Common Crops and their Scientific/Botanical Names AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE THIRD TERM JSS TWO

Common Crops and their Scientific/Botanical Names:

Here are 15 common crops used as food in many localities, along with their scientific/botanical names:

1. Rice – Oryza sativa
2. Wheat – Triticum aestivum
3. Maize/Corn – Zea mays
4. Potato – Solanum tuberosum
5. Tomato – Solanum lycopersicum
6. Onion – Allium cepa
7. Carrot – Daucus carota
8. Cabbage – Brassica oleracea
9. Lettuce – Lactuca sativa
10. Banana – Musa spp.
11. Apple – Malus domestica
12. Orange – Citrus sinensis
13. Mango – Mangifera indica
14. Soybean – Glycine max
15. Peanut – Arachis hypogaea

Please note that the availability and commonality of crops may vary depending on the specific locality.

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2. Preparation for JSS 1 and 2 Agricultural Science Test:

To prepare for a test that covers JSS 1 and 2 Agricultural Science, it is important to review and understand the key concepts and topics covered in these grade levels. Here are some areas you can focus on while preparing for the test:

1. Introduction to Agriculture: Understand the meaning, scope, and importance of agriculture in society.
2. Soil Science: Learn about soil formation, properties, and types. Study soil erosion, conservation, and soil fertility.
3. Crop Production: Familiarize yourself with various aspects of crop production, including seed selection, planting methods, crop rotation, and intercropping.
4. Animal Production: Study the basics of animal rearing, including breeds of livestock, feeding, housing, and common diseases.
5. Farm Tools and Equipment: Understand the uses and maintenance of different farm tools and equipment.
6. Agricultural Economics: Learn about basic economic concepts related to agriculture, including supply and demand, market structures, and agricultural subsidies.
7. Agricultural Marketing and Processing: Explore the marketing and processing of agricultural products, including storage, preservation, and value addition.
8. Agricultural Extension: Familiarize yourself with the role of extension services in disseminating agricultural information and technologies to farmers.
9. Environmental Conservation: Understand the importance of environmental conservation in agriculture, including sustainable farming practices and natural resource management.
10. Agricultural Policy: Study agricultural policies, both national and international, and their impact on agricultural development.

It is also essential to go through your class notes, textbooks, and any additional study materials provided by your teacher. Make sure to allocate sufficient time for revision, practice past test questions if available, and seek clarification from your teacher or classmates on any topics you find challenging. Good luck with your test!

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Evaluation

Agricultural Science:

1. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert __________ into __________ and release oxygen. a) Carbon dioxide, water b) Oxygen, carbon dioxide c) Water, oxygen
2. The process of removing weeds from a cultivated field is called __________. a) Irrigation b) Fertilization c) Weeding
3. __________ is a disease-resistant variety of wheat. a) Triticum aestivum b) Oryza sativa c) Glycine max
4. Animal husbandry refers to the __________ of animals for various purposes. a) Cultivation b) Breeding c) Harvesting
5. The use of organic materials such as compost or manure to improve soil fertility is known as __________. a) Irrigation b) Mulching c) Organic farming
6. __________ is a major source of vitamin C and is commonly used in salads and sandwiches. a) Banana b) Lettuce c) Orange
7. __________ is a method of asexual reproduction in plants where a new plant develops from a stem or leaf of the parent plant. a) Grafting b) Budding c) Cutting
8. The process of storing and preserving agricultural produce to prevent spoilage is known as __________. a) Harvesting b) Storage c) Post-harvest handling
9. __________ is a common cereal crop that is used for making bread, pasta, and other food products. a) Potato b) Wheat c) Tomato
10. The branch of agricultural science that deals with the breeding and improvement of livestock is called __________. a) Agronomy b) Animal husbandry c) Horticulture

Note: The correct answers for the questions are as follows:

1. a) Carbon dioxide, water
2. c) Weeding
3. a) Triticum aestivum
4. b) Breeding
5. c) Organic farming
6. b) Lettuce
7. c) Cutting
8. b) Storage
9. b) Wheat
10. b) Animal husbandry

