear and Colorless: No visible dirt or particles.
2. Tasteless and Odorless: No bad smell or taste.
3. Safe: Free from germs and harmful chemicals.
4. Fresh: Not stagnant or old.
5. From Reliable Sources: Comes from treated taps, clean wells, or bottled water.

Water Contaminants

1. Dirt: Sand, mud, or debris in water.
2. Germs: Harmful microorganisms like bacteria and viruses.
3. Chemicals: Pesticides, fertilizers, and industrial waste.
4. Oil Spills: From factories or oil tankers.
5. Human Waste: Dumping of sewage in rivers or lakes.

Risks of Using Contaminated Water

1. Diseases: Cholera, typhoid, and diarrhea.
2. Stomach Upset: Due to harmful bacteria.
3. Skin Infections: When used for bathing.
4. Poisoning: From chemicals and pesticides.
5. Death: In severe cases of waterborne diseases.

Evaluation Questions (Fill-in-the-Blank)

1. Clean water is free from ______. (a) germs (b) dirt (c) both a and b (d) oil)
2. Water is ______ for life. (a) harmful (b) essential (c) unnecessary (d) optional)
3. A bad smell in water means it is not ______. (a) clear (b) clean (c) safe (d) fresh)
4. Drinking contaminated water can cause ______. (a) fever (b) diseases (c) happiness (d) tiredness)
5. Germs in water cause ______ diseases. (a) skin (b) waterborne (c) air (d) fire)
6. An example of water contamination is ______. (a) oil spills (b) fresh rainwater (c) clean rivers (d) bottled water)
7. Safe water is ______ to drink. (a) harmful (b) safe (c) dirty (d) clean)
8. Cholera is caused by ______ water. (a) clean (b) fresh (c) contaminated (d) boiled)
9. One quality of clean water is being ______. (a) stagnant (b) clear (c) dirty (d) oily)
10. A reliable source of clean water is a ______. (a) polluted stream (b) treated tap (c) dirty well (d) oil tank)

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs)

1. What is clean water?
   Water free from dirt, germs, and harmful substances.
2. Why is clean water important?
   It is safe for drinking, cooking, and washing.
3. Name one quality of clean water.
   It is clear and colorless.
4. What makes water dirty?
   Dirt, germs, and chemicals.
5. What happens if we drink contaminated water?
   We can fall sick or get diseases.
6. Name one disease caused by dirty water.
   Cholera.
7. What is a good source of clean water?
   Treated tap water.
8. Why should water be fresh?
   Stale water may contain germs.
9. What are water contaminants?
   Dirt, germs, chemicals, oil spills, and human waste.
10. How can we avoid water contamination?
    By keeping water sources clean.

Presentation Steps

Teacher’s Activities

1. Revise the previous topic on water sources and uses.
2. Show two glasses of water (clean and dirty) and ask pupils which one is safe to drink.
3. Explain clean water and its qualities using simple terms.
4. Discuss contaminants and their effects on health using charts.
5. Ask pupils to share ways to ensure water is clean at home.

Learners’ Activities

1. Observe the teacher’s demonstrations.
2. Identify qualities of clean water from the pictures.
3. Discuss the risks of drinking contaminated water.
4. Answer the teacher’s questions during the lesson.

Assessment

Short-Answer Questions:

1. What is clean water?
2. Name three qualities of clean water.
3. List two contaminants of water.
4. Why is clean water important?
5. Name one disease caused by contaminated water.
6. What happens if water is not clean?
7. How can we keep water clean?
8. Name one risk of using contaminated water.
9. What are germs?
10. How does boiling water make it safe?

Conclusion

The teacher reviews the topic, answers remaining questions, and highlights the importance of using clean water to stay healthy. Feedback is given, and corrections are made where necessary.