Use of capital letter, punctuation marks in sentences Primary 3 Second Term Lesson Note English Studies Week 2

Primary 3 Second Term Lesson Note on English Studies

Lesson Plan

Subject: English Studies
Class: Primary 3
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Age: 7–8 years
Topic: Structure – Use of Capital Letters and Punctuation Marks in Sentences
Sub-topic: Identifying and using capital letters and punctuation marks in sentences.
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify capital letters and punctuation marks in sentences.
2. Explain the importance of capital letters and punctuation marks.
3. Use capital letters and punctuation marks correctly in sentences.

Keywords

• Capital letters
• Punctuation marks
• Sentence
• Period
• Question mark

Set Induction (5 minutes)

The teacher greets the pupils warmly and shows two sentences on the board:

1. “i like to play football”
2. “I like to play football.”
   The teacher asks: “Which of these sentences looks correct?”

Entry Behaviour

Pupils can recognize letters of the alphabet and know simple sentences.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Whiteboard and markers
• Flashcards with sentences (correct and incorrect examples)
• Worksheets with practice exercises

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Ask pupils to mention names of people, places, or their favorite things. Write their answers on the board, highlighting capital letters in proper nouns.

Embedded Core Skills

1. Collaboration and Communication
2. Critical Thinking and Problem Solving

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Oxford Primary English Grammar Workbook

Instructional Materials

• Charts showing examples of sentences with capital letters and punctuation marks
• Worksheets with sentences for practice

Content

Definition, Meaning, and Explanation

1. Capital Letters
   • These are big letters used to start sentences and proper nouns (names of people, places, or special items).
   • Examples:
     • John is my friend.
     • We live in Lagos.
     • I am happy today.
2. Punctuation Marks
   • These are symbols used to end or organize sentences for clarity.
   • Common punctuation marks include:
     • Period (.): Used to end a declarative sentence.
       • Example: The dog is barking.
     • Question Mark (?): Used to ask questions.
       • Example: Where is your book?
     • Exclamation Mark (!): Shows strong emotions or surprise.
       • Example: Watch out!
     • Comma (,): Used to separate items in a list or additional information.
       • Example: My bag contains books, pencils, and crayons.

Examples

1. Capital letter: “I am going to Abuja.”
2. Period: “The cat is sleeping.”
3. Question mark: “Do you want to play with me?”
4. Exclamation mark: “What a wonderful day!”
5. Comma: “She bought apples, bananas, and oranges.”

Lesson Presentation

Introduction (5 minutes)

• Revise the previous topic on sentence formation.
• Display examples of sentences without capital letters or punctuation marks and ask pupils to spot mistakes.

Teacher’s Activities

1. Explain capital letters and punctuation marks.
2. Demonstrate proper usage with examples on the board.
3. Guide pupils through examples, asking for their input.

Learners’ Activities

1. Participate by identifying correct and incorrect sentences.
2. Contribute examples of sentences.
3. Practice using capital letters and punctuation marks in sentences.

Guided Practice (10 minutes)

• Pupils complete a worksheet with missing capital letters and punctuation marks.

Independent Practice (10 minutes)

• Pupils write three sentences using capital letters and punctuation marks.

Closure (5 minutes)

• Pupils share their sentences, and the teacher corrects mistakes.

Evaluation Questions

1. Fill in the blank: ___ like to play outside.
   a) i b) I c) i. d) i?
2. A question mark is used to:
   a) End a question
   b) Show strong emotions
   c) Separate items
   d) End a statement
3. Which sentence is correct?
   a) we live in abuja.
   b) We live in Abuja.
   c) we Live in Abuja.
   d) We live In Abuja.
4. The sentence, “What a beautiful dress!” ends with:
   a) Period
   b) Question mark
   c) Exclamation mark
   d) Comma
5. Commas are used:
   a) To start a sentence
   b) To separate items in a list
   c) To end a statement
   d) For asking questions

Answers:

1. b) I
2. a) End a question
3. b) We live in Abuja.
4. c) Exclamation mark
5. b) To separate items in a list

Class Activity Discussion FAQs

1. Why do we use capital letters?
   • To start sentences and for proper nouns.
2. What is a period used for?
   • To end a statement.
3. What is an exclamation mark used for?
   • To show strong feelings or emotions.
4. How do we separate items in a list?
   • With commas.
5. What is a proper noun?
   • The name of a specific person, place, or thing.

Assessment

1. Write two sentences using capital letters correctly.
2. Write one question and one statement with the proper punctuation marks.

Conclusion

The teacher collects pupils’ work, marks it, and provides feedback.

Choose the word that is related to the word in capital letters