Exploring Triangles: Definitions, Types, and Their Unique Parts Basic Technology JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Basic Technology JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Subject: Basic Technology
Class: JSS 2
Term: First Term
Week: 9
Age: 12 years
Topic: Triangles
Sub-topic: Definition and Types, Sketch Types of Triangles and Parts of a Triangle
Duration: 40 minutes


Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define triangles and identify their types.
  2. Sketch different types of triangles.
  3. Describe the parts of a triangle.

Keywords:

  • Triangle: A three-sided polygon.
  • Acute Triangle: All angles are less than 90°.
  • Obtuse Triangle: One angle is greater than 90°.
  • Right Triangle: One angle is exactly 90°.
  • Equilateral Triangle: All sides and angles are equal.

Set Induction:

The teacher asks students to recall shapes they learned previously and highlights the importance of triangles in construction and design.


Entry Behaviour:

Students should already know basic geometric shapes and have an understanding of angles.


Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Sketching paper
  • Pencils and rulers
  • Triangle models
  • Visual aids showing different triangles

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have previously learned about angles and polygons, providing a foundation for understanding triangles.


Embedded Core Skills:

  • Critical thinking
  • Artistic skills in sketching
  • Collaborative skills through group activities

Learning Materials:

  • Geometry textbooks
  • Reference books on polygons

Reference Books:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work
  • Basic Technology for Junior Secondary Schools by NERDC

Instructional Materials:

  • Triangle models (physical or digital)
  • Whiteboard and markers

Content:

I. Definition of Triangles

  1. Triangle: A polygon with three sides and three angles.
  2. Formula for Area: Area = 1/2 × base × height.

II. Types of Triangles

  1. By Sides:
    • Equilateral Triangle: All sides are equal.
    • Isosceles Triangle: Two sides are equal.
    • Scalene Triangle: All sides are different.
  2. By Angles:
    • Acute Triangle: All angles are less than 90°.
    • Right Triangle: One angle is exactly 90°.
    • Obtuse Triangle: One angle is greater than 90°.

III. Parts of a Triangle

  1. Vertices: The corners of the triangle.
  2. Sides: The lines connecting the vertices.
  3. Angles: The space between two sides at a vertex.

IV. Sketching Types of Triangles

  • Equilateral Triangle: Draw three equal sides and equal angles.
  • Isosceles Triangle: Draw two equal sides and one different side.
  • Scalene Triangle: Draw three sides of different lengths.
  • Acute Triangle: Ensure all angles are less than 90°.
  • Right Triangle: Draw one 90° angle.
  • Obtuse Triangle: Draw one angle greater than 90°.

15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions:

  1. A triangle has ______ sides.
    a) Four
    b) Three
    c) Two
    d) Five
  2. An equilateral triangle has ______ sides that are equal.
    a) No
    b) Some
    c) All
    d) Two
  3. A right triangle has one angle that measures ______.
    a) 45°
    b) 90°
    c) 60°
    d) 30°
  4. The corners of a triangle are called ______.
    a) Sides
    b) Vertices
    c) Angles
    d) Bases
  5. An isosceles triangle has ______ equal sides.
    a) No
    b) One
    c) Two
    d) Three
  6. A triangle with all angles less than 90° is called an ______ triangle.
    a) Acute
    b) Obtuse
    c) Right
    d) Isosceles
  7. The area of a triangle can be calculated using the formula: Area = ______.
    a) Base + Height
    b) 1/2 × Base × Height
    c) Base × Height
    d) 1/3 × Base × Height
  8. A triangle with one angle greater than 90° is called an ______ triangle.
    a) Acute
    b) Right
    c) Obtuse
    d) Equilateral
  9. The sides of a triangle connect at the ______.
    a) Base
    b) Angle
    c) Vertex
    d) Height
  10. The sum of all angles in a triangle is ______ degrees.
    a) 180
    b) 90
    c) 360
    d) 270
  11. A scalene triangle has ______ equal sides.
    a) One
    b) Two
    c) Three
    d) No
  12. The ______ is the longest side in a right triangle.
    a) Hypotenuse
    b) Base
    c) Height
    d) Side
  13. Triangles can be classified by their ______ and sides.
    a) Length
    b) Width
    c) Angles
    d) Color
  14. A triangle that has two equal angles is called an ______ triangle.
    a) Equilateral
    b) Isosceles
    c) Right
    d) Scalene
  15. A triangle can be drawn using a ______ and a ruler.
    a) Protractor
    b) Compass
    c) Marker
    d) Pencil

15 FAQs with Answers:

  1. What is a triangle?
    A triangle is a three-sided polygon.
  2. How do you classify triangles?
    They can be classified by sides (equilateral, isosceles, scalene) and angles (acute, right, obtuse).
  3. What are the parts of a triangle?
    The parts include vertices, sides, and angles.
  4. How do you find the area of a triangle?
    Use the formula: Area = 1/2 × base × height.
  5. What is an equilateral triangle?
    It is a triangle with all sides and angles equal.
  6. What makes a right triangle special?
    It has one angle that measures exactly 90°.
  7. Can a triangle have two obtuse angles?
    No, the sum of angles in a triangle must equal 180°.
  8. What does scalene mean?
    It refers to a triangle with all sides of different lengths.
  9. How can I sketch a triangle?
    Use a ruler to draw three lines connecting at three points.
  10. What is the significance of the vertices in a triangle?
    They are the corners where the sides meet.
  11. How do you measure the angles in a triangle?
    Use a protractor to measure each angle.
  12. What type of triangle has two equal sides?
    An isosceles triangle.
  13. What is an acute triangle?
    A triangle where all angles are less than 90°.
  14. Can you give an example of a real-life triangle?
    The triangular shape of roofs or sails.
  15. Why are triangles important in construction?
    They provide stability and strength in structures.

Presentation Steps:

Step 1:

The teacher revises the previous topic about angles and their types.

Step 2:

The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the definition of triangles and their types.

Step 3:

The teacher allows pupils to contribute, demonstrating their understanding by sketching different types of triangles.


Teacher’s Activities:

  • Demonstrate how to sketch different types of triangles.
  • Guide students in identifying parts of triangles.
  • Discuss practical applications of triangles.

Learners’ Activities:

  • Practice sketching various types of triangles.
  • Label the parts of their drawn triangles.
  • Work in pairs to compare their sketches.

Assessment:

  1. Define a triangle.
  2. List the types of triangles based on sides.
  3. Sketch an equilateral triangle.
  4. Explain the characteristics of a right triangle.
  5. How do you find the area of a triangle?
  6. Identify the parts of a triangle.
  7. Describe a scalene triangle.
  8. What is the sum of angles in a triangle?
  9. How many sides does a triangle have?
  10. Why are triangles important in design and construction?

Conclusion:

The teacher goes around to mark the students’ work and provides feedback on their understanding of triangles.