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Common Food Crops Evaluation

1. __________ is a widely consumed staple crop and its scientific name is Oryza sativa.
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Maize

2. __________ is a root vegetable with the scientific name Solanum tuberosum.
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Potato

3. __________ is a fruit that belongs to the genus Musa.
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Banana

4. __________ is a commonly used leafy vegetable with the scientific name Lactuca sativa.
a) Cabbage
b) Wheat
c) Maize

5. __________ is a legume crop with the scientific name Glycine max.
a) Soybean
b) Tomato
c) Onion

6. __________ is a popular fruit with the scientific name Mangifera indica.
a) Mango
b) Wheat
c) Maize

7. __________ is a widely cultivated cereal crop known as Zea mays.
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Maize

8. __________ is a commonly consumed vegetable with the scientific name Brassica oleracea.
a) Carrot
b) Cabbage
c) Potato

9. __________ is a juicy fruit with the scientific name Citrus sinensis.
a) Orange
b) Wheat
c) Tomato

10. __________ is a bulb vegetable with the scientific name Allium cepa.
a) Onion
b) Wheat
c) Rice

Note: The correct answers for the questions are as follows:
1. a) Rice
2. c) Potato
3. a) Banana
4. a) Cabbage
5. a) Soybean
6. a) Mango
7. c) Maize
8. b) Cabbage
9. a) Orange
10. a) Onion

Preparation for jss 2 Agricultural Science test

1. Farming involves the cultivation of crops and the rearing of __________.
a) Fish
b) Poultry
c) Livestock

2. The process of transferring pollen from the male reproductive organ to the female reproductive organ in flowers is called __________.
a) Germination
b) Pollination
c) Fertilization

3. The study of soil and its properties is known as __________.
a) Agronomy
b) Soil science
c) Horticulture

4. The process of removing unwanted plants from a crop field is called __________.
a) Harvesting
b) Cultivation
c) Weeding

5. Animal waste such as manure can be used as a __________ to improve soil fertility.
a) Pesticide
b) Fertilizer
c) Herbicide

6. __________ is the science of growing plants without soil.
a) Aquaculture
b) Horticulture
c) Hydroponics

7. The main source of energy for plants during photosynthesis is __________.
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Oxygen
c) Sunlight

8. __________ is the process of converting milk into various dairy products like cheese and yogurt.
a) Irrigation
b) Fermentation
c) Pasteurization

9. __________ is the practice of raising fish in tanks or ponds.
a) Aquaculture
b) Apiculture
c) Sericulture

10. The process of raising bees for the production of honey is called __________.
a) Apiculture
b) Sericulture
c) Pisciculture

Note: The correct answers for the questions are as follows:
1. c) Livestock
2. b) Pollination
3. b) Soil science
4. c) Weeding
5. b) Fertilizer
6. c) Hydroponics
7. c) Sunlight
8. b) Fermentation
9. a) Aquaculture
10. a) Apiculture

Lesson Plan Presentation: Agricultural Science – Crops and Farming

I. Learning Objectives:

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

1. Identify and describe common crops used as food.

2. Understand the scientific/botanical names of common crops.

3. Explain the importance of crop cultivation in food production.

4. Recognize the different farming practices and their significance.

II. Embedded Core Skills:

1. Reading comprehension: Students will read and comprehend information about crops, farming, and agricultural practices.

2. Scientific inquiry: Students will investigate and understand the scientific names and classifications of common crops.

3. Critical thinking: Students will analyze and evaluate the importance of crop cultivation in meeting food demands.

4. Communication: Students will present their understanding of the topic through discussions and presentations.

III. Learning Materials:

1. Agricultural Science textbooks and reference materials

2. Charts or posters displaying common crops and their scientific/botanical names

3. Visual aids (images or slides) showcasing various farming practices

4. Handouts with information on crop cultivation and farming techniques

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IV. Presentation:

1. Introduction (5 minutes):

a) Greet the students and provide an overview of the lesson topic: “Today, we will explore the world of crops and farming in Agricultural Science.”

b) Engage students with a question: “What crops do you commonly find in your locality?”

2. Explanation of Learning Objectives (2 minutes):

a) Share the learning objectives with the students: “By the end of this lesson, you will be able to identify common crops, understand their scientific names, and recognize the importance of farming.”

3. Teacher’s Activities (15 minutes):

a) Present information on common crops, their common names, and scientific/botanical names using charts or posters.

b) Explain the significance of crop cultivation in meeting food demands and sustaining human life.

c) Discuss various farming practices, such as organic farming, greenhouse farming, and hydroponics, using visual aids and real-life examples.

d) Encourage student participation by asking questions and promoting discussions.

4. Learners’ Activities (20 minutes):

a) Students read and analyze the information provided.

b) Students engage in group discussions to share their understanding of the topics presented.

c) Students take notes and highlight key points from the lesson.

5. Assessment (10 minutes):

a) Conduct a short quiz or worksheet to assess students’ comprehension of the lesson.

b) Ask students to identify and explain the benefits of a specific farming practice mentioned in the lesson.

6. Evaluation Questions (10 minutes):

Pose the following evaluation questions to assess students’ understanding:

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1. What is the difference between common names and scientific/botanical names of crops?

2. Why is crop cultivation essential for food production?

3. Name three common crops and their scientific/botanical names.

4. Explain the advantages of organic farming.

5. What is the purpose of greenhouse farming?

6. How does hydroponics differ from traditional farming methods?

7. Describe the importance of reading and understanding labels on agricultural products.

8. What are some challenges faced by farmers in crop production?

9. How does farming contribute to environmental sustainability?

10. Name three farming practices that conserve soil fertility.

7. Conclusion (3 minutes):

a) Summarize the key points discussed during the lesson.

b) Reinforce the importance of sustainable farming practices for food security.

c) Encourage students to explore more about agriculture and its impact on society.

8. Follow-up Activities:

Assign students a project to research and present on a specific crop or farming practice.

Note: The lesson plan can be modified based on the allotted time for the lesson. The timings mentioned above are suggestions and can be adjusted as per the class schedule.

9. Homework:

Assign students to write a short essay on the importance of sustainable farming practices in their local community.

10. Evaluation:

Assess students’ understanding of the lesson through the following methods:

a) Quiz or worksheet

b) Group discussions and participation

c) Evaluation questions posed during the lesson

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11. Extended Learning Opportunities:

Encourage students to explore the topic further through the following activities:

a) Field trip to a local farm or agricultural research center

b) Gardening or farming project within the school premises

c) Guest speaker session with a local farmer or agricultural expert

12. Support for Differentiated Instruction:

Cater to the diverse learning needs of students by:

a) Providing additional resources for students who want to explore the topic in more depth.

b) Offering extra support to students who require assistance in reading and comprehension.

c) Encouraging group work and peer collaboration for better understanding and knowledge sharing.

13. Integration with Other Subjects:

Explore opportunities to integrate the topic of crops and farming with other subjects, such as:

a) Mathematics: Calculating crop yields, analyzing agricultural data.

b) Science: Studying plant growth and photosynthesis.

c) Geography: Understanding the impact of climate and soil on crop production.

14. Safety Considerations:

Emphasize the importance of safety measures while engaging in any farming or gardening activities. Highlight proper handling of tools and equipment, as well as precautions regarding chemical substances and potential hazards.

15. Resources:

Provide students with additional resources such as websites, books, or videos that they can refer to for further learning and research.

16. Flexibility:

Adapt the lesson plan and activities based on the students’ prior knowledge, interests, and the available resources. Encourage student engagement and creativity throughout the lesson.

By following this comprehensive lesson plan, you can ensure that students gain a solid understanding of crops, farming practices, and their significance in agricultural science. The incorporation of evaluation questions and assessments allows for regular feedback, enabling students to gauge their progress and understanding.

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